Grammar Practice: The Passive Voice. Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê ¹6(12)/2006. Áèáëèîòå êà «Ïåðâîãî ñåíòÿáðÿ» Ïåäàãîãèêà. Áèáëèîòåêà â øêîëå. Áèîëîãèÿ.

Transcription

1 Ïåäàãîãèêà Áèáëèîòåêà â øêîëå Áèîëîãèÿ Ãåîãðàôèÿ Äîøêîëüíîå îáðàçîâàíèå Çäîðîâüå äåòåé Èíôîðìàòèêà Áèáëèîòå êà «Ïåðâîãî ñåíòÿáðÿ» Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê Èñêóññòâî Èñòîðèÿ Ëèòåðàòóðà Ìàòåìàòèêà ¹6(12)/2006 Íà àëüíàÿ øêîëà Íåìåöêèé ÿçûê Ðóññêèé ÿçûê Ñïîðò â øêîëå Óïðàâëåíèå øêîëîé Ôèçèêà Ôðàíöóçñêèé ÿçûê Õèìèÿ Øêîëüíûé ïñèõîëîã Grammar Practice: The Passive Voice

2 ÁÈÁËÈÎÒÅ ÊÀ «ÏÅÐÂÎÃÎ ÑÅÍÒßÁÐß» Ñåðèÿ «Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê» Âûïóñê 6 (12) ÃÐÀÌÌÀÒÈÊÀ ÍÀ ÏÐÀÊÒÈÊÅ: ÑÒÐÀÄÀÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÇÀËÎà Ìîñêâà èñòûå ïðóäû

3 THE CATEGORY OF VOICE Voice is a grammatical category of the verb. It shows if the subject of the sentence acts (the Active Voice) or is acted upon (the Passive Voice). Let s study the following examples: Arthur pulled Excalibur from the rock. (Active Voice). The subject of the sentence (Arthur) performs the action. Excalibur was pulled from the rock by Arthur. (Passive Voice). The subject of the sentence (Excalibur) is the recipient of the action of the verb. FORMS The Passive is formed with the verb TO BE and PAST PARTICIPLE (PARTICIPLE II) of the main verb. Present Indefinite am, is, are Past Participle Past Indefinite was, were Past Participle Future Indefinite shall/will be Past Participle VERBS THAT CAN BE USED IN THE PASSIVE VOICE The object of the active sentence becomes the subject in the passive construction. That s why only transitive verbs (a verb that takes a direct object) can be used in the Passive Voice. Mind the fact that some verbs that are intransitive in the Russian language are transitive in English and can be used in the Passive Voice. Among such verbs are: to treat smb., to play some game, to speak some language, to follow smb./smth. Vice versa, some verbs that are transitive in Russian are intransitive in English, for example: to listen to, to wait for, to operate on. Some transitive verbs such as to hold, to resemble, to have, to lack cannot be changed into the Passive. THREE TYPES OF PASSIVE CONSTRUCTIONS As there are three types of objects in English direct, indirect and prepositional there are three types of passive constructions. I. Direct Passive The direct object of the Active voice becomes the subject of the passive construction. Example: Oscar Wilde wrote only one novel. Only one novel was written by Oscar Wilde. Some verbs: to ask, to forgive, to envy, to excuse can take two direct objects and they form two passive constructions. Example: The teacher asked the students a very difficult question. a. The students were asked a very difficult question by the teacher. b. A very difficult question was asked by the teacher. 3

4 II. Indirect Passive The indirect object of the active voice becomes the subject of the passive construction. Example: They told me about this accident. I was told about this accident. Some verbs can take both direct and indirect objects and they form two passive constructions (Direct and Indirect Passive). Among such verbs are: to give, to offer, to pay, to promise, to teach, to bring, to show, to send, to tell, to buy, to sell, to grant, to allow, to hand and some others. Example: Mary offered me a cup of coffee. a. I was offered a cup of coffee by Mary. (Indirect Passive) b. A cup of coffee was offered to me by Mary. (Direct Passive) III. Prepositional Passive The prepositional object of the Active voice becomes the subject of the passive construction. In this case the preposition is kept. Most frequently we come across the following phrasal verbs: to laugh at, to listen to, to refer to, to operate on, to insist on, to rely on, to speak (talk) of/about/ to, to look after, to send for, to live in, to sleep in, to wait for. Example: They often laugh at his jokes. His jokes are often laughed at. Nobody lived in the house. The house wasn t lived in. Mind that with fixed phrases such as: to find fault with, to make fun of, to lose sight of, to take care of, to pay attention to the passive construction is formed in the following way: Example: They always find fault with Larry. Larry is always found fault with. Remember that such verbs as: to announce, to dictate, to introduce, to suggest, to demonstrate, to explain, to repeat, to describe, to point out, to say take two objects (direct and prepositional) but only Direct Passive can be formed. Example: Mr. Floyd introduced the young man to Lady Fairfax. The young man was introduced to Lady Fairfax by Mr. Floyd. 4 PASSIVE VOICE WITH THE MODAL VERBS After the modal verbs the passive infinitive is used. Example: We must do this work as soon as possible. This work must be done as soon as possible. They can find all the necessary information on this site. All the necessary information can be found on this site. BY + AGENT OR OMITTANCE OF AGENT Use by+ agent when it is important who the action is performed by. Example: The Mystery of Marie Roget was written by Edgar Allan Poe.

5 Omit the agent in the passive sentence when the subject of the active sentence is one of the following words: people, they, someone, one and some others. Example: People speak English all over the world. (Active Voice) English is spoken all over the world by. (Passive Voice) EXERCISES Exercise 1. Rewrite the sentences using the Passive Voice. 1. We learn English at school. 2. People speak English all over the world. 3. Do people speak English in Russia? 4. What languages do people speak in Canada? 5. They do not teach French in our school. 6. Pupils do not play rugby at PE lessons in our school. 7. What games do pupils enjoy? 8. In February we discussed the history of Britain. 9. We learnt a lot of interesting things about ancient Britain. 10. Next year we will discuss the history of the USA. 11. Who will make a report on the discovery of America? 12. The ancient people, who came to the British Isles from the Iberian Peninsular, left behind impressive monuments, structures of big stones. 13. The ancient people probably used these structures to observe the movements of the Sun, the Moon and the stars. 14. A king or a chieftain ruled each Celtic tribe. 15. Did the Iberian people take on new Celtic culture? 16. Do people still speak some Celtic language in some areas of Britain? 17. Everybody knows that the Romans invaded the British Isles in 43 AD. 18. The Romans pursued the ancient Britons along the banks of the Thames. 19. When did the Romans found Londinium? The Romans founded Londinium in the first century AD. 20. Later the Romans erected the first bridge over the river Thames. 21. Under Emperor Hadrian the Romans built a great wall across Britain. This wall marked the border between the two later countries, England and Scotland. 22. The Romans brought Christianity to Britain. Exercise 2. Open the brackets using the Passive Voice. 1. Red Square The Square (to lay out) in the 16th century. Until the middle of the 17th century Red Square (to know) as Fire Square. The Square (to build) on the order of Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the victory over the Kazan khanate. Red Square is one of medieval Europe s biggest squares which still well (to preserve). The monument to Minin and Pozharsky (to erect) in memory of the Russian victory over the Polish invaders. This monument (to design) by Martos. 5

6 2. St. Basil s Cathedral In front of you is an ancient monument of Red Square which (to know) as St. Basil s Cathedral. It (to build) in 1552 during the reign of Ivan the Terrible. Red Square (to visit) by many tourists. Big parades (to hold) in Red Square. 3. The History Museum The History Museum (to build) in The history of Moscow and our country (to represent) in the museum. 4. University The University (to found) by Lomonosov and (to name) after him. The new building (to construct) in 1953 on Vorobyov Hills. On a fine day a wonderful view of the Russian capital can (to see) from the tower of the University. A lot of young people from different countries (to teach) there. 5. The Tretyakov Art Gallery The Tretyakov Art Gallery (to know) throughout the world. More than 50 thousand paintings (to collect) here. It (to found) by Pavel Tretyakov, a wellknown art collector. Works of famous Russian painters (to display) here. The collection (to give) by Tretyakov to the city of Moscow. The present fañade of the Gallery (to design) by Vasnetsov. Exercise 3. Choose and underline the correct form of the verbs (Active or Passive Voice). 1. Uther was a strong man who had won many battles. Yet England was divided / divided by many wars. 2. Uther thought: I have won enough battles to rule a thousand countries, yet England stands divided. What else must do / be done? 3. Merlin said: Excalibur is the most powerful sword in the world. Whoever owns it cannot kill / be killed or lose / be lost a battle. 4. Uther asked to show / to be shown to the Lady of the Lake. 5. A woman s figure appeared / was appeared below the surface of the water. 6. A few years passed and the Queen gave / was given birth to a son. 7. Uther cried: Merlin! I beg you, do not take our child! I will give / will be given you anything else you ask. 8. Merlin answered: The word of honour was given / gave by you. The child is mine. 9. Uther called out / was called out for Merlin as he moved through the forest. 10. The thieves wounded / were wounded Uther. Excalibur gave him strength to rise and fight but he badly injured / was injured. 11. Uther whispered: Merlin, I have kept my promise. I will leave / will be left Excalibur in the rock, but you must make my son a king. 6

7 12. Uther rose up / was risen up with all his strength and pushed / was pushed Excalibur into the rock up to the handle. 13. Arthur, the slave of a knight Kay, sent / was sent to bring Kay s sword. 14. Excalibur knew / was known for its gold handle and its silver blade. 15. Arthur said: With this sword I will unite / will be united England into a land of peace and prosperity. 16. The woman dressed / was dressed in white, with a green cape covering her arms and shoulders. 17. Arthur charmed / was charmed by the lady s beauty. 18. Guinevere charmed / was charmed Arthur by her beauty and her loyalty to her father. 19. The best knights sent / were sent to the castle in Carmelide to help Guinevere s father. 20. Soon the enemies defeated / were defeated. Exercise 4. Open the brackets and use the verbs in the Active Voice or in the Passive Voice. 1. On Sunday he (to speak) to his parents and even his father (to impress). 2. Usually people (to eat) bacon and eggs for breakfast but soup (not to eat). 3. Lou (to accept) at three of the business schools where he had applied. 4. Berman said: I (to thrill) with this idea. I will take all the danger out of it for you, Lou. 5. Mother (to convince) Lou not to go to Chicago, as he was still too weak after the illness. 6. Nonetheless when Lou spoke of all the advantages of living in the city, his mother (not to convince). 7. Liz asked Lou: this work (to do) tomorrow? 8. That summer Bernie (to rent) a small house in East Hampton and Liz (to spend) every weekend with him. 9. They were happy. The house (to rent) and they (to decide) to move to the beach on Friday. 10. Jane looked at the bathing suits and asked Bernie: And what about dresses? they (to sell) in this shop? 11. Jane was rude to Mary and her behaviour (to disappoint) Lou. 12. Christmas was coming and Bernie (to invite) Mary to spend the holiday with them. She (to refuse) and he (to disappoint). 13. After dinner Jane and Mary (to put) food away, (to load) the dishwasher and when Nanny (to come) back everything (to do). 14. He grumbled: A lot of money (to spend) on food every day. 15. In June he (to call) his mother and (to invite) her to Chicago. He (to explain): The new shop (to open) on the first of July. 7

8 Exercise 5. Learning to use the Direct Passive. A. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. Does anyone envy Jane her privileged position? 2. The professor asked us a lot of difficult questions at the examination. 3. They didn t excuse him his absence at the party. 4. They will discuss these problems in the next meeting. 5. No doubt, he runs a very serious business. 6. I believe, the parents will forgive Diana her whim. 7. They envied Peter his victory at the contest. 8. Everybody admired Eliza s manners and pronunciation. 9. They will never excuse Ron his failure to report on time on that tragic day. 10. Who composed this symphony? 11. They treated Ann like a little princess. 12. Englishmen played some kind of football in the Middle Ages. B. Translate the sentences into English. Use the Direct Passive construction. 1. Âñå çàâèäîâàëè å óñïåõó íà êîíöåðòå. 2. Âèêòîðèè çàäàëè äîïîëíèòåëüíûé âîïðîñ íà ýêçàìåíå. 3. ß çíàþ, òî ýòîò âîïðîñ áóäåò çàäàí íà ñåìèíàðå. 4. Ïî åìó ñ íåé îáðàùàþòñÿ êàê ñî ñëóæàíêîé? 5. Ïî åìó åé çàâèäóþò? Ïî åìó çàâèäóþò å îáðàçó æèçíè? 6. Òåòóøêà Ïîëëè áûëà î åíü äîáðîñåðäå íîé, ïîýòîìó Òîìó àñòî ïðîùàëè åãî ïðîäåëêè. 7. Ìóæåñòâîì è âåðíîñòüþ ðûöàðåé Êðóãëîãî ñòîëà âîñõèùàëèñü. 8. Ïîëîæåíèþ ïåðâîãî ðûöàðÿ êîðîëÿ çàâèäîâàëè. 9. Óâåðåíà, åìó ïðîñòÿò âñå åãî îøèáêè. 10. Â íàøå âðåìÿ íà ëàòûíè íå ðàçãîâàðèâàþò, íî ýòîò ÿçûê ïðåïîäà òñÿ âî ìíîãèõ ó åáíûõ çàâåäåíèÿõ. Exercise 6. Learning to use the Direct-Indirect Passive. A. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. The student gave his tutor a very detailed answer. 2. They paid Jack a lot of money for that work. 3. Francis will post the letter on his way to the office. 4. My friend buys me a new detective novel every month. 5. She was trembling with cold and they offered her a cup of hot tea. 6. Professor Higgins taught Eliza to speak and behave like a real lady. 7. Mr. Benton taught us Algebra and Geometry. 8. They promised him a new happy life. 9. They didn t send us an message. 8

9 10. Nobody told me about this accident. 11. Helen showed them her new smart clothes. 12. He sold the rivalry company the top secret information. B. Translate the sentences into English. Use the Direct or Indirect Passive construction. 1. Èì ïðåäëîæàò íîâûé èíòåðåñíûé ïðîåêò. 2. Â èõ øêîëå ïðåïîäàþò òðè èíîñòðàííûõ ÿçûêà. 3. Âî âðåìÿ ïîë òà âàì áóäóò ïðåäëîæåíû ëàí è áåçàëêîãîëüíûå íàïèòêè. 4. Èì íå ïðîäàäóò ýòîò äîì íà òàêèõ óñëîâèÿõ. 5. Òîìó íå ðàçðåøèëè ïîéòè íà ðå êó ñ äðóçüÿìè, åìó âåëåëè ïîáåëèòü çàáîð. 6. Ñêîëüêî äåíåã åìó çàïëàòèëè çà åãî ñêàíäàëüíóþ (scandalous) ñòàòüþ? 7. Ïîñåòèòåëÿì Áîòàíè åñêîãî ñàäà ïîêàçàëè ìíîãî ýêçîòè åñêèõ ðàñòåíèé. 8. Áîëüøîå âîçíàãðàæäåíèå áûëî îáåùàíî òîìó, êòî ñïàñ ò ïðèíöåññó. 9. Åìó äàëè õîðîøèé ñîâåò? Äà. Íî ñîâåò áûë äàí ñëèøêîì ïîçäíî. 10. Êîìó ïðèíåñëè âñå ýòè ãàçåòû è æóðíàëû? Íå çíàþ, èõ ïðèíåñëè â åðà, êîãäà ìåíÿ íå áûëî â îôèñå. Exercise 7 A. Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Mind that with the verbs like explain, announce, dictate etc. only one passive construction is possible. 1. At the opening ceremony of the conference the chairman announced the important news to the participants. 2. He said nothing to his friend about this peculiar case. 3. Does Simon devote all his free time to mountaineering? 4. Will the teacher explain the new assignment to the students? 5. The professor pointed out the recently obtained data to his audience. 6. Robert Scott devoted all his life to the exploration of the South Pole. 7. When will he announce this wonderful news to his family? 8. Why did Caroline say these cruel words to her mother? 9. Colonel Pickering introduced Eliza to the Hostess and Host of the Embassy party. 10. Why did they repeat these strange signals to us so many times? 11. In his new book the famous traveller describes every detail of his voyage to the readers. 12. Who will dictate this text to us? B. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Ñòóäåíòàì îáúÿñíèëè ýòî ñëîæíîå ãðàììàòè åñêîå ïðàâèëî î åíü õîðîøî. 9

10 2. Âñÿ æèçíü Ðîáåðòà Ïèðè (Robert Peary) áûëà ïîñâÿùåíà èññëåäîâàíèþ Ñåâåðíîãî ïîëþñà. 3. Êîãäà ñëóøàòåëÿì ñîîáùàò ýòó ñåíñàöèîííóþ íîâîñòü? 4. Íàì îïèñàëè ýòó çàïóòàííóþ ñèòóàöèþ î åíü ïîäðîáíî. 5. Ýëèçå ïðåäñòàâèëè Êëàðó Ýéíñôîðä Õèëë (Eynsford Hill) è åå áðàòà Ôðåääè. 6. Íàì ïðîäèêòîâàëè ýòîò òåêñò äâàæäû. 7. Êîãäà âàì áûë ïðåäëîæåí íîâûé ïëàí? 8. Ñòóäåíòàì ïðîäåìîíñòðèðîâàëè íîâîå ëàáîðàòîðíîå îáîðóäîâàíèå. 9. Ïî åìó ýòè ñåðüåçíûå ñëîâà áûëè ñêàçàíû â òàêîé øóòëèâîé ìàíåðå? 10. Âàì ïðîäåìîíñòðèðóþò íîâûå ìîäåëè àâòîìîáèëåé. 10 Exercise 8 A. Translate the verbs with prepositions into Russian. Remember them. to account for to look at to agree with to operate on to agree on / upon to refer to to arrive at (an agreement, a conclusion, a decision) to rely on / upon to call for, on to run over to comment on to send for to count on to speak about, of, to to deal with to sleep in to hear of to provide for to insist on to put up with to interfere with to talk about, to to live in to think of to listen to to write about to look after to wait for to laugh at B. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive Voice. Use the Prepositional Passive construction. 1. It was really funny and everybody laughed at Jane s tricks. 2. Alex fell ill and they sent for the doctor. 3. Bernie s father was a good doctor and they relied on him. He insisted on the operation. 4. It was a difficult problem but at last Bernie arrived at the decision. 5. Lou said: Yesterday we arrived at the agreement. They will operate on Liz tomorrow. 6. The house was nice. Lou asked: Does anybody live in this house?

11 7. The fashion show at the store was a great success and they spoke much about it afterwards. 8. Bernie was a born speaker and they always listened to him very attentively. 9. Lou kissed his mother and said: It s too late. I will wait for Liz at the hotel. 10. Bernie spoke to his mother very seriously. 11. Alex was surprised and asked Lou: Do customers often refer to this document? 12. They commented widely on that declaration. 13. Alex warned Jane: If you don t stop being naughty I will send for Liz. 14. People will never deal with Charlie. 15. They bought the house on the beach but they didn t live in the house in winter. 16. When Bernie and Liz went to Europe Mike and Rose looked after Jane and Chris. 17. Lou said: Your book is awful. They won t speak about it. 18. When will you send for the taxi? 19. Your jokes are silly. People never laugh at them. 20. In the morning he saw that the room was empty, besides, nobody slept in the bed. C. Translate the sentences into English. Use the Prepositional Passive construction. 1. Íàø ó èòåëü èñòîðèè î åíü èíòåðåñíûé ðàññêàç èê, åãî âñåãäà âíèìàòåëüíî ñëóøàþò. 2. Çèìîé â ýòîì äîìå íå æèëè. 3. ß ïîìíþ, òî äåäóøêà áûë åëîâåêîì ñ áîëüøèì óâñòâîì þìîðà, è íàä åãî øóòêàìè àñòî ñìåÿëèñü. 4. Ýòî î åíü èçâåñòíûé èñòîðèê, è íà åãî êíèãè àñòî ññûëàþòñÿ. 5. Îá ýòîì ñîáûòèè áóäóò ìíîãî ãîâîðèòü. 6. Î êíèãàõ Äýíà Áðàóíà ìíîãî ãîâîðÿò. 7. Â ñåìüå î Äæîíå äóìàëè êàê î ìàëåíüêîì ìàëü èêå, è åãî íèêîãäà íå ñëóøàëè. 8. Íå âîëíóéñÿ, çà âðà îì ïîñëàëè 30 ìèíóò òîìó íàçàä. 9. Ýòî ñëîæíûé ñëó àé. Íà îïåðàöèè íàñòàèâàþò. 10. Ïî åìó íàä íèì âñåãäà ñìåþòñÿ? 11. Ìàéê áåçîòâåòñòâåííûé åëîâåê. Íà íåãî íåëüçÿ ïîëîæèòüñÿ. 12. Âñ áóäåò õîðîøî. Çà äåòüìè ïðèñìîòðÿò. 13. Ïî åìó â ïîñòåëè íå ñïàëè? Ãäå õîçÿèí êâàðòèðû? ñïðîñèë èíñïåêòîð. 14. Å íå áóäóò æäàòü íà ñòàíöèè. 15. Íàêîíåö-òî ðåøåíèå áûëî ïðèíÿòî. 11

12 12 Exercise 9 A. Translate the fixed phrases into Russian. Remember them. 1. to do away with 7. to pay attention to 2. to find fault with 8. to put an end to 3. to lose sight of 9. to take care of 4. to make a fool of 10. to take notice of 5. to make fun of 11. to take no notice of 6. to make use of 12. to set fire to B. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive Voice. 1. At the English lessons we pay much attention to the pronunciation. 2. Why did they always find fault with Jack? 3. Lou and Liz were standing at the port until they lost the sight of the ship. 4. Bernie cried: I don t like when people make fun of me. 5. In Russia people did away with illiteracy many years ago. 6. When will people do away with prejudices? 7. The Romans put an end to tribal wars in Britain. 8. Leodagran s enemies set fire to the tree to make Arthur and his knight go round the hill. 9. They took no notice of the hidden enemies. 10. People take care of nature in our country. C. Translate into English. 1. Ê Äýâèäó àñòî ïðèäèðàþòñÿ. 2. Íå âîëíóéòåñü, çà äåòüìè òàì áóäåò îòëè íûé óõîä. 3. ß óâåðåíà, òî ñ ïëîõîé äèñöèïëèíîé â êëàññå ñêîðî áóäåò ïîêîí åíî. 4. Ëîäêà ïîïëûëà âíèç ïî ðåêå è âñêîðå èñ åçëà (ïîòåðÿëàñü) èç âèäó. 5. Ýòî íåñïðàâåäëèâî, òî èç íåãî äåëàþò äóðàêà. 6. Íàä ýòèìè äåâî êàìè ïîñòîÿííî íàñìåõàþòñÿ. 7. Çèìîé î ïòèöàõ íóæíî çàáîòèòüñÿ. 8. Ïðè âûïîëíåíèè ýòîãî óïðàæíåíèÿ ñëåäóåò îáðàòèòü âíèìàíèå íà àðòèêëè. 9. Ïî åìó ýòî îáúÿâëåíèå íå çàìåòèëè? 10. Êîãäà áóäåò èñïîëüçîâàí ýòîò ìàòåðèàë? Exercise 10. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. They explained the examination procedure to the students. 2. Does anyone live in this house? 3. He is an eloquent speaker and everybody listens to him with interest. 4. No one will give him Jane s new address. 5. Why do scientists often refer to this article? 6. Kate always informs her parents of her plans and projects.

13 7. Why did the boys laugh at Laura and Mary? 8. No one slept in this bed last night. 9. Merlin used his magic only for educational purposes. 10. Merlin taught Morgan Le Fay magic arts. 11. Her aunt brought her up. 12. He told us the truth. 13. Merlin demonstrated his magic powers to Kay and his father. 14. Mother gave Clara a piece of advice. 15. Professor Clyde speaks twelve foreign languages. 16. Gawain envied Lancelot his privileged position. 17. Kelley introduced David to Susan. 18. The director explained her duties and responsibilities to his new assistant. 19. He gave the manager a brief history of his association with the organization. 20. Mrs. Reed and her family always found fault with little Jane. Exercise 11. Complete the sentences with appropriate verbs from the box. Put the verbs into the passive form. to suggest, to rely on, to thank for, to light, to teach, to describe, to explain, to excuse, to offer, to hold, to set fire to, not to suit, to put down, to congratulate on, to admire 1. He could see that torches along the edge of the beach. 2. The next chess tournament in Monaco. 3. Captain Cook his discovery of the new continent. 4. In cartography classes students how to make maps. 5. The basic principles of Darwin s theory of evolution to the students in the previous seminar. 6. Susan as a responsible and serious girl who can in all situations. 7. During the riot lots of stores and cafes, later the riot by the army. 8. People who chose to go into oncology by David who knew that he himself for the specialty. 9. Quite a new idea to me by the leader of the research team in the previous meeting. 10. Mark a very well-paid job but he turned it down. 11. I hope I my bad handwriting. 12. Everybody coming out on that snowy evening. Exercise 12. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. On English is spoken in many countries. b.english is spoken in many countries. c. People are spoken English in many countries. 13

14 2. a. Football and basketball is played all the year round. b.football and basketball are played all the year round. c. In football and basketball are played all the year round. 3. a. The letter was dictated to the secretary. b.the secretary was dictated the letter. c. The letter were dictated to the secretary. 4. a. The news were announced to her friends. b.her friends were announced the news. c. The news was announced to her friends 5. a. Many good advice are given by our teacher. b.much good advice are given by our teacher. c. Much good advice is given by our teacher. 6. a. She was explained the rule again after classes. b.the rule was explained to her again after classes. c. The rule is explained to her again after classes. 7. a. His jokes are often laughed. b.his jokes are often laugh at. c. His jokes are often laughed at. 8. a. When will be the competitions held? b.when will the competitions be held? c. When will the competitions be hold? 9. a. Will be the new equipment demonstrated to them? b.will they be demonstrated the new equipment to? c. Will the new equipment be demonstrated to them? 10. a. Mike was showed my new collection of stamps. b.mike was shown my new collection of stamps. c. My new collection of stamps was showed to Mike. 11. a. His stories aren t never listened to. b.his stories are never listened. c. His stories are never listened to. 12. a. Kate is always find fault with. b.kate is always found with fault. c. Kate is always found fault with. Exercise 13. Correct the mistakes. 1. In English speak in many countries. 2. Fire was set to the famous temple. 3. The piece of music was wrote by the composer when he was a young man. 4. The students were explained new research methods. 5. At his jokes often laugh. 14

15 6. Much attention is paid to grammar in our English classes. 7. Everybody was admired by Eliza s manners and pronunciation. 8. Who you were taught French by? 9. These data are often referred on. 10. We were described this absurd scene in every detail. 11. I was doubtful about the appointed date, that was why I was suggested another more convenient date. 12. When will his spine be operated? 13. That sensational news were much spoken at first but later it was completely forgot. 14. I was said a breathtaking story about his adventures at sea. Exercise 14. Open the brackets and use the verbs in the Active Voice or in the Passive Voice. The famous opera Tristan and Isolde (to compose) in 1871 by the great German composer Richard Wagner. That opera (to inspire) by one of the Aurthurian love stories. These tragic tales still (to stir) people s hearts as such eternal themes as love, passion, jealousy and tragic death (to develop) in them. Tristan was the clever and handsome nephew of King Mark of Cornwall. Tristan (to send) to Ireland on an important mission. He (to order) to bring back the lovely princess Isolde whom the King (to intend) to marry. Mark (to trust) his nephew and (to know) that he could (to rely on). On his arrival in Ireland Tristan (to fight and to kill) the dragon but (to wound) by the monster. The princess (to feel) sorry for the brave young man and (to nurse) him. When Tristan (to recover), the day of departure (to decide on). Isolde s mother (to make) a love potion that (to believe) to have a magic effect on a person who (to drink) it. The ladies-in-waiting (to entrust) with the task of giving the potion to Isolde and the king. The Queen (to believe) that if that potion (to give) to them, it (to ensure) their happy marriage. But on the voyage to Cornwall the potion mistakenly (to give) to Tristan and Isolde and they (to fall) passionately in love. When the young people s secret love affair (to discover) by the King, Tristan (to force) to leave Cornwall. He (to travel) to Camelot and (to become) a knight of the Round Table. Later he (to meet and to marry) another young lady but still (to love) his Isolde. When Tristan mortally (to wound) by the evil knight, Isolde (to send for). It (to agree) between the lovers that Isolde s ship (to carry) a white sail. But Tristan s jealous wife (to tell) him that the ship (to carry) a black sail. Tristan s heart (to break) by that news and he (to die). When Isolde (to find) her lover dead she (to overcome) by sorrow and soon (to die) too. Their bodies (to bring) back to Cornwall and (to burry) there in one grave. The lovers, who (to separate) during their life time, (to become) inseparable in death. 15

16 Exercise 15. Open the brackets. Don t confuse Active and Passive Voices. Mind the tenses. During the storm, which (to follow) by a strong wind we (to carry) about five hundred leagues to the east, so that the oldest sailor on board could not tell in what part of the world we (to be). Our ship was staunch and our crew all in good health but we lay in the distress for water. On the 16th day of June 1703, a boy on the topmast (to discover) land. The anchor (to cast) within a league of this creek and our Captain (to send) a dozen of his men with vessels for water if any could (to find). I (to walk) on for some time when I (to discover) one of the inhabitants in the field. He (to appear) as tall as an ordinary spire-steeple. I (to strike) with fear and astonishment and (to run) to hide myself in the corn. Seven monsters like himself were reaping the corn in the field where I lay. One of the reapers (to approach) me and it made me apprehend that with his next step I should (to squash) to death under his foot, or (to cut) in two with his reaping-hook. We were ten weeks in our journey and I (to show) in eighteen large towns. I (to show) ten times a day to the wonder and satisfaction of all people. I could now (to speak) their language well and perfectly (to understand) every word that (to speak) to me. The King (to educate) in the study of philosophy and mathematics; yet when he (to observe) my shape and (to hear) my voice his astonishment could not (to conceal). Three great scholars (to send) for by his Majesty. These gentlemen, after they (to examine) my shape (to be) of different opinions concerning me. They all (to agree) that I could not (to produce) according to the regular laws of nature. They (to observe) by my teeth, which (to view) with great exactness, that I was a carnivorous animal. Besides the large box in which I usually (to carry), the Queen (to order) a smaller one (to make) for me, for the convenience of traveling. It (to make) by the same artist. This traveling closet was an exact square with three windows. Each window (to lattice) with iron wire on the outside, to prevent accidents in long journeys. On the fourth side two strong staples (to fix), through which a leathern belt (to put), for the person that (to carry) me. (Based on Gulliver s Travels by J. Swift.) PREPARATION FOR THE TESTS I. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. Do people play hockey only in winter? 2. The librarian will give you good advice. 3. He showed his neighbours his new TV set. 4. Tom didn t tell the police the truth about the crime. 5. People don t speak ancient Greek in Greece now. 6. Dorothy will offer me a cup of tea. 16

17 7. Wars bring people a lot of sufferings. 8. They explained to Margaret her new duties. 9. Why do people laugh at him? 10. Nobody lived in this house last winter. 11. People will speak much about this scientific discovery. 12. Nobody told us about Barbara s exciting adventures. 13. Everybody admired Diana s perfect English. 14. Did Sean say anything? 15. Francis will send his friend a wonderful birthday gift. 16. What kind of people do they usually make fun of? 17. The students listened to the professor with interest. 18. The management suggested various ways how to improve the service to the staff. 19. I am afraid, they will not excuse Phil his bad manners. 20. Will anybody dictate the list of emergency numbers to us? II. Translate into English. 1. Ïî åìó íàì îáúÿâèëè ýòó íîâîñòü òîëüêî â åðà? 2. Ïðåäàííîñòüþ è õðàáðîñòüþ Ëàíñåëîòà âîñõèùàëèñü. 3. Êîãäà èì ïðîäèêòóþò ñïèñîê êíèã äëÿ ëåòíåãî òåíèÿ? 4. Ìíîãî äåíåã áûëî îáåùàíî Âèêòîðó çà åãî êîëëåêöèþ ñòàðèííûõ ìîíåò. 5. Â ýòîé øêîëå áîëüøîå âíèìàíèå îáðàùàþò íà âíåêëàññíóþ ðàáîòó. 6. Èíòåðåñíî, çàìåòèëè ëè åãî îòñóòñòâèå íà ñîáðàíèè? 7. Åãî çíàíèÿìè äðåâíåé èñòîðèè âîñõèùàþòñÿ. 8. Ïî åìó ê íåìó ïîñòîÿííî ïðèäèðàþòñÿ? 9. ß óâåðåíà, òî ñ åãî ïëîõèì ïîâåäåíèåì ñêîðî áóäåò ïîêîí åíî. 10. Ïî åìó ñâåò âûêëþ èëè? 11. Ýòîò ôèëüì áóäåò ñêîðî ïîêàçàí â êèíîòåàòðàõ, î í ì áóäóò ìíîãî ãîâîðèòü. PRELIMINARY TESTS Variant I I. Underline the verbs that can be used in the Passive Voice. 1. to excuse 8. to tell 2. to play 9. to offer 3. to run 10. to forgive 4. to lie 11. to suggest 5. to follow 12. to show 6. to swim 13. to walk 7. to resemble 14. to lack 17

18 II. Name the verbs that can take two direct objects and form two passive constructions III. Name the verbs that can take direct and indirect objects and form two passive constructions IV. Name the verbs that can take two objects but form only one direct construction V. Translate into English (verbs with prepositions and fixed phrases). 1. îïåðèðîâàòü 7. ïðèéòè ê çàêëþ åíèþ 2. ñëóøàòü êîãî-ëèáî 8. ïîëàãàòüñÿ íà 3. ñìåÿòüñÿ íàä 9. êîììåíòèðîâàòü òî-ëèáî 4. èìåòü äåëî ñ 10. îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèå íà 5. íàñòàèâàòü íà 11. ïîêîí èòü ñ 6. ïîñûëàòü çà 12. ïðèäèðàòüñÿ ê Variant II I. Underline the verbs that can be used in the Passive Voice. 1. to sing 8. to be 2. to ask 9. to teach 3. to retell 10. to have 4. to lack 11. to hope 5. to behave 12. to cope 6. to offer 13. to envy 7. to grant 14. to find II. Name the verbs that can take two direct objects and form two passive constructions

19 III. Name the verbs that can take direct and indirect objects and form two passive constructions IV. Name the verbs that can take two objects but form only one direct construction V. Translate into English (verbs with prepositions and fixed phrases). 1. ïîäæå ü òî-ëèáî 7. ññûëàòüñÿ íà 2. ïðèñìàòðèâàòü çà 8. ãîâîðèòü î 3. æäàòü êîãî-ëèáî 9. îáðàùàòü âíèìàíèå íà 4. äóìàòü î 10. çàáîòèòüñÿ î 5. ñìåÿòüñÿ íàä 11. ïîëîæèòü êîíåö åìó-ëèáî 6. ïîëàãàòüñÿ íà 12. ïîòåðÿòü èç âèäó TEST 1 I. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. Will a laptop given to him as a birthday present? b.will be a laptop given to him as a birthday present? c. Will a laptop be given to him as a birthday present? 2. a. The bad news were broken to Susan without any preliminaries. b.the bad news was broken to Susan without any preliminaries. c. Susan was broken the bad news without any preliminaries. 3. a. Fred was said about the new method of treatment. b.the new method of treatment was said about to Fred. c. Fred was told about the new method of treatment. 4. a. Margaret was described the subject of Sean s research. b.the subject of Sean s research was described to Margaret. c. The subject of Sean s research was described Margaret. 5. a. His unwanted familiarity will be put an end to. b.an end will be put to his unwanted familiarity. c. To his unwanted familiarity will be put an end. 19

20 II. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. No one paid any attention to his words. 2. They will give you another chance. 3. Helen suggested her new plan to Dorothy. 4. I hope they will excuse me my bad handwriting. 5. Why does everybody refer to this discovery as a breakthrough in medicine? 6. When did they send Joan an message? 7. They pointed the head of security out to Christine. 8. Why did they offer you a free trip across the Pacific? 9. Mother Theresa devoted all her life to the relief of suffering. 10. Why do they insist on the immediate answer? III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Êîãäà ýòîãî ïàöèåíòà áóäóò îïåðèðîâàòü? 2. ß íå ëþáëþ, êîãäà êî ìíå ïðèäèðàþòñÿ. 3. Äîðîòè ïðåäëîæèëè èíòåðåñíóþ è õîðîøî îïëà èâàåìóþ ðàáîòó. 4. Êîãäà êîìàíäà ñïàñàòåëåé (rescue team) ïðèåõàëà, èì îáúÿñíèëè ñèòóàöèþ â íåñêîëüêèõ ñëîâàõ. 5. Áëàãîðîäñòâîì è õðàáðîñòüþ Ðîáèí Ãóäà âîñõèùàëèñü. 20 TEST 2 I. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. Her knowledge were admired by everybody. b.everybody was admired by her knowledge. c. Her knowledge was admired by everybody. 2. a. His theory is based on the supposition. b.on the supposition is based his theory. c. On the supposition his theory is based. 3. a. Fun was made of his bad pronunciation. b.his bad pronunciation was made fun of. c. Of his bad pronunciation was made fun. 4. a. Will the secretary be dictated the letters after the recess? b.will be the letters dictated to the secretary after the recess? c. Will the letters be dictated to the secretary after the recess? 5. a. The highest standards of service were insisted in the hotel. b.the highest standards of service were insisted on in the hotel. c. The highest standards of service were insisted at in the hotel. II. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. Everybody gave Janet s suggestion some thought.

21 2. They offered us a lot of money for a TV movie. 3. Did Kate introduce Francis to Mrs. Mason? 4. They will put an end to his irresponsible behaviour. 5. I am sure people will speak much about this young actress. 6. When did they hand Janet the ring of pass keys? 7. What did they fill the chests with? 8. The computer will suggest alternative routes to the driver. 9. When will people do away with this fatal illness? 10. Nobody commented on his resignation. III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Êàêèå èíîñòðàííûå ÿçûêè ïðåïîäàþò â ýòîé øêîëå? Íàñ ó àò àíãëèéñêîìó è ôðàíöóçñêîìó. 2. Êîãäà òåáå ðàññêàçàëè îá ýòîì âàæíîì èçîáðåòåíèè? 3. Ïî åìó íàä íèì âñåãäà ñìåþòñÿ? 4. Íà ñîáðàíèè íàì îáúÿâÿò î åíü âàæíóþ íîâîñòü. 5. Íà øóì íå îáðàòèëè íèêàêîãî âíèìàíèÿ. TEST 3 I. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. Her efficiency and diligence were admired by her colleagues. b.her efficiency and diligence was admired by her colleagues. c. Her colleagues were admired by her efficiency and diligence. 2. a. With these ridiculous rules will be done away. b.these ridiculous rules will be done away. c. These ridiculous rules will be done away with. 3. a. When were the participants of the conference demonstrated new methods of investigation? b. When new methods of investigation were demonstrated to the participants of the conference? c. When were new methods of investigation demonstrated to the participants of the conference? 4. a. A lot of money was suggested for the implementation of the project. b.a lot of money was offered for the implementation of the project. c. A lot of money were offered for the implementation of the project. 5. a. At Janet s suspicions laught. b.janet s suspicions were laughted at. c. Janet s suspicions were laughed at. II. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. The collector will show us this wonderful work of art. 21

22 22 2. We will offer you one of the apartments for your stay. 3. Catherine told Larry all her news. 4. When did Sarah introduce her younger sister to Mrs. Murphy? 5. They lost sight of the suspect in the crowd. 6. When did they announce the arrival of flight SU 141? 7. I greatly doubt if they will ever arrive at any decision. 8. The tourists always admire this splendid gothic castle. 9. Sir Gawain envied Lancelot his stainless reputation. 10. The knights searched for the Holy Grail but nobody found it. III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Åãî ïîïðîñÿò îáúÿñíèòü ñâîå ñòðàííîå ïîâåäåíèå è, ìîæåò áûòü, ïîòîì åãî ïðîñòÿò. 2. Êîðîëþ Àðòóðó ðàññêàçàëè î íåâåðíîñòè åãî ïåðâîãî ðûöàðÿ. 3. Ñòóäåíòàì îáúÿñíÿò ïðîöåäóðó ñäà è ýêçàìåíîâ (examination procedure) íà ñîáðàíèè. 4. Ïî åìó íàä åãî æàëîáàìè (complaints) ñìåþòñÿ? 5. Òåëåâèçîð âûêëþ èëè, à äåòÿì âåëåëè ëîæèòüñÿ ñïàòü. TEST 4 I. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. An end will be put to these absurd regulations. b.these absurd regulations will be put an end to. c. To these absurd regulations will be put an end. 2. a. Pamela was told about the car crash. b.the car crash was told to Pamela. c. Pamela was said about the car crash. 3. a. Were you teached foreign languages at school? b.were you taught foreign languages at school? c. Was you taught foreign languages at school? 4. a. The news were much spoken about. b.about the news was spoken much. c. The news was much spoken about. 5. a. When will the flight be announced to the passengers? b.when will the passengers be announced the flight? c. When will be the flight announced to the passengers? II. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. Nobody will put up with their constant quarrelling. 2. Uther promised the magician his first born child. 3. King Arthur put an end to Mordred s evil existence.

23 4. Everybody envied Christine her good looks and wealth. 5. Janet described the intruder to the police officers. 6. Vera suggested a more peaceful solution to the committee. 7. Everybody was so agitated that nobody paid any attention to the strange noise. 8. Arthur admired Guinevere s beauty, loyalty and strength of character. 9. They gave the guests a very warm reception. 10. They regularly listen to weather forecasts on the radio. III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Ïðåñòóïíèê èñ åç èç âèäó, êîãäà íåîæèäàííî âûêëþ èëè ñâåò. 2. Ó àñòíèêàì êîíôåðåíöèè ïðîäåìîíñòðèðóþò ïîñëåäíèå àðõåîëîãè- åñêèå (archaeological) íàõîäêè. 3. Ìóæåñòâîì è ñèëîé âîëè êàïèòàíà Ñêîòòà âîñõèùàëèñü. 4. Ïî åìó íà ýòó ñòàòüþ òàê àñòî ññûëàþòñÿ? 5. Íàì ïðåäëîæèëè áîëüøîå âîçíàãðàæäåíèå (reward) çà ýòó èíôîðìàöèþ. TEST 5 I. Choose the correct variant. 1. a. Will the new furniture be demonstrated to the visitors? b.will the visitors be demonstrated the new furniture? c. Will be the new furniture demonstrated to the visitors? 2. a. Her popularity and success was envied by her colleagues. b.her popularity and success was envied by her colleagues. c. Her colleagues were envied by her popularity and success. 3. a. No notice was taken of her complaints. b.her complaints were taken no notice of. c. Her complaints were not taken no notice of. 4. a. What parachutes are made of? b.what of are parachutes made? c. What are parachutes made of? 5. a. The king s wisdom and justice was admired by everybody. b.everybody was admired by the king s wisdom and justice. c. The king s wisdom and justice were admired by everybody. II. Rewrite the sentences in the Passive. Give two passive constructions where it is possible. 1. They excused him his absence at the press conference. 2. The professor explained these new theories to the student. 3. They lost sight of the yacht in the fog. 4. What article do they so often refer to? 5. They showed us the way to the nearest village. 23

24 6. The secretary offered the visitor a cup of coffee. 7. Did Doctor Foster suggest new methods of treatment of this type of cancer to the participants of the conference? 8. It will give us a chance to resolve this problem. 9. Why did they switch off the microwave oven? 10. The school authorities will put an end to the bad discipline. III. Translate the sentences into English. 1. Ó åíèêàì ïðîäèêòîâàëè òåêñò äâà ðàçà, ïîòîì èì âåëåëè íàïèñàòü îòâåòû íà âîïðîñû. 2. Çà öâåòàìè ïîøëþò åðåç 10 ìèíóò. 3. Îëüãà óâåðåíà, òî òàì åé ïðåäëîæàò ïîìîùü è äàäóò ñîâåò. 4. Ïî åìó òû ñ èòàåøü, òî ê òåáå ïðèäèðàþòñÿ? 5. Äàòà ñâàäüáû áûëà ñîãëàñîâàíà? TENSES IN THE PASSIVE VOICE (discuss and build are taken as examples of the main verbs in the passive voice) Present Past Future Future in the Past Indefinite am/is/are was/were shall/will should/would discussed/built discussed/built be discussed/built be discussed/built Continuous am/is/are being was/were being discussed/built discussed/built Perfect have/has been had been shall/will should/would discussed/built discussed/built have been have been discussed/built discussed/built The Perfect Continuous (Present, Past, Future) and Future Continuous are not used in the Passive Voice. 24 COMPARE THE USE OF THE TENSES IN THE PASSIVE VOICE Present Past Future Future in the Past Indefinite am/is/are was/were shall/will should/would This house is Our school was A new supermarket We were told that a built of wood. built in will be built on this new supermarket site next year. would be built on that site the next year. Continuous What is being When we first built on this site arrived in that at present? town, the bridge was being built.

25 Perfect Our new house James said that The house will have James said that the hasn t been built their new house been built by the house would have yet. hadn t been built end of July. been built by the end yet. of July. EXERCISES Exercise 1. Compare the use of the Present tenses in the Passive Voice. Choose the correct variant. 1. This museum usually (a. has been closed, b. is being closed, c. is closed) in winter. 2. These facts (a. are not published, b. have not been published, c. are not being published) yet. 3. Close the door, please. The baby (a. is bathed, b. is being bathed, c. has been bathed). 4. Do you know that tennis (a. is played, b. has been played, c. is being played) for more than a hundred years? 5. Every four years a new president (a. is being elected, b. has been elected, c. is elected) in Russia. 6. What do you feel, when your favourite piece of music (a. has been performed, b. is performed, c. is being performed)? 7. He went away 10 years ago and (a. is not heard of, b. has not been heard of, c. is not being heard of) ever since. 8. Chaplin s jokes still (a. are laughed at, b. are being laughed at, c. have been laughed at). 9. The story of a book often (a. is changed, b. is being changed, c. has been changed) when it (a. is being made, b. has been made, c. is made) into a film. Exercise 2. Compare the use of the Past tenses in the Passive Voice. Choose the correct variant. 1. All his documents (a. were lost, b. were being lost, c. had been lost) during the war. 2. She did not follow the advice she (a. was given, b. was being given, c. had been given). 3. He could not do a thing because he knew he (a. had been watched, b. was being watched, c. was watched). 4. The boy felt that he (a. had been followed, b. was being followed, c. was followed) by someone. 5. Savva Morosov s money (a. was being left, b. was left, c. had been left) to charity. 6. The boy watched how the car (a. was repaired, b. had been repaired, c. was being repaired). 25

26 7. The children were surprised to learn that the Tower of London (a. had been used, b. was used, c. was being used) at times as a prison and a Zoo. 8. Just this very question (a. was discussed, b. was being discussed, c. had been discussed) when I joined in the conversation. 9. Cricket (a. had been played, b. was played, c. was being played) in England before the Normans came. 10. Much (a. was being destroyed, b. had been destroyed, c. was destroyed) in London by the Great Fire in the 17 century. Exercise 3. Compare the use of the Future tenses in the Passive Voice. Choose the correct variant. 1. The construction of the bridge (a. will be finished, b. would be finished, c. will have been finished) before winter comes. 2. The manager said that the money (a. will be spent, b. would be spent, c. will have been spent) on charity. 3. The advertisement (a. will be placed, b. will have been placed, c. would be placed) in the newspaper by the weekend. 4. I am sure a lot of questions (a. will have been asked, b. will be asked, c. would be asked) when he finishes his lecture. 5. Next year the Zoo (a. would be turned, b. will be turned, c. will have been turned) into a safari park. Exercise 4. Choose the correct variant. 1. Great progress (a. has been made, b. was made, c. had been made) for the last two hundred years. 2. Instead of welcoming the invention of the sewing machine, the tailors smashed the sewing machines to pieces as they feared that many of them (a. will be thrown, b. had been thrown, c. would be thrown) out of work. 3. The doctor explained to the patient s family that the exact diagnosis (a. hasn t been made, b. hadn t been made, c. wasn t made) so far. 4. The doctor said that he couldn t suggest methods of treatment until the exact diagnosis (a. was made, b. will be made, c. would be made). 5. I don t know when the news conference (a. will be held, b. is held, c. would be held). 6. All my life (a. was devoted, b. has been devoted, c. is devoted) to the relief of suffering since the day I entered medical school. 7. She looked out the back window to make sure they (a. are not being followed, b. were not followed, c. were not being followed). 8. She (a. hadn t been seen, b. hasn t been seen, c. wasn t seen) since the press conference. 9. It was apparent that the police (a. were informed, b. have been informed, c. had been informed) of the hostage situation. 26

27 10. You can t stop at this hotel now the chess tournament (a. is being held, b. is held, c. has been held) there. 11. This old chest (a. was not opened, b. has not been opened, c. had not been opened) for the last hundred years. Exercise 5. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form in the Passive Voice. 1. The young scientist was very disappointed that he (to forbid) to work on the project. 2. He stopped and made sure he (not to observe) by anyone in the restaurant. 3. I decided to visit a school friend who (to hospitalize) for two months. 4. Where John F. Kennedy (to assassinate)? He (to assassinate) in Dallas. 5. As far as our accommodations are concerned, I have no idea of what to expect, since it (not to discuss). 6. Listen! The Moonlight Sonata (to perform) on the radio. 7. Miles told Edward that his brother would try to kill him as soon as they (to release) from prison. 8. While Victoria and her family (to question) by the detectives, two police dogs were sniffing around the house. 9. The woman wondered fearfully how long it would be before the girl (to discover) in her hiding place. 10. His father (to kill) two months before Francis was born. 11. He was 13 when he (to send off) to Eton College. 12. On making inquiries he discovered that after her parents death the girl (to adopt) by her uncle. 13. He knew that if the truth (to discover), too many lives (to put) at risk. 14. If you work really hard, you (to give) the part you have been dreaming about to play for so long. 15. By the time you arrive at the office, all the documents (to print and to sign). Exercise 6. Open the brackets and use the verbs in the correct tense form of the Active Voice or the Passive Voice. 1. Matilda (to put) in the bottom class where there were eighteen other small boys and girls about the same age. 2. Their teacher (to call) Miss Honey. She was a quiet person who never (to raise) her voice and seldom (to see) to smile. 3. How right you are, Miss Honey said. Pocket calculators (not to allow) in this school anyway. 4. This is the very first day of school for each of you. And six of those years (to spend) right here. 27