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1 E-paper() ETRI
2 Contents? (e-paper vs. Display) : Expectations, History, and Vision : Bistability and Threshold : Particle-based e-paper Systems Future Rod Map
3 Electronic paper vs. Display What is a paperlike display & why is it important?
4 Electronic Paper vs. Display
5 Electronic Paper vs. Display M. Omodani, What is Electronic Paper? The Expectations, SID 04 Digest, 128 (2004). - -, Supervisor: Makoto Omodani, CMC (2005).
6 Electronic Paper vs. Display Reading speed and fatigue levels of Displays <Reading speed> <Eye fatigue> M. Omodani, What is Electronic Paper? The Expectations, SID 04 Digest, 128 (2004). - -, Supervisor: Makoto Omodani, CMC (2005).
7 Electronic Paper vs. Display Concept of readable Electronic Paper -
8 Electronic paper : Expectations, history, Vision
9 Electronic Paper : Vision
10 Electronic Paper : Expectations Grade Properties Merits Applications Elastic Curved Bending Folding M. Omodani, What is Electronic Paper? The Expectations, SID 04 Digest, 128 (2004). - -, Supervisor: Makoto Omodani, CMC (2005).
11 Electronic Paper : History LCD Electrophoretic Display I. Ota (Matsushita Electric Ind.), Electrophoretic Display Device, US patent (1972). : the first patent II. I. Ota, J. Ohnishi, and M. Yoshiyama, Electrophoretic Image Display (EPID) Panel, Proc. IEEE, 61 (7), pp (1973). : the first paper, one particle system, seven segment,
12 Electronic Paper : History
13 Electronic Paper : Applications Display (, ) Display ( ) Display (Mobile Phone, PDA, Webpad ) Paper Display (Mobile Phone, PDA, Webpad ) Newspaper Magazine Books E-Newspaper E-Magazine E-Books D-Paper
14 Bistability and Threshold
15 Bistability and Threshold Segment
16
17 Bistability and Threshold Passive Matrix
18 Bistability and Threshold Active matrix
19 Bistability and Threshold General Display Devices (Monostable) External Force 0 External Force = 0 LCD (normal white) V = 0 : white V 0 : black PDP, OLED (normal black) V 0 : white V = 0 : black
20 Bistability and Threshold Bistable Electronic Devices (with threshold) state ( 0 ) state ( 1 ) Threshold = V th External Force V = V 0 > V th state ( 0 ) state ( 1 ) Threshold = V th External Force V = - V 0 < -V th Threshold = V th External Force V = 0
21 Bistability and Threshold Bistable Electronic Devices (with threshold) Bistable LCDs imod Electrochromic Display SiPix (?) State 1 External Force V = - V 0 < -V th State 0 Threshold = V th External Force V = V 0 > V th External Force V = 0
22 Bistability and Threshold Bistable Electronic Devices (without threshold) State 1 E-ink Gyricon State 0
23 Bistability and Threshold Column 1 Column 2 Passive Matrix and Multiplexing Row 1 V 0 A V 0 Row 1 A B Row 2 V 0 /2 Column 1 0 Column 2 V 0 /2 B V 0 /2 C V 0 /2 D 0 Row 2 C D Initial state Target pattern B A Threshold voltage C D Column 1 Column 2 Row 1 Row 2 (Vt = threshold voltage) final state
24 Bistability and Threshold Column 1 Column 2 Passive Matrix and Multiplexing Row 1 V 0 A V 0 Row 1 A B Row 2 V 0 /2 Column 1 0 Column 2 V 0 /2 B V 0 /2 C V 0 /2 D 0 Row 2 C D Initial state Target pattern B A Threshold voltage C D Column 1 Column 2 Row 1 Row 2 final state
25 Bistability and Threshold Passive Matrix and Multiplexing Col 1 Col 2 Target pattern B A Row 1 C D Row 2 Threshold voltage (Vt = threshold voltage)
26 Bistability and Threshold Passive Matrix and Multiplexing Col 1 Col 2 Target pattern B A Row 1 C D Row 2 Threshold voltage
27 Bistability and Threshold No threshold voltage passive matrix addressing : impossible Necessary to build a non-linear element on each pixel Active Matrix Addressing
28 Electronic Paper Technologies
29 Electronic Paper Technologies Combinations of writing methods and medium transformation modes Medium transformation modes Physical Chemical Electric Magneti c Light Heat Migration Electrophoretic Toner migration Magnetic migration Thermomagneti c Rotation Twisting ball Twisting ball Molecular movement Liquid crystal Liquid crystal Liquid crystal M. Omodani, What is Electronic Paper? The Expectations, SID 04 Digest, 128 (2004). Phase change Micro phase separatio n Structure change Electrodepositio n Electrochromism EL, OLED, PDP, FPD Photochromism Leuco dye Thermochromis m - -, Supervisor: Makoto Omodani, CMC (2005).
30 Electronic Paper Technologies Bistable Liquid Crystal Technologies Electrophoresis-based Technologies Others : MEMS-based Technology, imod (QUALCOMM, Iridigm) (Interferometric Modulation Display Technology) : Electrochromic Technology, Ntera : Electrowetting Technology, liquavista (Philips)
31 imod (interferometric Modulators) technology QUALCOMM (Iridigm Display Corp.) Principles of Operation
32 imod (interferometric Modulators) technology QUALCOMM (Iridigm Display Corp.) Principles of Operation
33 NanoChromics Displays (NCD) technology NTera Structure of NanoChromics
34 NanoChromics Displays (NCD) technology NTera
35 Electrowetting Display liquavista (Philips) Principles of Operation
36 Electrowetting Display liquavista (Philips) Principles of Operation V
37 Electrowetting Display liquavista (Philips) Principles of Operation
38 Electrowetting Display liquavista (Philips) Principles of Operation
39 Electrowetting Display liquavista (Philips)
40 Major Candidates for Electronic Paper Electrophoretic Rotating ball Toner display Reflective LCD E- Ink, Sony, Toppan, Plastic-Logic, Philips Gyricon Bridgestone, Sony, Fuji-Xerox, Kyushu Univ Fujitsu, Kent, e_magin, Sharp, Toshiba
41 ChLCD (Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display) technology Kent Display Principles of Operation
42 ChLCD (Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display) technology Kent Display
43 ChLCD (Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display) technology Kent Display Sunlight readable! Low Power Consumption!
44 ChLCD (Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Display) technology Color Triple Stack Full Color IDW07 EP2-2 Figure 8 Color photo-addressable cholesteric LC electronic paper (Fuji Xerox, IDW07) Size : A6, CR : 6 vs. 1 Thickness : 0.4 mm
45 BiNem (Bistable Nematic) NemOptic
46 SmartPaper (Twisting Ball) technology Gyricon
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