Punctua0on. The Comma, Colon, Semicolon, and Dash, : ;
|
|
- Abner Watts
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Language Proficiency
2 Punctua0on The Comma, Colon, Semicolon, and Dash, : ;
3 Punctua0on Punctua0on less rigid than before Less punctua0on Comma to signal natural pauses; i.e. where you would make a slight pause when speaking the sentence. NB! This doesn t mean that punctua0on is completely without regula0ons.
4 Why Punctuate? The purpose of punctua0on is always to enable readers to see how your thoughts are structured, to assist them in reading the way you intended it. If unsure, keep it simple.
5 Why Punctuate? Do you see the difference in meaning between 1 and 2? 1. The sister, who had taken the course before, could lend Sophie her notes. 2. The sister who had taken the course could lend Sophie her notes.
6 Why punctuate? Restric0ve and non- restric0ve rela0ve (adjec0ve) clauses 1. The sister, who had taken the course before, could lend Sophie her notes. Non- restric0ve clause, i.e. it does not restrict the noun phrase the sister. The rela0ve clause could be omived and it wouldn t affect the meaning: The sister could lend Sophie her notes. (i.e. ONE sister)
7 Why punctuate? Restric0ve and non- restric0ve rela0ve clauses 2. The sister who had taken the course could lend her notes. The rela0ve clause restricts the meaning of the noun phrase; i.e. the meaning would be changed if we omived it. Here the clause specifies a selec0on, one of at least TWO sisters.
8 Independent clause (IC) and dependent clause (DC) Independent clause = a string of words that can func0on as a complete sentence in themselves. Must have subject + predicate. (main clause, simple sentence) Dependent clause = a string of words that can only func0on as part of another sentence; i.e. it func0ons as a clause element.(subordinated, embedded clause)
9 I walk. I walk. (IC) I struggle to make ends meet. I struggle (IC) to make ends meet (DC). (the whole sentence = IC) I know that you will lose. I know (IC) that you will lose (DC). (IC) That I will lose is highly unlikely. That I will lose (DC) is highly unlikely. (only the whole sentence = IC) When we came home to our place. When we came home to our place. (DC)
10 Iden%fying independent and dependent clauses is a good start in order to determine proper punctua%on.
11 The Comma (,) The comma is used to separate independent clauses joined by a coordina0ng conjunc0on (compound sentence).
12 Coordina0ng conjunc0ons (used to link ICs to each other and to indicate their rela0on) For And Nor But Or Yet So (Mnemonic: FANBOYS) E.g. He conceded the loss of the ba/le [IC], but [CC] he had no inten3on of losing the war [IC].
13 Subordina0ng conjunc0ons (used to link DCs to ICs and indicate their rela0on without comma) a8er, although, if, unless, so that, therefore, in spite of, despite, because, etc. I will not go to the party [IC] unless [SC] I can bring my stuffed parrot [DC].
14 The Comma (,) A comma splice is when a comma is used between ICs without a CC: You couldn t see a living soul around [IC], I had a very bad feeling about this [IC]. A run- on sentence (fused sentence) is when no comma or CC is used between ICs: You couldn t see a living soul [IC] I had a very bad feeling about this [IC].
15 The Comma (,) You couldn t see a living soul around. I had a very bad feeling about this. (IC. IC) You couldn t see a living soul around, and I had a very bad feeling about this. (IC, CC IC)
16 The Comma (,) The comma also has the following common uses, acer an introductory phrase or clause (op0onal): Nine months later, she gave birth to an eight- pound miracle. to set off non- essen0al elements (parenthe0cal use): The daughter, Nellie, became a priest twenty years later. between items in a series (serial, Oxford, or Harvard comma) last comma op0onal: Karlstad s main advantages are the beaches, the stores, and the bars. between coordinated adjec0ves: We entered a forest of tall, slender, straight pines. but not between cumula0ve adjec0ves: The old iron lock broke easily. Four small red cars raced the track.
17 1. He lec the scene of the accident and tried to forget that it had happened. 2. Oil which is lighter than water rises to the surface. 3. Miss Marple is a highly intelligent gracious old lady. 4. Nice is a word with many meanings and some of them are contradictory. 5. The contractor tes0fied that the house was completed and that the work had been done properly. 6. Some people refuse to go to the zoo because of pity for the creatures that must live in small cages. 7. Taxicabs that are dirty are illegal in some ci0es. 8. The closet contained worn clothes old shoes and dirty hats. 9. The uninvited guest wore a dark blue tweed suit. 10. Acer surviving this ordeal the trapper felt relieved. 11. Mark Twain's early novels I believe stand the test of 0me. 12. December will never be forgoven. 13. The field was safe enough wasn't it? 14. He replied "I have no idea what you mean." 15. Acer a good washing and grooming the pup looked like a new dog. 16. Because of their opposi0on to ins0tu0ons that force creatures to live in cap0vity some people refuse to go to the zoo. 17. Men who are bald are frequently the ones who are the most authorita0ve on the subject of baldness. 18. Vests which were once popular have been out of vogue for several years. 19. As a celes0al goddess she regulated the course of the heavenly bodies and controlled the alterna0ng seasons. 20. I hope that someday he will learn how to be polite.
18 Answers, He lec the scene of the accident and tried to forget that it had happened. (IC CC DC) 2. Oil, which is lighter than water, rises to the surface. (non- restric0ve rela0ve clause) 3. Miss Marple is a highly intelligent, gracious old lady. (coordinate + cumula0ve adj.) 4. Nice is a word with many meanings, and some of them are contradictory. (IC, CC IC) 5. The contractor tes0fied that the house was completed and that the work had been done properly. (IC CC DC)
19 Answers, Some people refuse to go to the zoo because of pity for the creatures that must live in small cages. (IC SC DC [DC]) 7. Taxicabs that are dirty are illegal in some ci0es. (restric0ve rela0ve clause) 8. The closet contained worn clothes, old shoes, and dirty hats. (serial comma) 9. The uninvited guest wore a dark blue tweed suit. (cumula0ve adj.) 10. Acer surviving this ordeal, the trapper felt relieved. (introductory adverbial [of 0me])
20 Answers, Mark Twain's early novels, I believe, stand the test of 0me. (non- essen0al, parenthe0cal) 12. December 7, 1941, will never be forgoven. (conven0onal, alternately 7 December Choose one of the ways and be consistent) 13. The field was safe enough, wasn't it? (tag ques3on) 14. He replied, "I have no idea what you mean. (introducing quota0ons) 15. Acer a good washing and grooming, the pup looked like a new dog. (introductory adverbial [of 0me])
21 Answers, Because of their opposi0on to ins0tu0ons that force creatures to live in cap0vity, some people refuse to go to the zoo. (introductory adverbial) 17. Men who are bald are frequently the ones who are the most authorita0ve on the subject of baldness. (restric0ve rel. clauses, i.e. a selec3on of men, not all) 18. Vests, which were once popular, have been out of vogue for several years. (non- restric0ve rela0ve clause, i.e. all vests) 19. As a celes0al goddess, she regulated the course of the heavenly bodies and controlled the alterna0ng seasons. (introductory adverbial [of manner], IC CC DC) 20. I hope that someday he will learn how to be polite. (IC DC)
22 Form of numbers Numbers are divided into thousands by commas: Ex. 3,000 or 3,000,000, etc. Excep0ons: years as dates (e.g. not in 1978, but in 15,000 years ago), phone numbers, zip codes, etc. In other words: just as in Swedish, but with comma instead of period.
23 The Colon (:) Colons are (:) used, acer an independent clause that introduces a series of items, A successful climbing expedi3on depends on three crucial elements: physical skill, psychological strength, and the element of luck. but NOT acer a linking verb or preposi0on, The items in my avc are: a box of chocolates, a pair of running shoes, and an old feather. I donated money to: the Red Cross and Doctors without Borders.
24 The Colon (:) The colon is also used to provide a further explana0on to a noun: The friend provided great support: she listened to my problems. (further explains support )
25 The Semicolon (;) The semicolon is used as a strong comma or weak full stop (Björk & Räisänen, Academic Wri3ng 260); e.g. when you want to indicate that two independent clauses, not coordinated by a conjunc0on, are closely related: It s becoming increasingly problema3c to prosecute copyright infringements when nearly everybody downloads; to what extent can normal behavior be regarded as illegal? or between two related independent clauses linked by an adverb or adverbial phrase: He s nice enough as long as everything s going his way; however, he s not pleasant to be around when it s not.
26 The Semicolon (;) Semicolons are also used, as serial comma between items that have internal punctua0on: The small reference library included a few current periodicals, those most o8en read; a set of encyclopedias (the Americana, I believe); several dic3onaries, both abridged and unabridged; and various bibliographical tools.
27 Dashes ( ) are used, The Dash ( ) to emphasize a nonessen0al element: The legacy of Adolf Hitler Europe s lingering headache has recently found new followers. to summarize a sentence: Like a gigan3c whale, a leviathan of aluminum and jet- fuel, it soars the skies of the globe the Boeing 747 is an awesome sight.
Exercise: Commas Add commas as needed in the sentences below.
Exercise: Commas Add commas as needed in the sentences below. 1. Oil which is lighter than water rises to the surface. 2. Madame de Stael was an attractive gracious lady. 3. Nice is a word with many meanings
More informationEnglish 11 Final Exam Review Packet
English 11 Final Exam Review Packet Complete the grammar review assignment pages 1-4 by the end of class. Practice Exercises Clauses In each of the following sentences, label the subject of each clause
More informationIndependent Clause. An independent clause is a group of words that has a subject and a verb that expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself.
Grammar Clauses Independent Clause An independent clause is a group of words that has a subject and a verb that expresses a complete thought and can stand by itself. Dependent (Subordinate) Clause A subordinate
More informationLongman Academic Writing Series 4
Writing Objectives Longman Academic Writing Series 4 Chapter Writing Objectives CHAPTER 1: PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE 1 - Identify the parts of a paragraph - Construct an appropriate topic sentence - Support
More informationWhat s in a name? SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, & COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES
What s in a name? SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX, & COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES Simple Sentences ONE SUBJECT + ONE PREDICATE N + V Simple Sentences Romeo complains. Benvolio listens. They go to a party. Since
More informationPart 1: Writing. Fundamentals of Writing 2 Lesson 5. Sentence Structure: Complex Sentences
Fundamentals of Writing 2 Lesson 5 Here is what you will learn in this lesson: I. Writing: The Sentence Sentence Structure: Complex Sentences Paragraph Writing: Writing to persuade or convince. II. Punctuation:
More informationBasic English. Robert Taggart
Basic English Robert Taggart Table of Contents To the Student.............................................. v Unit 1: Parts of Speech Lesson 1: Nouns............................................ 3 Lesson
More informationRubrics & Checklists
Rubrics & Checklists fulfilling Common Core s for Fifth Grade Opinion Writing Self-evaluation that's easy to use and comprehend Scoring that's based on Common Core expectations Checklists that lead students
More informationwinter but it rained often during the summer
1.) Write out the sentence correctly. Add capitalization and punctuation: end marks, commas, semicolons, apostrophes, underlining, and quotation marks 2.)Identify each clause as independent or dependent.
More informationThe. Punctuation. Detective Agency
A timer at the top of the screen indicates that the slide may have timed elements. The Detective Agency Become an expert on the written underworld Cut out punctuation crime Make punctuation marks work
More informationCambridge First Certificate (FCE) Sentence Transformations- Same or Different
Cambridge First Certificate (FCE) Sentence Transformations- Same or Simplest responses game Without looking below for now, listen to your teacher read out two phrases and race to raise the card if you
More informationEver feel like you re not getting anywhere with your writing???
Ever feel like you re not getting anywhere with your writing??? The Sentence Once a writer knows the difference between the sentence types (simple, compound, complex, compound complex), it is possible
More informationAO6 Secure Therapy Set 1. Sentences and Punctuation
AO6 Secure Therapy Set 1 Sentences and Punctuation Simple sentences are not necessarily short sentences as they may include adjectives and/or adverbs. They may also include prepositional phrases. Which
More informationGrammar Slammer 1: Punctua0on
Grammar Slammer 1: Punctua0on Punctua0on Don t punctuate unless you know exactly why you re doing it. Don t rely on feelings. When in doubt, leave it out. Commas Rule 1 Use a comma in a compound sentence
More informationFragments, Run-ons and Comma Splices
Fragments, Run-ons and Comma Splices Can you make sense of the following paragraph? Our teacher is pregnant and her last day of work is on Friday she is really going to miss us. Because she loves teaching
More informationBusiness Writing Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational Development Human Resources Department
Business Writing Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational Development Human Resources Department Module 3 Business Writing Firefly Electric and Lighting Corp. Training and Organizational
More informationEnglish Skills Practice and Apply: Grade 5
English Skills Practice and Apply: Grade 5 BY DEBORAH BROADWATER COPYRIGHT 2000 Mark Twain Media, Inc. ISBN 978-1-58037-809-3 Printing No. 1342-EB Mark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers Distributed by Carson-Dellosa
More informationRead the instructions at the beginning of each of the sections below on common sentence errors, then complete the practice exercises which follow.
English 9 Unit 3 Worksheet DIRECTIONS: Read the instructions at the beginning of each of the sections below on common sentence errors, then complete the practice exercises which follow. PART A Sentence
More informationGrade 9 Final Exam Review. June 2017
Grade 9 Final Exam Review June 2017 ELEMENTS OF FICTION Review Day 1 PLOT DIAGRAM REVIEW Climax Rising Action Falling Action Resolution Exposition Plot is described as the events in a story. It has a beginning,
More informationCoordination in the Compound Sentences. By: Samantha Dobbin and Jillian Kornberger
Coordination in the Compound Sentences By: Samantha Dobbin and Jillian Kornberger What is Coordination in the Compound Sentence? Coordination confers equal value and significance on two or more elements
More informationPunctuation Review, Part 1 by Glynnis Whiter
Punctuation Review, Part 1 by Glynnis Whiter What is Punctuation? The marks, such as period, comma, and parentheses, used in writing to separate sentences and their elements and to clarify meaning. Punctuation
More informationA Quick Guide to Punctuation
A Quick Guide to Punctuation COMMAS The comma is probably the most abused mark of punctuation. Not a small portion of the abuse is due to the high school teacher's maxim "If you pause when you read the
More informationWeek 3 10/12/11. Book p Booklet p.26. -Commands can be affirmative or negative. -the subject you is not stated.
Week 3 Book p. 118-149 Booklet p.26 - -Commands can be affirmative or negative. -the subject you is not stated. - AFFIRMATIVE COMMANDS: Shut the door now - NEGATIVE COMMANDS: Don t go outside Don t be
More informationAO6 Base Therapy Set 1. Sentences and Punctuation. Understanding sentences enables you to understand where to add punctuation.
AO6 Base Therapy Set 1 Sentences and Punctuation Understanding sentences enables you to understand where to add punctuation. Let s begin with some revision of simple sentences. Remember, a simple sentence
More informationWhen is it appropriate to use a colon? When is it inappropriate to use a colon? When is it appropriate to use a dash?
Questions for Review What is a colon? What is a dash? When is it appropriate to use a colon? When is it inappropriate to use a colon? When is it appropriate to use a dash? Why should writers beware overusing
More informationAbsolute Possessive Pronouns. Possessive Pronouns as Adjectives
A. A pronoun replaces a noun in a sentence. A possessive pronoun shows ownership. Absolute Possessive Pronouns mine yours his hers ours theirs Underline the correct possessive pronoun that completes the
More informationSpeech & Language Homework Parent Le)er
Parent Le)er Dear Parent, The more that your child prac9ces using good language skills at home, the easier and more natural they will become! These homework pages were designed to be completed each week.
More informationGrammar Flash Cards 3rd Edition Update Cards UPDATE FILE CONTENTS PRINTING TIPS
Grammar Flash Cards 3rd Edition Update Cards UPDATE FILE CONTENTS Pages 2-9 New cards Pages 10-15 Cards with content revisions Pages 16-19 Cards with minor revisions PRINTING TIPS 1. This file is designed
More informationModifiers. Directions Write adverb, adjective, or prepositional phrase to identify each underlined modifier. 1. Most bats fly quickly.
Modifiers Adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases are modifiers, words or groups of words that tell more about, or modify, other words in a sentence. Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns. Adverbs
More informationUnderstanding Fragments and Run-ons. Created by D. Herring (for the Brenham Writing Room) Adapted by C. Iddings (for NYCCT)
Understanding Fragments and Run-ons Created by D. Herring (for the Brenham Writing Room) Adapted by C. Iddings (for NYCCT) Review: What is a Sentence? Remember that a sentence has a subject & a verb, and
More informationTHE 3 SENTENCE TYPES. Simple, Compound, & Complex Sentences
THE 3 SENTENCE TYPES Simple, Compound, & Complex Sentences LOOK AT THE SENTENCES. WHAT IS A COMPOUND SENTENCE? WHAT IS A SIMPLE SENTENCE? SIMPLE I love to eat. We have cows and horses. John studies math.
More informationConquering the Comma. A workshop brought to you by the Purdue University Writing Lab. Purdue University Writing Lab
Conquering the Comma A workshop brought to you by the Purdue University Writing Lab What Is a Comma? A comma is a punctuation mark that indicates a pause is needed in a sentence. Commas help to clarify
More informationPattern 1a. S V; however, S V. Examples:
Pattern 1~ Compound sentence: semicolon, no conjunction (two short, related sentences now joined) S V; S V Linda, try on these jeans; they seem to be your size. Reading is the easy part; remembering takes
More informationRun-on Sentences and Comma Splices. Angela Gulick CAS Writing Specialist June 2015
Run-on Sentences and Comma Splices Angela Gulick CAS Writing Specialist June 2015 What Is a Sentence? A complete sentence is made up of two or more parts: 1. A subject (who or what the sentence is about)
More informationFix It! Grammar Placement Tests
Placement Test 1: The Nose Tree Because every book in Fix It! Grammar is foundational to the book after it, our recommendation is that all students begin with the first book: The Nose Tree. Each book includes
More informationPunctuation and Capitalization Flipper 1. End Punctuation-Sentences
Front Punctuation and Capitalization Flipper 1. End Punctuation-Sentences 1. End Punctuation-Sentences Back Use a period after a sentence that states a fact or gives a command. (declarative or imperative)
More informationMECHANICS STANDARDS IN ENGINEERING WRITING
MECHANICS STANDARDS IN ENGINEERING WRITING The following list reflects the most common grammar and punctuation errors I see in student writing. Avoid these problems when you write professionally. GRAMMAR
More informationDirections: Review the following SIX common grammar mistakes that writers make and complete the worksheet section associated with each error.
English IV Dual Enrollment: Summer Assignment 2018 Mr. Zerby Directions: Review the following SIX common grammar mistakes that writers make and complete the worksheet section associated with each error.
More informationComplex Sentence. with an adverbial clause. Writing 1 Sari Hidayati, M.A
Complex Sentence with an adverbial clause Writing 1 Sari Hidayati, M.A sari_hid@yahoo.com/ sari_hidayati@uny.ac.id A complex sentence : A sentence that consists of independent clause (main clause) and
More informationI. Colons A colon usually introduces a list. When used in the text of a sentence...
I. Colons A colon usually introduces a list. When used in the text of a sentence... 1) The colon must be a necessary part of the sentence. (If the sentence makes sense without the colon, you don t need
More informationColons and Semicolons! & one comma rule!
Colons and Semicolons! & one comma rule! Rule #1 Formula IC + : + List Colon Rule #1 Use a colon to introduce a list of items, sentences, ideas, etc. I enjoy a variety of items: socks, books, and mice.
More informationDependent Clause (Subordinate Clause) Complex Sentence. Compound Sentence. Coordinating Conjunctions
Simple Sentence Clause Compound Sentence Independent Clause Complex Sentence Dependent Clause (Subordinate Clause) Compound-Complex Sentence Coordinating Conjunctions a group of words that contains both
More informationGrammar Glossary. Active: Somebody saw you. We must find them. I have repaired it. Passive: You were seen. They must be found. It has been repaired.
Grammar Glossary Active and passive Many verbs can be both active and passive. For example, bite: The dog bit Ben. (Active) Ben was bitten by the dog. (Passive) In the active sentence, the subject (the
More informationPunctuation Review, Part 1. By Glynnis Whitwer! Compel Training
Punctuation Review, Part 1 By Glynnis Whitwer Compel Training What is Punctuation?? - The marks, such as period, comma and parentheses, used in writing to separate sentences and their elements and to clarify
More information_GCPS_04_ELA_All_Domains (_GCPS_04_ELA_All_Domains)
Name: Date: 1. Which sentence should be removed from the paragraph? 1 We had a surprise party for Aunt Mary's birthday. 2 We decorated her house with balloons and signs. 3 Mom made a big birthday cake
More informationPage 1. Tomorrow, we could go for a walk play games indoors. Tick one. when. because. We had to hurry because the bus was about to leave.
Q1. Tick the correct word to complete the sentence below. Tomorrow, we could go for a walk play games indoors. when or because if Q2. Circle the connective in the sentence below. We had to hurry because
More informationCAPITALIZATION AND PUNCTUATION. Week 17-23
CAPITALIZATION AND PUNCTUATION Week 17-23 CORRECT SENTENCES When you write, you must show where each sentence starts and ends. Capital letters show where a sentence starts and End Marks show where it ends.
More informationComma Splices and Fused Sentences
San José State University Writing Center www.sjsu.edu/writingcenter Written by Crystle Bruno Revised by Cindy Baer Comma Splices and Fused Sentences Comma splices and fused sentences are common punctuation
More informationChapter 3 10/8/11. Vocabulary Chart. Wri<ng a descrip<ve paragraph
Vocabulary Chart Nouns Verbs Adjec/ves Other Chapter 3 Part 1-2 mixture Wri
More informationUseful Definitions. a e i o u. Vowels. Verbs (doing words) run jump
Contents Page Useful Definitions 2 Types of Sentences 3 Simple and Compound Sentences 4 Punctuation Marks 6 Full stop 7 Exclamation Mark 7 Question Mark 7 Comma 8 Speech Marks 9 Colons 11 Semi-colons 11
More informationIndependent and Subordinate Clauses
Independent and Subordinate Clauses What They Are and How to Use Them By: Kalli Bradshaw Do you remember the difference between a subject and a predicate? Identify the subject and predicate in this sentence:
More informationPart 1: Writing Identifying and Fixing Sentence Fragments and Run-on Sentences:
Fundamentals of Writing 2 Lesson 2 Here is what you will learn in this lesson: I. Writing: The Sentence Sentence Writing: Identifying and fixing sentence fragments and runon sentences. Paragraph Writing:
More informationSTEPS TO SUCCESSFUL WRITING
STEPS TO SUCCESSFUL WRITING "What is written without effort is read without pleasure." Samuel Johnson Writing a composition is a process. 1. Brainstorm for ideas in English or Spanish. Use the wh-words
More informationsemicolon colon apostrophe parentheses dash italics quotation marks
PUNCTUATION semicolon colon apostrophe parentheses dash italics quotation marks Use a SEMICOLON 1. Between independent clauses not joined by coordinating conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
More informationPunctuation Parts 1 & 2 E N G L I S H 2 1 M S. B R O W N
Punctuation Parts 1 & 2 E N G L I S H 2 1 M S. B R O W N Presentation Outline Why is punctuation important? How are punctuation marks used? At the end of a sentence Within a sentence What are some punctuation
More informationEditing and Proofreading 101. Updated July 2015
Editing and Proofreading 101 Updated July 2015 1 Editing vs Proofreading Edit: to prepare a document for publication by altering, adapting, and refining it (often substantive changes) Proofread: to read
More informationStaveley C E Primary School. Support your child at home with Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar Years 5 and 6
Staveley C E Primary School Support your child at home with Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar Years 5 and 6 Speaking Before children are able to use correct punctuation in their writing they need to be
More informationWrite It Right: Brenda Lyons, Ed.D. Say It Right
Write It Right: Brenda Lyons Ed.D Say It Right WRITE IT RIGHT: SAY IT RIGHT Many years ago when I served as the Associate Superintendent for Secondary Education in Edmond I became concerned about the many
More informationPUNCTUATION. Copyright by Pearson Education, publishing as Longman Aaron, The Little, Brown Compact Handbook, Sixth Edition
PUNCTUATION PRINCIPAL USES OF THE COMMA Separate main clauses linked by a coordinating conjunction Set off most introductory elements Set off nonessential elements Separate items in a series Separate coordinate
More informationEnglish Grammar and Punctuation
English KS2 2016 Key Stage 2 National Curriculum Tests English Grammar and Punctuation Paper 1: Revision Test 3 First Name Middle Name Last Name Date of Birth Day Month Year School Name DfE Number Name:
More informationREVIEW: SENTENCE ADVERBS
REVIEW: SENTENCE ADVERBS Occur at the beginning, middle, end Beginning or end = comma Middle Position After Be verb: I am basically in favor of that. After modals: I have to basically agree with the plan.
More informationGrammar is a way of thinking about language. Grammar is a way of thinking about language.
MAGIC LENS The Easiest and Least Time- Consuming Way for Students to Learn Grammar and Not Just Repeat Things That Have Been Done in the Classroom for the Past Six Years Grammar is a way of thinking about
More informationKEEP THIS STUDY GUIDE FOR ALL OF UNIT 4.
1 KEEP THIS STUDY GUIDE FOR ALL OF UNIT 4. Student Name Section LA- Study Guide for Collections Unit 4, Risk and Exploration Argument (p. 189) a supported by reasons and evidence for the purpose of convincing
More informationSkill-Builders. Grades 4 5. Grammar & Usage. Writer Sarah Guare. Editorial Director Susan A. Blair. Project Manager Erica L.
Daily Skill-Builders Grammar & Usage Grades 4 5 Writer Sarah Guare Editorial Director Susan A. Blair Project Manager Erica L. Varney Cover Designer Roman Laszok Interior Designer Mark Sayer Production
More informationUnit 2 The Parrot. 2A Introduction. 2B Song Lyrics. attractive / captivity / carefree / coax / desire / frantic / plead / release / tragic / vast
Unit 2 The Parrot attractive / captivity / carefree / coax / desire / frantic / plead / release / tragic / vast 2A Introduction This is the story of a parrot who lived in the jungle. She lived a simple
More informationDistrict of Columbia Standards (Grade 9)
District of Columbia s (Grade 9) This chart correlates the District of Columbia s to the chapters of The Essential Guide to Language, Writing, and Literature, Blue Level. 9.EL.1 Identify nominalized, adjectival,
More informationDEPARTMENT OF AFRICAN AND GENERAL STUDIES UDS WA GEN 101 LECTURE 3
DEPARTMENT OF AFRICAN AND GENERAL STUDIES UDS WA AMBIGUITIES GEN 101 LECTURE 3 A sentence or part of a sentence is ambiguous when it conveys more than one meaning. There are times when an ambiguous meaning
More informationLauderdale County School District Pacing Guide Sixth Grade Language Arts / Reading First Nine Weeks
First Nine Weeks c. Stories and retellings d. Letters d. 4 Presentations 4a. Nouns: singular, plural, common/proper, singular possessive compound (one word: bookcase), hyphenated words 4a. Verbs: action
More informationKey Stage 2 example test paper
Key Stage 2 example test paper Circle the adjective in the sentence below. Heavy rain fell through the night. 2 Circle all the words that should have a capital letter in the sentence below. the duke of
More informationGrammar, punctuation and spelling
En KEY STAGE 2 LEVEL 6 English tests Grammar, punctuation and spelling Paper 2: Short answer questions First name Middle name 2013 Last name Date of birth Day Month Year School name DfE number Sourced
More information11th Grade ACT Grammar Pre-Test
11th Grade ACT Grammar Pre-Test Matching Directions: Match the grammar rule to its definition. 1. a person, place, thing, object, or idea. 2. an action, state, or occurrence 3. subject and a predicate
More informationSentence Types and Punctuation. Miss Dana Aicha Shaaban Section Head of Writing Support Writing Lab Student Learning Support Center
Sentence Types and Punctuation Miss Dana Aicha Shaaban Section Head of Writing Support Writing Lab Student Learning Support Center Sentences Punctuation Appendix (Worksheet) Four Types of Sentences 1.
More informationRUN-ONS & COMMA SPLICES S-8
A run-on sentence is two sentences written as one with no punctuation between the two sentences. A comma splice is two sentences written with a comma separating the two sentences. The only difference between
More informationReference: Creating Compound and complex sentences (Ch5 and 6) contrast/compare
Reference: Creating Compound and complex sentences (Ch5 and 6) Coordinate Conjunctions (FANBOYS) To Add information Show choice or contrast/compare Show result or reason, and, but, for, yet, so, nor, or
More informationCommas. Sentence Combining When you are joining ideas, phrases or clauses within a sentence, you often will use a comma for punctuation.
Commas Explanation Commas have many uses in the English language. They are responsible for everything from setting apart items in a series to making your writing clearer and preventing misreading. Correct
More informationJumpstarters for Capitalization & Punctuation
Jumpstarters for Capitalization & Punctuation Short Daily Warm-ups for the Classroom By CINDY BARDEN COPYRIGHT 2007 Mark Twain Media, Inc. ISBN 978-1-58037-431-6 Printing No. CD-404078 Mark Twain Media,
More informationCharacter Analysis Essay
Character Analysis Essay Assignment: Your task is to write a five paragraph character analysis essay about a character in the story you read. Once you have chosen a character to analyze, choose three adjectives
More information6 th Grade ELA Post-Test Study Guide Semester One
6 th Grade ELA Post-Test Study Guide Semester One TYPES OF SENTENCES Simple sentences have one independent clause (subject, predicate, complete thought). Compound sentences contain two independent clauses
More information10 Common Grammatical Errors and How to Fix Them
10 Common Grammatical Errors and How to Fix Them 1. Agreement Errors The subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number (singular vs. plural) and person (first, second, or third person). Pronouns
More informationDo you sprinkle commas everywhere? Or, do you never use commas for fear of misusing commas?
Commas Do you sprinkle commas everywhere? Or, do you never use commas for fear of misusing commas? Commas save lives! Let s eat Mom. Or Let s eat, Mom Use commas with forms of address. Address= speaking
More informationPunctuation Survival Guide
Apostrophes Apostrophes help us Make singular and plural nouns show ownership Make compound nouns show ownership Show joint ownership and multiple possessives Show where letters are missing in contractions
More informationTarget Vocabulary (Underlining indicates a word or word form from the Academic Word
Chapter 7 Target Vocabulary (Underlining indicates a word or word form from the Academic Word List) arrange v.: to put things in a particular position or order assure v.: to tell someone that something
More informationSentence Elements Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. Business English, 11e, by Mary Ellen Guffey and Carolyn Seefer 2-2
Chapter 2 Sentences 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product
More informationTo the Instructor Acknowledgments What Is the Least You Should Know? p. 1 Spelling and Word Choice p. 3 Your Own List of Misspelled Words p.
To the Instructor p. ix Acknowledgments p. x What Is the Least You Should Know? p. 1 Spelling and Word Choice p. 3 Your Own List of Misspelled Words p. 4 Words That Can Be Broken into Parts p. 4 Guidelines
More informationUGRC 110 Academic Writing
UGRC 110 Academic Writing Session 9 Revising Your Essay Lecturer: Dr. David Odoi, LANGUAGE CENTRE Contact Information: daodoi@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education
More informationSOL Testing Targets Sentence Formation/Grammar/Mechanics
SOL Testing Targets Sentence Formation/Grammar/Mechanics For the Virginia Writing SOL tests, all surface features of writing are in one large domain the usage/mechanics domain. As a result, the list of
More informationSouth Avenue Primary School. Name: New Document 1. Class: Date: 44 minutes. Time: 44 marks. Marks: Comments: Page 1
New Document 1 Name: Class: Date: Time: 44 minutes Marks: 44 marks Comments: Page 1 Q1. Which two sentences contain a preposition? Tick two. He walked really quickly. The horse munched his hay happily.
More informationIntroduction to Sentence Structures
Introduction to Sentence Structures Language is made of sounds, words, phrases, clauses, sentences, paragraphs, and even more complex pieces (such as essays, chapters, and books). GETTING STARTED Choose
More informationPUNCTUATION RULES FIFTH GROUP
PUNCTUATION RULES FIFTH GROUP LECTURER: NS. WIWIL KURNIA ILHAM, S. KEP NAMES OF GROUP MEMBERS : KARMIZA (1110324062) ANIKE FITRIYENI (1110324063) RIZA WAHYUNI (1110324064) DENI USMAN RASYID (1110324065)
More informationUnderstanding Sentences
Understanding Sentences The Building Blocks of Language The Punctuation Hierarchy For Writing Compound Sentences: For Writing Complex Sentences: 2 For Joining Two Independent Clauses: accordingly next
More informationGraphic Texts And Grammar Questions
Graphic Texts And Grammar Questions What will it look like? Graphic Text include both print text (Fewer than 150 words) and visual/graphic components Types of Possible Visuals: Diagrams Maps Charts Graphs
More information************************************************
INCOMPLETE, MORE IN MECHANICS 8 Conventions 12: Complete Sentences, Fragments, Run-Ons. Spelling: ABSENCE I. Complete Sentences Complete sentences have a subject and a predicate. A subject is someone or
More informationForty-Four Editing Reminders
Forty-Four Editing Reminders CONTENT AND PARAGRAPHS 1. Don t write long introductions: In the first paragraph, set up the Big Picture. 2. In the Setup, briefly set up your Main Sub-points (Main Sub-points
More informationEditing Checklist. Step-by-step: how to write like an academic
Editing Checklist Step-by-step: how to write like an academic MLA format Your heading needs to be in the LEFT top corner, but not in the header: Trixie Danger Your name Ms. Boeh Teacher s name English
More informationConquering the Comma
Conquering the Comma Sentence Structure: Compound Sentence The comma in a compound sentence is placed before the coordinating conjunction. S V conj. Andy built snowman, and Andy built a snowman, and Jeff
More informationCambridge International Examinations Cambridge Primary Checkpoint
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge Primary Checkpoint ENGLISH 0844/0 Paper April 06 MARK SCHEME Maximum Mark: 50 This document consists of 4 printed pages. IB6 05_0844_0/RP UCLES 06 [Turn over
More information63 In QetQ example, heart is classified as noun: singular, common, abstract Homophones: sea/sea 68 Homophones: sea/see
C lassical onversations MULTIMEDIA ESSENTIALS of the English Language Fourth edition changes from 2011 edition to 2015 (revised) edition Essentials of the English Language (EEL) leads parents and students
More informationYear 8 End of Year Revision Booklet
Year 8 End of Year Revision Booklet Reading Section: In the Reading Section, you will be given an extract from Romeo and Juliet to analyse. You will be asked to think about the choices Shakespeare made
More informationPunctuation for Research-Based Essays
Punctuation for Research-Based Essays Research: Getting your reader informed Joining a conversation of researchers and writers already in progress. Catching up on what s been learned or said so far. This
More informationINDEX. classical works 60 sources without pagination 60 sources without date 60 quotation citations 60-61
149 INDEX Abstract 7-8, 11 Process for developing 7-8 Format for APA journals 8 BYU abstract format 11 Active vs. passive voice 120-121 Appropriate uses 120-121 Distinction between 120 Alignment of text
More information