Practice Final Exam. 1. topic sentence. 2. supporting information. 3. source. 4. to cite. 5. in-text citation. 6. references. 7.

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1 Writing 8 Practice Final Exam Name: I. Terminology. We have used a lot of vocabulary to discuss writing. Match each definition from the box to the correct word by writing the letter of the definition in the blank before the word. 1. topic sentence 2. supporting information 3. source 4. to cite 5. in-text citation 6. references 7. quote 8. signal phrase 9. paraphrase 10. rhetorical style 11. rough draft 12. revise 13. edit 14. peer review 15. thesis statement 16. introductory paragraph 17. background paragraph 18. body paragraphs 19. concluding paragraph A. Use of the exact words of another person. B. A rough version of a paper that needs revision and editing. C. Primary reference from which supporting information was found. D. Facts, expert opinions, observations, examples and descriptions. E. The main part of a paper that develops the essay s topic. F. Words that signal that an idea presented belongs to someone other than the writer: The writer declares, or According to X,... G. Correct the sentence structure, grammar, spelling, and punctuation in an essay. H. Restate another writer s idea(s) or reported facts in your own way. I. What you are trying to achieve in an essay, for example, to inform, explore, advise, or persuade. J. A paragraph that summarizes main points presented in a paper. K. To provide the source of outside information used in an essay. L. Contains historical, factual information to give a basic understanding of a paper s topic. M. A list of sources in alphabetical order at the end of the essay. N. Improve a paper by changing the organization and development. O. The part of a paragraph that contains the paragraph s main topic. P. The part of an academic paper that contains the paper s main idea, reveals the writer s opinion, and indicates the writing style Q. A paragraph that catches the reader s attention and states the topic (main idea) and focus of the paper. R. Recommendations from your classmates to improve your paper. S. Identification of sources included in parentheses within the essay.

2 III. Analyze an Introductory Paragraph Read the paragraph and answer the questions that follow. (Notice that each sentence is numbered for easy reference.). Introductory Paragraph: The 14 th Amendment 1 Equal protection Representation Life, liberty, and property Due process of law 2 Such phrases from the U.S. Constitution often appear in newspapers, on television, and in movies. 3 Thus, most citizens of the United States have heard these common expressions and use them in their daily conversations. 4 The words above are all found in the 14 th Amendment, one that is often quoted because it is vital to the values and practices of all Americans. 5 the 13 th Amendment may be considered more famous or important because it freed the slaves at the end of the American Civil War, it was the 14 th Amendment, ratified in 1868, that guaranteed proper treatment of former slaves as full citizens of this country. 6 It was the 14 th Amendment that civil rights leaders pointed to in their fight for justice nearly a hundred years later as well. 7 Demanding equal opportunity in all aspects of life, government officials, social activists, and citizens groups who believe strongly in the 14 th Amendment have achieved continued success since the 1960s. 8 This paper illustrates various ways the guarantees outlined in the 14 th Amendment are currently upheld in educational institutions, in the work place, and in lifestyle choices. 1. Write the number of the sentence that corresponds to each of the following: a. A general statement introduces the broad topic (the Constitution). b. The topic is narrowed to 14 th Amendment with an explanation of its importance. c. The thesis statement outlines aspects to be discussed in the essay. 2. a. Copy the topic (main idea) in the thesis statement here. (3 points) b. Copy the main ideas that form parallel structures in the thesis statement here. (3 points) 3. Write three questions the reader would expect to be answered in this essay. (2 points each) Which of the following words best fills in the blank in Sentence #5? Circle your answer. (3 points) a. Even if b. Not only c. Although d. Despite

3 5. General Structure Questions a. What two different pronouns in sentence 4 are used to replace the words 14 th Amendment? (2 points each) b. What transition word within the first five sentences signals that a logical result follows general information? (2 points) c. How many times is the topic, the 14 th Amendment, repeated in the paragraph? (2 points) d. Which verb tense within sentences 5-8 signals a connection from past to present and/or future actions? (2 points) Summary. Read this short passage and write a one-sentence summary. 1. All winter, the ducks live a very different life than they had enjoyed during the lush summer months. Now, the black water will freeze around their feet unless they paddle without stopping. Now, the fat insects are gone. Their diet is limited and they become thin under the fluffy feathers which hide their frail, bony bodies. It is this waterproof down which both makes them appear plump and keeps them alive. Your Summary: Paraphrase. Now, paraphrase these sentences. 2. Their diet is limited and they become thin under the fluffy feathers which hide their frail, bony bodies. Your Paraphrase: Quotation. Write a sentence including a direct quotation with a signal phrase and citation. The author is Dr. Augusta Quicke.

4 Signal phrases. What are signal phrases? Write some examples. Parenthetical citation. What is it? What goes in it? Where is the period? A: Give an example for this quote by the author Willam Bledsoe, from an article on the website Discover.com titled Lousiana s Levees. Show me the punctuation carefully. One expert says that the problem is irreversible and unforgivable B: Give an example for this quote from the article Nathaniel Street, from Time Magazine, with no author known. Show me the punctuation carefully. One historian claims that New Orleans has a history soaked with blood, rum, and swamp water in equal parts Works Cited Page. There are 3 problems with this Works Cited entry. Circle each Howard C. Greenblatt. The New York Times. Kenya Writes New Chapter for History Books. February 12, Lexis Nexis Database. PCC Library, Portland OR. 28 Nov Works Cited Page. There are 3 problems with this Works Cited entry. Write a new, correct entry. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Sugar substitutes. en.wikipedia.org. March 12, Web. 28 Feb Write a Works Cited entry for Fast Food Nation.

5 Write a Works Cited entry for a Wikipedia page titles Food Coloring. (Yes, actually go to the computer and look up the page.) Here are some titles. Each has a problem. Rewrite them so that they are better. 1. Argument Essay: Cloning. 2. Gambling has three Bad effects 3. What do you think? Research Questions 1. What are the differences between paraphrasing, summarizing and quoting? 2. How do you choose when to use each one? 3. Why use paraphrases, quotes and summaries? 4. What special formatting does each use? 5. What is plagiarism? 6. How can you avoid plagiarism? 7. Why should you use EBSCOHost instead of Google? 8. What s the basic format for a Works Cited entry? 9. How can you see the difference between a writer s given (first) name and their family (last) name? Summary Paper: Tell me some facts about this writing type: explain its purpose and how to write it effectively. Extended Definition Essay: Tell me some facts about this writing type: explain its purpose and how to write it effectively Personal Interview: How do you do this well? What must you tell the reader about the interviewee? Cause-Effect Essay: Tell me some facts about this writing type: explain its purpose and how to write it effectively.

6 Problem-Solution Essay: Tell me some facts about this writing type: explain its purpose and how to write it effectively. Argument Essay: Tell me some facts about this writing type: explain its purpose and how to write it effectively. More about Argument Essays and Argument Research Papers 1) Write 2 argument thesis statements for the following topic. 2 points each A: Gay marriage: write a thesis statement in support of gay marriage. B: Gay marriage: write a thesis statement against gay marriage. 2) Write a few sentences explaining the Argument essay. What is special about this essay type? What is its job? What special parts does it have? (Hint: there are 3 special sections in the Body.) 3) What is a Counter-argument? What special transitions are used with a counter-argument? Part 2: Grammar Fragments, Run-ons, and Comma Splices: Write one example of each error Fragment: Run-on: Comma splice: What time period is being discussed: past, present, or future? Check one. 1. If I have time, I watch videos. past present future 2. If I had time, I would watch a video. past present future 3. If I hadn t watched a video, I wouldn t be behind on my paper now. past present future

7 4. If I d been you, I would have skipped the video. past present future 5. If I have time, I ll watch a video. past present future Fill in the blank with the right tense of get or be and explain why you chose that verb. 1) They married last year. 2) The song written in ) The song recorded after a lot of struggle. 4) People opposed to the new law. 5) Nobody cared initially, but after the politician gave many speeches against the topic, people convinced to oppose it. 6) Romance novels written mostly by women. Agreement. Put in the correct form of the verb in parentheses. 7) My teacher, like so many other teachers at colleges on the West Coast, that all homework be typed. (insist) 8) The current president, whose wealth and power from owning oil companies, has started a war. (come) 9) There a certain number of people who disagree with that plan. (be) 10) Here's one of the many, many reasons that the student for cheating when I spoke to her: "Everybody else does it, too." (give) 11) Tattooing your face a person a lot of attention. (bring) Parts of Speech. Underline the complete subject and verb; circle any objects. 1. The three finalists of the figure-skating competition are waiting to be given their prizes. 2. In the garage sits a shiny new motorcycle. 3. The early worm is sometimes caught by the early bird. 4. Justifying a fault doubles it. 5. The little snake studies the ways of the big serpent. Change the underlined sentences: active to passive, passive to active if possible. Don t change the tense! 1. At school, teachers told immigrant children not to speak any language but English. 2. The party is over; all the food has been eaten. 3. The right of a free education is taken for granted by many. 4. Kiza divorced Ricardo after twelve bad years of marriage.

8 5. You should run a few miles a day to practice for the race. Transition Words and Connectors. Fill in the blanks with correct transition words and connectors. You may need clause markers or FANBOYs. my brother denies it, he s really quite superstitious., he always puts a lucky charm in his pocket he leaves to take an exam. a football tournament begins, he won t shave it has ended. He stays home on Friday the Thirteenth he can avoid bad luck., of course, he won t walk under a ladder he s sure that will cause trouble., he s asked about this behavior, he says he s just being careful, not superstitious! Comma Rules, Fragments, Run-ons, and Comma Splices Correct the following sentences. 0. In Hollywood, she knew many famous people. Such as George Clooney and Cher. 1. Nuclear waste is dangerous, this is an undisputable fact. During training, I was told not only what to do but to think. 2. It s wise to learn from your own mistakes it s wiser to learn from the mistakes of others. 3. Although my spoken Chinese is pretty good. I can t read the written language at all. 4. The child throws terrible tantrums. Like lying on his back, screaming, or slamming all the doors. 5. In high school, vandalism can result in suspension or even being expelled from school. To give my family a secure, comfortable life. That is my goal. 6. The black widow spider is really a widow, she eats her partner after mating. 7. It is more difficult to sustain an exercise program, than to start one. Reported Speech and Quotation. Correct the 4 errors in the following paragraph. 8. I recently saw a program on TV about a new exhibit of traditional textiles and fabrics. The interviewer, a young man, was talking with the exhibit s organizer and asked what did the exhibit include besides things like blankets and clothing. The organizer explained, That because traditional textiles are rich in symbolism and color, they have influenced certain artists. She told that because of this influence, the exhibit included works by painters who had been influenced by woven designs. I remember thinking at the time, That s very

9 interesting. I d love to see this exhibit. The organizer added, The show would continue until the end of June. I can t wait to see it! Combine each pair of sentences. Use a subject or object relative clause with who or which. The exam was the most difficult of the year. Karen passed it easily. There are specific rules. You are required to follow them. The woman won a prestigious award. She gives piano lessons to my brother. The city hired a traffic consultant. He made some excellent suggestions. The flood caused significant damage in our area. It was the result of Hurricane Ivan. Adjective Clauses. Choose the best clause marker. My brother, owns a home in the mountains, never visits me in the summer. a. that c. who b. which d. whom My sister, around the world, is afraid of flying! a. traveling c. who travels b. is traveling d. who travel Have you ever met anyone has won a Nobel Prize? a. who c. which b. X d. he The house we used to live is on this street. a. who c. where b. which d. when The conductor who worked with the symphony last year was excellent. a. X c. we b. he d. they Many people say that the team New York is famous is the Yankees. a. about c. from b. for d. X The people we sat next to owned a farm in Virginia years ago. a. X c. whose b. where d. when Will Smith, recent movies have been serious, was once considered a comic actor. a. who c. which b. whose d. X

10 Please don't waste a lot of time correcting details completely inaccurate. a. that aren't c. that isn't b. that they aren't d. that it isn't On my trip last year, I was able to visit some places in a long time. a. who I hadn't seen c. hadn't seen b. I hadn't seen d. who hadn't seen I told my professor I'd turn in the essay a 9 o'clock, means I'm going to be up all night. a. who c. that b. X d. which Change the sentences: active to passive, passive to active if possible. Don t change the tense! 9. In 1961, the Peace Corps was established. 10. Do you believe in ghosts? 11. Researchers have reported that the preservative is linked to cancer in rats After dating for ten years, Charlie finally broke up with Lucy. 13. We ve always been considered a good school. Put the noun modifiers in the correct order. 6. It s a problem to have that is bad. (quality / air) 7. can improve the air in your home. ( plants / house) 8. can even remove smoke and odors from the air. (fuzzy / leaves / plant) 9. Police are looking for a (young / man / Caucasian / stocky ) 10. I saw a last night. ( winning / prize / film / French ) Complete the sentences with the words in parenthesis. Be careful! Do you need singular or plural? This drink is for sports. It s a/an drink. (energy, high) 11. John s son is old. He is a boy. (three years) 12. I have twin. (two years old). 13. What kind of do eat? Of course, we eat! (food, Korean)