Postcards from Mexico

Transcription

1 2 Postcards from Mexico Reading Mark and Lynn are now in Mexico. Read the postcards they wrote. Canals in Mexico City Dear Mum and Dad, 6 August Here we are in Acapulco, a town on the Mexican coast. You ll never guess what we ve just seen! Outside the town, there are cliffs that are more than 40 metres high. Young people stand at the top of the cliffs and dive into the sea to show how brave they are. It was really scary to watch! Tomorrow we re going to Chichen Itza with Pedro. Chichen Itza is an ancient city where the Maya lived a long time ago. I ll send you a postcard from there too. Bye for now, Love, Lynn 4 August Hi Mum and Dad, Lynn and I arrived safely in Mexico and we are having a great time here. Today we re in the capital, Mexico City. It s huge! Pedro, the leader of the club, met us at the airport. Then he and some of the club members took us to a part of the city which is filled with canals and brightly coloured boats. We went on a boat ride. There were people on small boats who sold food, drinks and souvenirs, and there were boats with special bands that played Mexican music. I ve already taken lots of pictures. I ll send you some of them with my next . At the weekend, we re going to a nature reserve for endangered sea turtles. There s also a reef there. I hope we can go snorkelling because I ve never done it before. I miss you, Mark P.S. Please keep all the postcards I send you Lynn wants them for her collection! Divers at Acapulco 2 Answer the questions. Postcard. Where did Pedro first take Lynn and Mark? Mexico City 2. What did they do there? They went on a boat ride. 3. Where are they going at the weekend? To a nature reserve for endangered turtles Postcard 2 4. What is special about Acapulco? Young people dive into the sea from the tops 5. Where are they going the next day? of high cliffs. Chichen Itza 3 What do the words in bold refer to?. I ll send you some of them with my next . (Postcard ) pictures 2. I ve never done it before. (Postcard ) snorkelling 3. Young people dive into the sea to show how brave they are. (Postcard 2) young people 4. I ll send you a postcard from there too. (Postcard 2) Chichen Itza 4 Give another example of: Accept all logical answers.. a famous canal: Corinth Canal, a drink: cola, 3. a popular band: Tokio Hotel, 4. an endangered animal: panda, 5. a place with cliffs: Zakynthos, 6. a brave person: firefighter, 7. a scary film: Twilight, and Speaking PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE () have / has + past participle We use Present Perfect Simple to talk about actions in the past that have a connection with the present. I have already eaten. I m not hungry now. He hasn t bought anything yet. He can t decide what to buy. Have you ever dived from a cliff? Time expressions: ever, never, always, already, just, yet, so far, (many) times have gone to / have been to He s gone to Mexico. He ll be back in a week. He s been to Mexico. He s back home now. 5 Complete the letter Mark sent to the club members back home. Use Present Perfect Simple. Hi everyone! Lynn and I ()... have just returned (just return) to our hotel after an amazing day in Mexico City! I (2). have never enjoyed (never enjoy) myself so much. We arrived yesterday and we (3). have already seen (already see) lots of places in the city, including the Zócalo, which is one of the largest squares in the world. We (4). haven t eaten (not eat) any real Mexican food yet, so tonight some of the kids are taking us to eat tortas, which are big Mexican sandwiches! Bye for now, Mark 6 Which of the things below have you done? Ask and answer with a partner. hear Mexican music fly in a plane visit another country sail in a boat go snorkelling see a volcano erupt Have you ever heard Mexican music? Listening No, I haven t. Maybe I will one day. What about you? 7a My World! Look at the souvenirs from Mexico below. Which one would you like to get? 7b One of the club members in Mexico city is helping Lynn choose souvenirs for her family. Listen and match a souvenir to each person. There are two extra souvenirs. c. Dad a 2. Mum e 3. Ellie g 4. Grandma f 5. Peter a. chilli peppers b. silver necklace Which place do you think is the most fun? MY WORLD! c. sombrero d. mask e. Barbie doll f. Mexican jumping beans g. ceramic plate 30 3

2 2 The Ancient Maya Reading Mark and Lynn are going to visit the ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza. Read about the Maya people below. The Maya were people who lived in Central America from about 400 to 400. When archaeologists discovered their cities and temples, they were amazed to see how big and beautiful they were. Chichen Itza is one of the Mayan cities in Mexico. The city has become very famous since 2007, when it was chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World by millions of people! BUILDINGS The Mayan people are famous for their buildings, especially their temples. Many Mayan temples were built on top of huge pyramids. Steps on all four sides led to the temples, where ceremonies took place. RELIGION There were many gods in the Mayan religion. The gods were very important and the Maya sometimes sacrificed animals (and even people) to them! The most important gods were the gods of the sun and rain. The god of corn was also important because corn was the Maya s main food. SPORTS The Maya played a ball game called pitz. In this game, players had to throw a ball through a hoop about nine metres high. When a player was successful, the audience had to give him some of the jewellery that they were wearing. The audience sometimes ran away because they didn t want to give their jewellery to the player! APPEARANCE The Maya had lots of tattoos and they painted their bodies. They wore lots of jewellery too, especially earrings. They believed that wearing a big hat showed how important a person was. Some hats were bigger than the people who wore them! 2 Write T (True) or F (False). Correct the false More Words and Speaking sentences. 6a Greece Talk about the places below. Say what T. The Maya lived in Central America many years ago. they are and what you can do there. The ideas F 2. Ceremonies took place inside the pyramids. below can help you. Accept all logical answers. Ceremonies took place in the temples. T 3. The gods of the sun, rain and corn were important to the Maya. F 4. All pitz players got jewellery from the audience during pitz games. Only players who threw the ball through the hoop got jewellery from the audience. F 5. The Maya only wore earrings. They wore lots of jewellery. 3 My World! Complete. Use the words below. Then tick the sentences that are true for you. especially ceremony archaeologist steps successful. I hope I will be more... successful at school this year. 2. I enjoy watching films,... especially mysteries. 3. I m interested in ancient history and I d like to be an. archaeologist. 4. You have to walk up some... steps to get to my classroom at school. 5. At my school there is a... ceremony on the first day of school every year. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE (2) We use Present Perfect Simple with for and since to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present. Mark and Lynn have been in Mexico for three days. Many tourists have visited Chichen Itza since Complete. Use Present Perfect Simple and for / since.. I haven t seen (not see) my friend... since he left England. 2. I have been (be) a pupil at this school... for two years. 3. We haven t eaten (not eat) anything... since six o clock this morning. 4. Jake has known (know) Sally... for many years. 5. My aunt and uncle have lived (live) in the USA... since My World! Answer the questions about yourself. Use for / since. Accept all logical answers.. How long have you lived in your town or city? 2. How long have you known your best friend? 3. How long have you been a pupil at this school? 3 The Olympic Stadium The Parthenon 5 Samaria Gorge What kind of place is it? archaeological site monastery ancient temple modern structure natural wonder What can you do there? learn about Greek history and culture see an example of modern architecture Knossos Meteora 6b Imagine pupils from England are coming to Greece. Choose a place that you would take them to and explain why The Rio Antirio Bridge see ancient ruins enjoy amazing views go hiking visit the museum I would take them to the Parthenon in Athens. It s a famous archaeological site. They can learn about the history and culture of Greece and see ancient ruins there

3 3 OUR WORLD! Chichen Itza Reading Pedro and the children are visiting Chichen Itza. What do you think happens there? Look at the picture and guess. Then read and find out. The next morning, Pedro, Mark and Lynn went to Chichen Itza. They were very thirsty when they got there, so Pedro went to buy some drinks. While Lynn and Mark were waiting for Pedro, they looked around. They could see the top of a pyramid. Suddenly, there was a loud noise. It sounds like a drum. Let s go and see what it is, said Lynn. The sound was coming from the direction of the pyramid. They walked towards it and started to climb the steps. They could see people at the top of the pyramid. They were wearing masks and singing. One of them was also playing a drum. Look! Those men are priests. They have tied up an old man and there s blood on him! whispered Lynn. He looks frightened. You don t think? Suddenly the children felt a hand on their shoulders. They jumped and turned around. A man with a mask was standing behind them. What are you doing here? he asked. Umm, nothing. We are waiting for our friend. We heard the drum and we were curious, Lynn said in a scared voice. Well, it s a good thing you didn t go any closer. We re in the middle of a special ceremony, he said. What are the priests doing to that man? Why is there blood on him? asked Lynn. The man started to laugh and took off his mask. I m sorry I scared you. The blood isn t real. We re making a film about the Maya, he said. A film? Lynn and Mark looked at each other. Have you ever seen how films are made? asked the man. No, we haven t, they answered. Well, get your friend and come with me. I ll show the three of you some of the special effects we use in films. By the way, my name is Mike. Chichen Itza is a New Wonder of the World. Which two places below are also New Wonders? a. the Statue of Liberty in New York b. the Colosseum in Rome c. the Great Wall of China answer: b and c 2 Answer the questions. Speaking and Writing. Why were Mark and Lynn alone? Pedro went to buy some drinks. 5 Talking about music Read the dialogue 2. Why did they start to climb the pyramid? They were with a partner. Then change the words in colour curious. They wanted to see what was happening at the 3. Who was at the top of the pyramid? top of the pyramid. to make a new dialogue. people, some priests and an old man 4. What was really happening at the top of the pyramid? They were making a film about the Maya. 5. What is Mike going to show them? some special effects used in films 3 Circle the correct answer.. When people hear a funny story, they usually whisper / laugh. 2. A curious / frightened person usually asks lots of questions. 3. There s the new shopping centre. Let s go in and turn / look around. 4. Linda hurt her voice / shoulder when she fell off her bike. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE / PAST SIMPLE We use Present Perfect Simple to talk about actions in the past that have a connection with the present. I have just drunk, so I m not thirsty. We use Past Simple for completed actions at specific times in the past. We went to Chichen Itza yesterday. Time expressions Present Perfect Simple: already, just, ever, never, yet, always, for, since, so far, many times Past Simple: yesterday, ago, on 6 December, in 2007, when, last week 4 Complete. Use Present Perfect Simple or Past Simple.. I really.. enjoyed (enjoy) my trip to Greece last month. I.. have already made (already make) plans to go back there next summer. 2. The plane from London to New York.. took off (take off) four hours ago. It.. hasn t arrived (not arrive) yet. 3. Mary.. has just received (just receive) a postcard from Dan. He.. sent (send) it a week ago. 4. Joe.. left (leave) two days ago and he has already sent (already send) us two s Have you ever been (you / ever be) to Italy? Yes, I.. went (go) there last summer. Black Eyed Peas A: What s your favourite group? B: I like Tokio Hotel. A: What kind of music do they play? B: They play pop rock. A: Who is in the group? B: Bill Kaulitz sings and Tom Kaulitz plays the electric guitar. Which group do you like? A: I like Black Eyed Peas. B: I like them too. What s your favourite song? A: It s Boom Boom Pow! 6 My World! Now write about a group you like. Include the following information: the name of the group the kind of music they play the names of the singers and musicians your favourite song Tokio Hotel The group that I like is called. They play See Teacher s Guide for model answer

4 4 Reading Mike shows Mark and Lynn some of the special effects that filmmakers use. Read and find out about them. Latex Masks Latex is very thin rubber. Actors can change the way they look by using latex masks. The make-up artist puts the mask over the actor s face and puts the make-up on the mask. Masks can make a human look like an animal or ugly monster, or make a narrow face look wide. A handsome young actor can turn into an old man, like Brad Pitt did in the film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button. 3 Special Effects Technology Filmmakers have been using technology to play tricks on audiences for years. One example is when actors are filmed in a studio, and then a different background is put behind them using a computer. Another example is when computer-made creatures and human actors are put together into the same scenes. Nowadays, filmmakers are using computers to create 3D films and the results are amazing, like in Avatar and Happy Feet 2. 2 Blood bags Actors who are going to be shot in films put blood bags under their clothes. The blood is actually special red syrup. The actors also usually wear light-coloured clothes so you can really see the blood! When an actor is shot, a tiny explosion tears the bag and the blood comes out! Everyone knows the blood in films isn t real, but it always looks real! 3 Complete. Use the words below. rubber handsome narrow tear trick. The streets in my village are very... narrow. 2. Be careful not to... tear your new jeans! 3. Tennis balls are made from... rubber. 4. Yesterday I played a... trick on my brother. I hid his school bag! 5. I think Brad Pitt is a very... handsome man. and Speaking PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS have / has been + verb -ing We use Present Perfect Continuous for an activity that began in the past and continues to the present. I have been using a computer for many years. I have been thinking about the film all day. How long has she been working as an actress? Time expressions: how long, for, since, lately, all day 4 Complete. Use Present Perfect Continuous.. Tony is an artist. He has been painting (paint) for years. 2. How long... have you been waiting (you / wait) for me? 3. John is tired because he... has been working (work) hard lately. 4. They... have been building (build) the new football stadium since last June. 5. Anna... has been studying (study) in England for two years. 5 My World! Ask and answer questions with a partner. You can use the ideas below to help you. play a musical instrument use a mobile phone choose which clothes to buy collect something use Facebook do a sport Do you play a musical instrument? Yes, I play the guitar. Writing so / such... that The film was so interesting that I didn t stop thinking about it all week. It was such an interesting film that I didn t stop thinking about it all week. 6 Complete with so / such. Then match to complete the sentences.. It was... such a boring film 2. The story was... so funny 3. The film was... so popular 4. It was... such a scary film 5. The acting was... so good 3 a. that we couldn t get tickets. 4 b. that I didn t sleep all night. c. that I wanted to leave in the middle. 5 d. that the film won prizes. 2 e. that we couldn t stop laughing. 7 Complete the film review. Use the words below. takes place science-fiction acting recommend special effects Star Trek is a really exciting ().. science-fiction film. I saw it last week. It (2).. takes place in the future. It s about humans who are fighting against people called Romulans. I really liked the (3).. special effects in the film. They are so good that it s hard to believe they aren t real. The filmmakers used computers to create the background. The (4).. acting and the music are great too. Some of the actors wear latex masks. I think Star Trek is an amazing film. If you like science fiction, I (5).. recommend you see this film. 8 Write about a film you have seen. Use the plan below. Par What kind of film is it (adventure, animated, etc.)? When did you see it? How long have you 2 Answer the questions. been playing it? When / Where does it take place? Par 2 What is it about?. What was a latex mask used for in the film 3. What happens to the blood bag when an actor is shot? The Curious Case of Benjamin Button? A tiny explosion tears the bag and the blood comes out. 4. How is technology used for special effects? Give one example. What did you like (acting, music, To turn Brad Pitt into an old man. Par 3 2. What is in a blood bag? actors are filmed in a studio and a different background special effects, etc.)? a special red syrup is put behind them computer-made creatures and human actors are put What is your opinion of the film? Since I was 0 years old. Par 4 together in the same scenes Do you recommend it? 3D films are created by computers See Teacher s Guide for model answer. 36 See Teacher s Book for full answers. 37

5 5 The Nature Reserve Reading 2 More Words and Listening Match.. Female turtles lay their eggs 5 Sea life 2. Sea turtles don t often swim 3. Baby turtles come out of their eggs 4. Most baby turtles don t survive Mark and Lynn have just come back from the nature reserve. Read and find out what they learned. 5. Some governments are trying to protect turtles Match the animals to the pictures. d. dolphin g 5. squid b 2. whale h 6. shrimp f 3. shark e 7. seal a 4. octopus c 8. penguin 4 a. in the sea. 3 b. at night. Dear Mum and Dad, 2 c. We have just come back from an amazing day at the nature reserve for giant sea turtles. First, we went snorkelling. It was great! Then in the evening, we saw a film. It was really interesting and we learned a lot about the turtles. After we had watched the film, Pedro took us to a beach where we watched some turtle eggs hatch. This only happens at night! It was brilliant! The baby turtles were so tiny and cute! I bought a calendar with pictures of turtles and other sea life as a souvenir. I ll show it to you when I get home. a in deep water. 5 d. because they are endangered. e. in a hole in the sand. 3 Answer the questions. b. Can humans survive without air? No Love, Mark c 2. Is it against the law to steal? Yes 3. What animal (other than turtles) lays eggs? chickens, crocodiles, ducks, snakes 4. How much do you weigh? 5. How long can you stay underwater? d Giant G iant Sea Sea Turtles Turt u le s There are seven different kinds of giant sea turtles in the world. The largest sea turtles can be two metres long, one metre wide and can weigh up to 650 kilograms. They live for about 80 years. Turtles can only stay underwater for 4-5 minutes. Because of this, they rarely swim in deep water. They come up for air for -3 seconds and then dive underwater again. When the eggs hatch, the baby turtles go straight into the sea. Unfortunately only a few survive. Many are eaten by other sea animals or get caught in fishing nets. We use Past Perfect Simple to talk about an activity that happened before another activity in the past. After I had watched the film, I went to see the turtles. Nowadays, giant sea turtles are endangered, so governments all around the world are trying to protect them. In many countries it is against the law to hunt sea turtles. Note: We often use Past Perfect Simple after because. The baby turtles were tiny because they had just hatched. got 2. When we (get) to had already left the bus stop, the bus (already leave). OU R h Complete. Use Past Perfect Simple and Past Simple. came. By the time my brother had eaten (come) home, we (eat) supper. 38 g Time expressions: before, after, already, by the time 4 You can find Caretta caretta sea turtles in some places in Greece, like Zakynthos. There are people and organisations that are working to protect these endangered turtles. e had + past participle Female turtles start laying eggs at the age of 30. They lay their eggs in the same place that they were born. They lay eggs in a hole in the sand, then they cover them. R WO L D! f PAST PERFECT SIMPLE 6 Listen to a guide at Sea World talking about dolphins. Circle the correct answer.. There are / aren t many different kinds of dolphins. 2. Most adult dolphins are about 2.5 / 7.5 metres long. had written 3. The writer (write) two was books by the time she.. (be) The killer whale, called the Orca, is a kind of shark / dolphin. didn t watch 4. Amy (not watch) the had already seen film because she (already see) it. 4. Killer whales sometimes eat humans / other dolphins. tidied 5. I (tidy) my room after had gone my friends (go) home. 6. Dolphins blow air from a special hole / their mouths to make a noise that sounds like a whistle. 5. Dolphins usually swim in deep water / groups. 7. Dolphins can live for 4 / 40 years. 39

6 Review 3 Lessons -5 Match.. nature 5 a. net 2. make-up 4 b. effect 3. endangered c. reserve 4. special 2 d. artist 5. fishing 3 e. animal 2 Complete. Use the words below. whisper deep view calendar jewellery weigh. A calendar shows you the date. 2. Dolphins usually weigh about 35 kilograms. 3. Many women wear jewellery when they go out. 4. People whisper when they don t want others to hear what they re saying. 5. There s a great view of Athens from the top of Mount Lycabettus. 6. It s dangerous to be in deep water if you can t swim. 3 Choose the correct answer.. Lily isn t afraid of anything. She s a girl. a. successful c. brave b. curious d. scary 2. The steps the monastery. a. take off c. turn around b. lead to d. look around 3. Let s play a on Nick. Let s hide his shoes. a. trick c. drum b. voice d. shrimp 4. It is against the to steal money. a. priest c. law b. religion d. government 5. We need to do more to endangered animals. a. hunt c. catch b. survive d. protect 4 Read the text and decide which answer, A, B or C, best fits each space. Oscar Night Oscar Night is a very important night, () for people who love watching films! Every year, famous actors and (2) come to the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, California. They hope to win a prize for their work. They wear beautiful (3) and jewellery. Outside, reporters (4) pictures of them and then they walk inside. Then the (5) starts and the audience waits to hear who the winners of the Oscars are.. A especially B immediately C unfortunately 2. A humans B females C filmmakers 3. A collections B clothes C treasures 4. A take B make C have 5. A project B ceremony C culture 5 Circle the correct answer.. Robert has already seen / saw that film. 2. Jim went to sleep after he has done / had done his homework. 3 I didn t speak / haven t spoken to Lucy since Monday. 4. Where is Tim? I have been looking / had looked for him all morning! 5. Mary had already come / has already come home by the time it started to rain. 6. Mr Jones has lived here since / for two years. 6 Complete. Use the correct tenses.. Jessica... has just returned (just return) from a holiday in Africa. 2. My friends and I... went (go) scuba diving last year. 3. You look tired. How long.. have you been working (you / work)? Has Rita found (Rita / find) her dog yet? No, she s still looking for it. 5. I... had already gone (already go) to bed when the phone rang. 6. I ve known Kevin since he. was (be) a young child. 7 Choose the correct answer.. a new mobile phone yet? a. Have you bought b. Did you buy c. Do you buy 2. John won the draw! Really? I didn t know that he it. a. is entering b. have entered c. had entered 3. How long sleeping? a. Fiona has been b. has Fiona been c. did Fiona 4. The teacher us so much homework before! a. has never given b. has ever given c. give 5. By the time the police, the thief had run away. a. had arrived b. arrived c. has arrived 8 Complete the second sentence, so that it means the same as the first. Use up to two words, including the word in brackets.. This is my first trip to Mexico. (never) I have never visited Mexico before. 2. First Alice ate dinner and then she went to bed. (had) After Alice had eaten dinner, she went to bed. 3. Tim left the house a minute ago. (just) Tim has just left the house. 4. It was such a good book that I read all night. (so) The book was so good that I read all night. 5. When did Ben start studying English? (been) How long has Ben.. been studying English? SONG: Mexico, page 06. Go to the Writing Booklet, page 6. OUR WORLD: ENDANGERED ANIMALS a Match. 5 a 3 b 4 c 6 d. mountain gorilla 4. jaguar 2. American alligator 5. Bengal tiger 3. kangaroo 6. polar bear... about an animal you would like to protect. Save our wildlife! b Which of the animals do you think are endangered? Check your answers at the bottom of the page. 2 How much do you know about the animals above? Match the facts to each animal, then check your answers at the bottom of the page.. a. They don t have tails. They sleep in nests made from leaves and plants.. 5 b. Each one has more than 00 stripes and the pattern is unique, like a fingerprint.. 2 c. They lay eggs. They are hunted for their valuable skins and their meat.. 4 d. They are the third largest member of the cat family. Unlike most big cats, they love water.. 3 e. They can jump 0 metres. The babies, called joeys, are carried by the mothers in special pockets.. 6 f. They are excellent swimmers. They even have fur on their feet to keep them warm. 3 Tick ( ) what people can do to protect endangered animals. Discuss with your partner. Can you think of another idea? talk about endangered animals at home learn more about the animals don t buy things that are made from these animals watch programmes about endangered animals on TV give money to organisations that help animals Answers: b all of them are endangered 2 a. b. 5 c. 2 d. 4 e. 3 f. 6 For model poster and cut outs, see Teacher s Guide or 40 Teacher s Resource Material on the Burlington website. 4 e f