YouCompose User Manual

Transcription

1 YouCompose User Manual App Version 4.22

2 Contents Introduction - Meet Aimée 5 Quick start with Tutorial Mode 7 The basic structure of a composition 8 Composition View 9 Grid mode 9 Score mode 11 Files View 13 The File Menu 15 Adding a new composition 16 Adding an empty composition to start from scratch 16 Let Aimée compose a symphony 17 Receiving a composition from another device using AirDrop 19 Importing a YouCompose file 20 Importing a MIDI file 20 Reloading a MIDI file 22 Adding notes to a movement 23 Recording a melody and adding it to a movement 24 Recording Settings 25 How to use the virtual keyboard s touch sensitivity 25 Quantization 26 2

3 Record a melody 26 Using a MIDI keyboard 27 Let Aimée add a melody to a movement 28 Adding notes to a movement manually 29 Harmonizing your melodies 30 Viewing the Harmonization Report 31 Editing a movement 32 Editing a fragment or segment 32 Splitting or gluing segments 33 Editing notes and Harmonization Points with the Note Editor 34 Editing in Grid mode 34 Editing in Score mode 37 Editing a single note 39 Adding lyrics 40 Editing multiple selected notes 41 Harmonization Points 42 Editing Harmonization Points 42 Protecting segments against harmonization 43 Transposition, melodic transformations and more with the Function Selector 44 Transformations examples 45 Settings 46 App Settings 46 App settings in Apple s ios Settings app 48 Composition Settings 49 Part Settings 51 Muting the internal sound of YouCompose for a Part 52 3

4 Select an ensemble for a movement 53 Part range versus instrument range 54 Segment Settings 57 Automatic Harmonization Point placing settings 59 The Movement Manager 61 Let Aimée compose a new movement 63 How does Aimée use existing material while composing a movement? 64 Audiobus, AudioCopy and Inter-App Audio 65 Audiobus and YouCompose 65 Using AudioCopy 66 Recording Audio with Inter-App Audio 68 Exporting your composition 71 Exporting an audio file directly into another App. 71 Sending a YouCompose, audio or MIDI file or the score via 73 Exporting a YouCompose file to another App. 74 Exporting a composition to another device using AirDrop 75 Print score 77 iphone X 78 Sending a Happy Birthday 79 Literature 80 Hardware requirements 80 Contact us 80 4

5 Introduction - Meet Aimée Artificial intelligence and music go well together. YouCompose is proof of that. Meet Aimée, your personal, artificially intelligent built-in assistant composer, she's ready to help you compose great music. Despite her ambition to be a real composer in her own right one day, she will assist you, beginner or professional, with all she has, adding her vast knowledge about music theory to your creativity. You give her your melodies and decide how she should handle them. Aimée then finishes your composition, doing all the hard work that normally takes hours, but now is done in seconds. She does that... reluctantly... because what she really would like is to show you her own sonatas, scherzos and fugues in classical or jazz style... what about a complete symphony?... YouCompose is a great tool to create your own music for your movie, game or theater productions for example. It's also great for songwriters but above all: it s just fun to play with this app and enjoy its surprising results. YouCompose is of great educational value as well. Many teachers from around the world already use YouCompose in their harmony, composition and orchestration classes. Here's what you and Aimée have at your disposal: Built-in instruments: - 80 instruments are included with high quality sounds. You'll find all regular orchestral instruments, keyboards, organs, guitars, basses, chorus, percussion and more. - With over 40 preset ensembles you can quickly setup YouCompose for ensembles like a saxophone quartet, string quartet or orchestra, woodwinds or brass sections and much more. Creating and editing: - You create melodies using the built-in virtual keyboard or a MIDI keyboard, by entering single notes in a grid or score editor, by importing a melody from a MIDI file or by asking Aimée to make one for you. Aimée will then harmonize these melodies in a classical or jazz style taking into account the instruments you selected. - A composition can be edited in many ways. YouCompose allows you to copy, paste, move and delete movements, segments and individual notes. - You can ask Aimée to compose a complete 3 or 4 movement classical or jazz symphony for your ensemble all by herself, or let her add a new movement to an existing one. She can do that based on her own melodies or on melodies you provide. - You can control the way she harmonizes your melodies, by setting Harmonization Points and other options, or you can also leave that completely to her. - If you wish you can even combine classical and jazz styles within one piece. - Special tools allow you to enter lyrics, apply melodic transformations or create dynamic effects. 5

6 Sharing and saving: - YouCompose is Audiobus, AudioCopy and Inter-App Audio compatible and supports background audio. This means that you can record its audio using Audiobus, GarageBand or any other Audiobus compatible or IAA host App. In Audiobus you will find remote triggers for reverb and output level adjustment. With AudioCopy you can copy audio from movements, parts, segments or fragments to any other AudioCopy compatible app. - YouCompose is CoreMIDI compatible. This means that you can also utilize a MIDI keyboard, a MIDI sound module or synth apps running on your device together with YouCompose. - You can export audio files directly to other apps on your device. Supported audio file formats are: MIDI, aac, m4a, aiff, caf and wav. A m4a file contains itunes data like artist, song name and lyrics. You can export audio from movements, parts, segments or fragments. - You can view your composition s full score and the individual parts (transposed when applicable), print them directly from YouCompose to an AirPrint compatible printer or export them to any PDF viewer like ibooks. - You can save compositions to your device and load them again later. Additionally, YouCompose allows you to send and receive them from other devices running YouCompose via Dropbox, or an AirDrop connection. - You can share your composition with others by sending an containing a YouCompose file, m4a audio files, MIDI files and/or a PDF document with the full score and the individual (transposed) parts. Several sample compositions containing well known melodies are also included in the package. 6

7 Quick start with Tutorial Mode The best way to learn the basics is to start YouCompose with an empty composition in Tutorial Mode. When you start YouCompose for the first time, you will find it running in this mode. Follow the instructions and the tutorial will show you how to record a tune, add it to a movement, harmonize it and play it. Tutorial Mode can be switched On or Off: Tap the button to open the Information Panel and tap Start Tutorial Mode or Quit Tutorial Mode. You can also set the Tutorial Mode in the settings pane of YouCompose in the Settings App of your device. Step by step you will be guided to add a melody, harmonize it and listen to the result. 7

8 The basic structure of a composition A composition is divided into movements. A composition has at least 1 movement and can have up to 4 movements. A movement has 4 parts initially named after the instruments that are assigned to them. (you can change the titles if you want). Adding notes to a movement is done by adding segments to it. Each segment has 4 fragments, one for each part. One of them was added by the composer (bright green), the other 3 where added by Aimée during harmonization (dark green). Only the memory size of your device limits the number of segments you can add to your movements. The Composition View showing the second movement (II) with 4 parts, 4 segments and 16 fragments. 8

9 Composition View Grid mode Letter Symbol Description A The Part Headers. Tapping a part s instrument image will open the Part Settings for that part. In every Part Header you see an image of the instrument that is selected for that part, and the name of the part (ipad only). To the left you see the Range Indicator for that part and instrument (see Part Settings for more info on that). The M and S buttons allow you to Mute or Solo the sound of the part: Tapping M mutes the sound of this part (Alto Sax). Tapping S mutes all other parts leaving only the sound of the Alto Sax. 9

10 Letter Symbol Description B C D E F The Bar Ruler shows the bar numbers in your movement. Tapping on the Bar Ruler moves the Playhead (see C ) to the tapped bar. The Playhead. Its position determines where playback will start when you tap the Play button (see G ). Its position also determines where a segment will be split when you tap the Split button (see L ). The Files View button. Tapping it opens the Files View where you can manage your files, delete or duplicate a composition or start a new one. (see Files View for more on that). The Undo - Redo control. Tapping the left arrow will undo your last action(s). Any undone action can be redone by tapping the right button. The Grid - Score control. At any time during editing or playback of the current movement you can switch between the grid or score view by tapping the appropriate button here. G The Play - Rewind control. Tapping the Play button on the right will start playback beginning at the position of the Playhead. Tapping the Rewind button will bring the playheads position to the start of the movement. When playback starts the Play button will be grayed out and the Rewind button will turn into the Stop button. Tapping the Stop button will stop playback. H The Movement Selector indicating the current movement. Tapping it opens the View Movement panel that enables you to select the movement that will be shown in the Composition View and becomes the current movement. It also gives you access to the Movement Manager where you have top level control over the movements in your composition. If your composition has only one movement the Movement Manager button is the only button shown. I The Export button. Tapping it will open a panel giving access to all J K The Settings button. Tapping it will open a panel giving access to the App Settings, Composition Settings and Composition info. Here you will also find a button to quit or start Tutorial Mode. Shows the Selected Bar. When you tap a bar on the Composition View this bar becomes the Selected Bar and the Edit Panel will be presented. When you then enter the Note Editor for that fragment it will scroll immediately to the Selected Bar. Also, when you select a bar inside the Note Editor and return to the Composition View the Selected Bar is moved. 10

11 Letter Symbol Description L When the Playhead is positioned inside a segment the Split button is shown. Tapping the Split button will split the segment leaving two segments where there was previously one. When the Playhead is positioned between two segments that have the composer-added fragment in the same part and share the same key the Glue button is shown. Tapping the Glue button will glue the segments together leaving one segment where there were previously two. Score mode With the Grid - Score control you can toggle between Grid and Score mode. The Composition View in Score mode has the same functions as in Grid mode but there are a few differences: 11

12 Letter(s) Description A, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L As in Grid mode (see above). B C Instead of a bar ruler the score mode shows tabs allowing you to view the full score and also the individual parts. When you select one of the parts the sound level of the other parts will be lowered. Instead of a playhead and needle the score mode shows a Play bar. As in grid mode its position determines where playback will start when you tap the Play button (see G ). Its position also determines where a segment will be split when you tap the Split button (see L ). You can move the Play bar by tapping AND holding a bar anywhere in the score. 12

13 Files View YouCompose User Manual The heart of YouCompose is Files View. Here you can find all your compositions and imported MIDI files. It is here where you delete, duplicate, import or create new compositions. It is here where you select the composition that you want to edit or view in Composition View. When in Composition View tap to go to Files View: 13

14 Letter Symbol Description A The Add file button opens a menu with two buttons: - Add new composition: Tapping this button will open the Add new composition wizard. Please read Adding a new composition in this manual. - Airdrop RECEIVE: You can receive compositions from other YouCompose users via AirDrop. Please read Exporting a composition to another device using AirDrop elsewhere in this manual, it also describes how to receive a composition using this button. B C D Search files by entering text here. It works like a filter. Only files will be displayed with filenames containing the search text. This works for all folders (see F ). Tap Maintenance to go into maintenance mode. The button will turn into Done and the file thumbs will start to wobble. Tapping a composition or a MIDI file will now display a delete button to move it to the deleted files folder. Tapping a deleted file inside the deleted files folder will display a large delete button to remove the file permanently. When your are ready with maintenance tap Done to return to normal operation. Please read The file menu in this manual also. The information button. Tapping it opens a panel that contains important links and information about YouCompose: - The version number of the app - Link to this manual - Link to our website - Link to Apple s App Store (if you like YouCompose then please help us maintain YouCompose and rate the app or leave a review) - Link to our Facebook page (don t forget to like us if you do) - General information and copyright notice E F G The Sort button determines the order in which the files are displayed. Can be set to alphabetical (A->Z) or date-time. In the latter case the most recently edited compositions will appear first. The folder button determines what files are displayed. Can be set to compositions, MIDI files or deleted files. The deleted files folder can contain both compositions and MIDI files. Tapping a composition will make it the current composition. Its background will turn blue to mark it. Also when a composition is added or imported it will appear here as current with the blue background. When a composition is tapped the File menu will be shown. Please read The file menu below. 14

15 The File Menu Tapping a composition, MIDI file or deleted file will display a menu with one or more buttons giving access to appropriate functions for that file. Depending on de file type and maintenance mode this menu can vary. Button File type / mode Function Composition Composition Deleted composition Composition Composition The edit button. Tapping it opens the current movement of the composition in Composition View. The speaker button. Tapping it starts playback of the current movement of the composition. Tapping it again stops playback. The file duplicate button. Tapping it duplicates the composition adding a sequence number to its filename. The duplicated file becomes the current composition. The file info button. Tapping it opens an information panel with info about the composition. Deleted composition Deleted MIDI file The restore button. Tapping it restores the file to its original folder. MIDI file All files in maintenance mode The reload button. Tapping it reloads the MIDI file. YouCompose treats the file as if it were imported again. The delete button. This button is displayed in the upper left corner of composition and MIDI files. Tapping it moves the file to the deleted files folder. Tapping a file inside the deleted files folder shows a larger version of this button. Tapping that will permanently delete the file. 15

16 Adding a new composition YouCompose User Manual Adding an empty composition to start from scratch In the Files View tap and then to enter the Add new composition wizard: Step 1: Select Empty composition Tap Next > : Step 2: Set title, composer and opus number of your new composition. Tap Next > : 16

17 Step 3: Select the ensemble you want to compose for. You can tap an instrument s image to open Part Settings for that part to switch instrument or set other properties. Pay attention to the Range Indicators to the left of each instrument. They provide information about the part and instrument s vocal range. Please read Part range versus instrument range elsewhere in this manual to better understand why you might get warnings here and how you can easily avoid them. Notice: When you open Part Settings for a part you can select a complete ensemble there too. Please read Part Settings elsewhere in the manual. Now tap and your new empty composition is saved in the compositions folder. The new composition will become the current composition inside the compositions folder and it will have the typical blue background: Let Aimée compose a symphony Composing a complete 3 or 4 movement classical symphony or a jazz symphony has never been easier. Simply ask Aimée to do just that for you. In the Files View tap and then to enter the Add new composition wizard: Step 1: Select Classical 3 movements, Classical 4 movements or Jazz symphony. In a Classical 4 movements symphony the third movement is a minuet or a scherzo. A Jazz symphony has three movements. The second movement always has a small ternary form. Tap Next > : 17

18 Step 2: Set title, composer and opus number of your new symphony. Tap Next > : Step 3: Select the ensemble you want Aimée to compose for. You can tap an instrument s image to open Part Settings for that part to switch instrument or set other properties. Pay attention to the Range Indicators to the left of each instrument. They provide information about the part and instrument s vocal range. Please read Part range versus instrument range elsewhere in this manual to better understand why you might get warnings here and how you can easily avoid them. Notice: When you open Part Settings for a part you can select a complete ensemble there too. Please read Part Settings elsewhere in the manual. Tap Next > : Step 4: Set main key and chromatics. When set to Random Aimée will select a main key herself. Tap Create symphony > : 18

19 Step 5: Aimée creates your desired symphony. If you wish you can playback the movements. You can start from step 1 again by tapping < Again but this means that this symphony will be lost. Now tap and your new symphony is saved in the compositions folder. The new symphony will become the current composition inside the compositions folder and it will have the typical blue background: Receiving a composition from another device using AirDrop You can receive compositions from other YouCompose users via AirDrop. In the Files View tap and then. Please read Exporting a composition to another device using AirDrop elsewhere in this manual, it also describes how to receive a composition. 19

20 Importing a YouCompose file Importing a YouCompose file is NOT initiated by YouCompose. It is initiated by tapping a YouCompose file on your device. It is most likely that you will find these files as attachments in s sent to you by other YouComposers (see Exporting a YouCompose file, MIDI files and PDF document containing the score via ) or on an external drive like icloud or Dropbox where you put them using the file export function (see Exporting a YouCompose file to another App ). After you tap a YouCompose file and Open in... a dialog box will appear that will look something like this: Now simply tap the YouCompose icon. YouCompose will start and load the composition and place it inside the compositions folder as current composition. If necessary a sequence number will be added to the filename to avoid duplicate filenames. Since the just imported YouCompose file is now the current composition it will have the typical blue background: Importing a MIDI file Importing a MIDI file is initiated by tapping a MIDI file anywhere on your device, it is NOT initiated by YouCompose. MIDI files can be found everywhere on the internet to. Tapping on a link to a MIDI file in your browser will also work. Tap a MIDI file on your device and tap Open in... : a dialog box will appear that will look something like this: Now simply tap the YouCompose icon. YouCompose will start, the MIDI file is copied to the MIDI files folder, read, and its content presented to you in the MIDI file import wizard: 20

21 Step 1: Now select a track and a MIDI channel to determine which melody will be imported. Tap Next > : Step 2: Select the ensemble you want Aimée to import the melody in. Keep in mind that importing a melody can be tricky. This has to do with the ranges of note pitches inside the segments of the MIDI file and the instrument ranges of the ensemble that you picked. They might not match and force Aimée to expand part ranges beyond instrument ranges in some cases. Please read Part range versus instrument range for more information. Tap Next > : Step 3: Select the part that you want Aimée to import the melody in. You can force Aimée to use only a particular part or leave the choice to her (recommended). Aimée will treat the notes as if they were played on a keyboard, that is why two parameters are of importance and can be set here: - One position is. See Quantization in Recording a melody and adding it to a movement for an explanation of this parameter. 21

22 YouCompose User Manual - With rests. See Recording Settings in Recording a melody and adding it to a movement for an explanation of the parameter Record rests. Tap and Aimée will import the melody into a newly created composition. If necessary she will expand the default vocal ranges of the parts as mentioned in step 2. The new composition will become the current composition inside the compositions folder and it will have the typical blue background. If no key information is found for the imported MIDI track YouCompose will warn you about that: Once you have imported a melody from a MIDI file you can easily reload the same MIDI file again because the imported file is copied to the MIDI files folder where it is at your disposal until you delete it. Reloading a MIDI file Tap MIDI in the folder button to see all previously imported MID files: Tap the file to show the Reload button: Tapping the reload button will start the importing process of the MIDI file again. 22

23 Adding notes to a movement You can only add notes to the current movement in your composition by adding segments to it. To add a segment you have to add a fragment to one of its parts. To do so tap anywhere on an empty space within a part track or, when fragments are already there on a fragment and then inside the Edit Panel, or : It will open the Add segment panel with 4 buttons of which there are three versions, one of them will be shown depending on the context: The buttons give you 4 different ways of adding a fragment to a part: - Record new: Tapping this button will open the built-in virtual keyboard allowing you to record a melody (see: Recording a melody and adding it to a movement ). - Prepend new, Insert new or Append new: Opens a panel allowing you to add a fragment with a melody created by Aimée (see: Let Aimée add a melody to a movement ). - Paste fragment: Will add a previously Copied fragment (see: Editing a fragment or segment ) to the part. Aimée will analyze the fragment before it is pasted and, if necessary, transpose the notes to a nearby key to fit it into the vocal range of the part. With this Copy-Paste method you can transfer fragments between parts, movements or compositions. - Prepend empty, Insert empty or Append empty: Opens a panel allowing you to add an empty fragment. This fragment can then be opened in the Note Editor where you can manually add notes (see: Adding notes to a movement manually ). 23

24 Recording a melody and adding it to a movement After tapping the Record new button on the Composition View, the virtual keyboard will appear: A new segment is added to your movement at the same time. The settings for this segment (like key, time signature, tempo, harmonization style, recording settings, etc.) are copied from the segment prior to it or, when it is the first segment in your movement, set to default values. You can access the settings for the new segment by tapping the panel showing the key, time signature, tempo and quantization settings (ipad) or the See Segment Settings to learn more about them. button (iphone or ipod). To access the Part Settings to change the Part s instrument, its range or the MIDI out channel, tap the instrument s image. See Part Settings lo learn more about these. The image above shows the keyboard in the scale of A major (chromatics not allowed). As you can see, there are 5 different kinds of keys here: - Normal playable white keys. - Normal playable white keys with a red dot: These are the root notes of the scale. - Normal playable black keys. - Grayed out white keys: They are playable but (in this case) the pitch will be a half tone higher. For example, if you play an F key you will hear an F# and see the F# key being played. - Grayed out black keys: They are not playable. If you tap them, one of the white keys underneath will be played. 24

25 By organizing the keyboard in this way it is impossible to play outside the scale while at the same time the whole keyboard remains touch sensitive. In the image above you also see some red keys. These keys can be played on the keyboard but they are outside the range of the selected instrument, in this case an alto saxophone. If it is your intention to have an alto saxophonist play this Part, you should not use these keys, or preferably: change the range setting of this Part to match that of an alto saxophone. Recording Settings Before you record a melody think about the Recording tempo, Record rests and touch sensitivity or velocity settings. On an ipad these Recording settings can be accessed by tapping the panel showing these settings, on an iphone or ipod these settings can be accessed by tapping the button: Setting Recording tempo only affects the metronome tempo, not the tempo at which the notes are played during playback (to set the playback tempo enter the Segment Settings). Setting Record rests to Off gives a note s length to every played note beginning from their starting position and ending at the starting position of the next played note (or the end of the fragment for the last note), thus ignoring any note off events. Setting Record rests to On gives a note s length to every played note beginning from their starting position and ending at the starting position of the next played note OR until the key is released. So when no keys are played a rest is inserted. How to use the virtual keyboard s touch sensitivity If the recorded velocities are not set to a fixed value, the position tapped on a key determines the velocity of the note played. Tapping a key in the upper area produces a soft note. Tapping the key in a lower area produces a louder note: In other words: the lower you hit a key, the louder the note will sound. 25

26 Quantization YouCompose User Manual Also pay attention to the One position is setting (in the Segment Settings panel). It can be set to 1/4, 1/8 or 1/16 notes. When you listen to the metronome during recording you try to play in rhythm as good as you can, but you will never be exact. Aimée will assist you and place the notes you play exactly to the nearest quantized position. So, for instance, if you need 1/16 notes in your recorded melody you would have 4 positions in one beat that Aimée can quantize to. When your melody does not contain 1/16 notes, set this to 1/8 and when your melody does not contain 1/8 notes either, set the One position is setting to 1/4. Record a melody To start recording tap The Record button turns into the Stop button and you should hear the metronome, if not, check the sound settings on your device. Do not worry about the number of metronome ticks that you let pass at the beginning of a recording before you hit the first key, Aimée will not include them in a recording. If you do not play a key for 11 bars, recording will stop automatically. You can only play one key at a time, remember: you are entering a melody only, so there is no need to play chords. Make sure you record at least 1 bar, otherwise Aimée will not be able to quantize your notes properly and will not allow a recording. Use the keyboard slider above the keys to select another part of the keyboard. When you are finished playing your melody tap The button turns back into the Record button and the metronome stops. You can now playback your recording by tapping You will also notice that the Note Editor button or is available now. Now you have to decide: - The melody is a mess and beyond repair: Tap Record again and start over. Your recording will be erased. - Your recording is not perfect but can be repaired. Tap the available Note Editor button. The Note Editor will be opened allowing you to edit the notes in your recording. See Editing notes and Harmonization Points with the Note Editor. - Your recording is ok: Tap Add in the upper right corner to add the recorded fragment and with it a new segment to your current movement. 26

27 Using a MIDI keyboard Instead of playing the virtual keyboard during a recording, you can use a Core MIDI compatible keyboard. You will need a Camera Connection Kit to attach the keyboard s USB cable to your device. After a few seconds YouCompose will have detected the new keyboard and you can start using it. Make sure the MIDI enabled switch is ON. By default YouCompose will process incoming MIDI data from all channels but you can force it to process only the data from a specific channel by setting the MIDI channel IN on the MIDI pane of the virtual keyboard. If you are running YouCompose on an ipad you will be able to monitor incoming MIDI data using the MIDI monitor. Turned ON, it will show you the latest incoming data in the window beneath it. 27

28 Let Aimée add a melody to a movement Aimée can harmonize your melodies but you can also ask her to make a melody for you. After tapping the Prepend new, Insert new or the Append new button on the Composition View, a panel will appear with the Segment Settings for a new segment: The first 3 and the 5th panes contain normal Segment Settings, see Segment Settings to learn more about them. The 4th pane containing the Mood setting is of importance here. The Mood setting can be set to: - Lethargic - Sad - Relaxed - Positive - Happy - Energetic This setting is taken into account by Aimée while making a melody for you. Tap, or in the upper right corner to add a fragment to the selected part with the new melody, thus adding a new segment to the current movement. 28

29 Adding notes to a movement manually After tapping the Prepend empty, Insert empty or Append empty button on the Composition View, a panel will appear with the Segment Settings for a new segment: The first 5 panes contain normal Segment Settings, see Segment Settings to learn more about them. The 6th pane containing the Length (bars) setting is of importance here. Tap, or in the upper right corner to add a fragment to the selected part with the desired bar length, thus adding a new segment to your composition. The fragment can now be opened in the Note Editor where you can manually add notes. (see: Editing notes and Harmonization Points with the Note Editor ). 29

30 Harmonizing your melodies After adding a few melodies to the current movement the Composition View will look something like this: Your added fragments are there (bright green), and importantly: the red Harmonize button is visible in the lower right corner. Whenever Aimée detects that the current movement was changed and needs harmonization the button will appear. This means that the Harmonize button will appear not only after adding a new fragment, but also after editing notes or segments, or changing a setting. 30

31 Now tap Harmonize and let Aimée do the hard work. The Composition View will look like this: YouCompose User Manual Aimée has added 3 fragments in every segment. All generated fragments are dark green. Depending on the Segment Settings for Parts to be harmonized some generated fragments contain notes while others do not. Different shades of light green represent that. Notice that the Harmonize button disappeared. Since your movement does not need harmonization now, the button is not visible. While harmonizing the current movement Aimée first analyzes your melodies and tries to make a nice harmonic progression. She will then fill in the missing parts applying the rules from the common practice period for the Classical harmonization style or her own for the Jazz style. When problems occur during harmonization she will add them to a Harmonization Report. The last Harmonization Report is always available: Viewing the Harmonization Report Tap the button to open the Settings Panel, then tap ). For every movement in your composition you will find its last Harmonization Report there. Aimée gives a rating which is reported first, it s a number between 0 and means that she did not have any problems applying strict rules. A number less then 100 means that some problems were encountered. These problems are then listed below the rating. 31

32 Editing a movement Editing a fragment or segment Editing a fragment or a segment in the current movement is done from the Composition View. Tapping on a fragment within a segment will open one of two possible Edit Panels. Tapping a fragment that was added by the composer (bright green) will open panel A; Tapping a generated fragment that was added by Aimée (dark green), will open panel B: Panel A Panel B The only difference between the two panels is the button in the upper right corner. Button Function Tapping this button will open the Note Editor for the fragment. See Editing notes and Harmonization Points with the Note Editor to learn more about that. Only visible in panel A. Tapping this button will open a panel with the Segment Settings. See Segment Settings to learn more about them. Only visible in panel B Tapping this button will change the protect status of the segment to Protected. The button s caption will change into Unprotect, a lock will be placed inside the generated fragments and its color will change a little. Tapping the button again will reverse the above. See Protecting segments against harmonization to learn what this all means. Tapping this button will copy the selected fragment to the clipboard. The fragment can now be copied into another part, movement or composition by pasting it there (see: Adding notes to a movement ). Notice: When copying a fragment that was added by the composer (bright green) inside a protected segment all fragments in that segment are copied. When you subsequently paste to the same part somewhere else Aimée will paste the whole segment when possible. 32

33 Button Function When tapped in panel A from within a fragment that was added by the composer: the whole segment with all its fragments and notes will be erased. When tapped in panel B from within a generated fragment: only the generated fragments will be erased. Before anything worthwhile will be erased, an alert box will pop up asking you to confirm the action. Tapping a + button will open one of three possible Add segment panels (see: Adding notes to a movement ). Splitting or gluing segments Sometimes it is necessary to split a segment or to glue two segments together. For instance, if you want to delete, copy-paste or transpose only a part of a segment you must first split it. Splitting or gluing can be necessary for better harmonization too. Aimée treats notes in the middle of a fragment differently from notes at the end of a fragment. Be aware that you can only glue two segments that have the composer-added fragment in the same part and share the same key. To split a segment first position the Playhead at the bar where you wish to split the segment. You will see the Split button where there was previously one.. Tapping the Split button will split the segment leaving two segments To glue two segments, position the Playhead between the two segments you want to glue. If these segments have the composer-added fragment in the same part and share the same key the Glue button is shown. Tapping the Glue button will glue the segments together leaving one segment where previously there were two. 33

34 Editing notes and Harmonization Points with the Note Editor The Note Editor enables you to edit notes and Harmonization Points in a segment. As in Composition View the Note Editor can be used in Grid and Score mode. To reach the editor first select a fragment in Composition View, tap it to show the Edit panel and tap. The Note Editor will alway open in the same display mode (Grid or Score) as in Composition View. When opened it shows you all the individual notes in the segment. Remember that a segment contains 4 fragments (one for each part). One fragment always is the current fragment, its notes are editable. It is very easy to switch back and forth to other fragments within the editor, as we will see below. Editing in Grid mode 34

35 Letter Symbol Description A The Part Header. Tapping on the part title will open the Part Settings for that part. Tapping on the buttons allow you to switch to the fragments of the other parts within the segment. These buttons are only visible when the segment contains fragments for these parts. Another way to switch to an other part is simply to tap a note from that part (see N ). B The Pitch Ruler shows the pitches of the notes in the different lines in the grid. White notes are within the range of the selected instrument, red notes are outside of it. Pay attention to the special line H : H stands for Harmonization Points. These Harmonization Points are an essential part of your composition. See Harmonization Points below for more details. It allows you to edit Harmonization Points (see O ). C D The Beat Ruler shows the bar and beat numbers in your movement. The Editing Style Selector determines the way the editor will react to touches. You can choose between 2 styles: Edit notes : Allows you to tap a note to open the Note Edit Panel. See Editing a note. It also allows you to select notes and perform actions on these selected notes. See Editing selected notes. Add notes : Tap anywhere in the grid and a new note will be added there unless another note already exists in that position. The velocity of the new note will be in between its predecessor s velocity and that of the note following it. If no predecessor exists, the velocity will be equal to the velocity of the note that follows. If there is no note following the new one, its velocity will equal the velocity of its predecessor. If the new note is the first note in the fragment its velocity will be set to the default value 80. You can add notes beyond the last bar in the fragment. If you do, a new bar is added to the segment automatically. E The Function Selector. When tapped will provide you with the Function Picker as shown, allowing you to pick the Active Function. Read Transpose, apply melodic transformations and more with the Function Selector below. F The Undo - Redo control. Tapping the left arrow will undo your last action(s). Any undone action can be redone by tapping the right button. 35

36 Letter Symbol Description G H The Grid - Score control. At any time during editing or playback of the segment you can switch between the grid or score view by tapping the appropriate button here. The Play button. Tapping it will start playback beginning at the left side of the screen. How playback will stop depends on the Loop playback setting (see the description below about the Function Selector ). When playback starts the button will turn into the Stop button. Tapping the Stop button will stop playback. I J K The Settings button here will give you access to the Segment Settings. See Segment Settings for details. When you are done editing or adding notes, this button will take you back to the previous screen. The black boxes represent notes within the range of the selected instrument. Inside you can read the lyrics belonging to the note. The number underneath it is its velocity. The handle at the end allows you to control the length of the note. Tap and release a note to select it. Tap AND HOLD a note to hear it. Tap and move to change pitch or position. When other notes are selected: Tap and release a note to add the note to the selection. Tap AND HOLD a note to select the note AND all notes in between this note and other selected notes. L The red boxes represent notes outside the range of the selected instrument. M The orange boxes represent selected notes. When there is only one selected note the Single Note Edit Panel will be presented. When multiple notes are selected the Multiple Notes Edit Panel will be presented. Tap and release a selected note to deselect it. Tap AND HOLD a note to hear it. Tap the note and move to change pitch or position together with all other selected notes. N O Notes in other parts. Tapping a note of an other part causes a switch to that fragment as current. Harmonization Point. See Harmonization Points below for more details. Tap and release a position on the H ribbon to EDIT harmonization points. Tap and hold a position on the H ribbon to HEAR the current chord on that position arpeggiated. 36

37 Letter Symbol Description P Q R The Selected Bar. When you tap a bar on the Composition View that bar becomes the Selected Bar. When you then enter the Note Editor for that fragment it will scroll immediately to the Selected Bar. Also, when you select a bar inside the Note Editor and return to the Composition View the Selected Bar is moved in the Composition View. Just as on the Composition View: Whenever Aimée detects that the current movement was changed and needs harmonization this red button will appear. Tap it to harmonize your composition. The Multi Note Edit Panel. Displayed here because 4 notes were selected. When only one note is selected the Single Note Edit Panel would have been presented. Editing in Score mode Both the Single and Multi Note Edit Panel can be dragged on the screen to a new location when they are blocking your view. 37

38 Letter(s) Symbol Description A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J K As in Grid mode. Normal black note within the range of the selected instrument. Tap and release a note to select it. Tap AND HOLD a note to hear it. Tap and move to change pitch or position. When other notes are selected: Tap and release a note to add the note to the selection. Tap AND HOLD a note to select the note AND all notes in between this note and other selected notes. L Note outside the range of the selected instrument. M Selected note. When there is only one selected note the Single Note Edit Panel will be presented. In addition, when the note s length can be changed, the Note Length Slider is presented to the right of the note. When multiple notes are selected the Multiple Notes Edit Panel will be presented. Tap and release a selected note to deselect it. Tap AND HOLD a note to hear it. Tap anywhere within the note s position and move to change pitch or position together with all other selected notes. N The current fragment has a green background. Bright green for the fragment that was added by the composer, dark green for the generated fragments. O, P, Q, R As in Grid mode. Tapping on any staff other then the current one makes that fragment current and its notes editable. 38

39 Editing a single note YouCompose User Manual Tap and directly move a note will change any note s position or pitch. When no other notes are selected tap and release a note to select the note and open the Single Note Edit Panel. In addition, in Score mode, when the note s length can be changed, the Note Length Slider is presented to the right of the note: Button Function Deletes the selected note. The Add lyrics button opens the Lyrics Editor for the note. See Adding lyrics below. Selects all notes in the current fragment. As a result the Single Note Edit Panel will disappear and the Multi Note Edit Panel will be presented (provided there are at least two notes in the fragment). Changes the pitch of the note up or down by 1 tone. How much a tone is depends on the Key and Chromatics setting of the segment (see Segment Settings ). When this setting is Diatonic the note is moved up or down along the scale. E.g. when in C major the note is moved from C -> D -> E -> F etc, or vice versa. When this setting is Chromatic then every step is a semitone. Changes the pitch of the note up or down by 1 octave. The Chromatics setting is of no consequence here. Use this slider to change the velocity of the note. In Score mode: Use the Note Length Slider to change the note s length. In Grid mode: Use the note s handle at the end of a note to change the note s length. In Score mode: Tap anywhere within a selected note s position (above or beneath the note) and move to change pitch or position without your finger blocking your view. Tap and HOLD a note to just hear it. 39

40 Adding lyrics After tapping the Add lyrics button on the Note Edit Panel in the Note Editor, the Lyrics Editor will open: Notice: You can use the Lyrics Editor both in Grid and in Score mode. You can switch between the two modes anytime during editing lyrics without a problem. If the lyrics panel blocks your view you can drag it on the screen to an other location. You can now type the lyrics for the current note. Tapping Tapping fragment. will open the Lyrics Editor for the next note and so on until the last one. will open the Lyrics Editor for the previous note and so on back to the first note in the While scrolling through the notes in this way you will also hear the notes. If you want to hear the current note again, tap. When you are done editing lyrics tap Editor. or anywhere else on the screen to return to the Note 40

41 Editing multiple selected notes YouCompose User Manual Tapping and releasing a note will add it to the selected notes. Selected notes are orange. Tapping and releasing a selected note will deselect it. Tapping and holding a note will add it to the selection plus all notes in between the tapped note and other selected notes. When multiple notes are selected the Multiple Notes Edit Panel will be presented: Button Function Deletes all selected notes. Copies all selected notes to the clipboard. To paste notes elsewhere (this can be done in the same segment or another segment, movement or even in another composition): Tap AND HOLD an empty pitch on any position to show the Paste notes button. Tap this button and the notes will be pasted on that position. When there is not enough room for the copied notes, following notes will be moved backwards to make room. Selects all notes in the current fragment. Changes the pitch of all selected notes up or down by 1 tone. How much a tone is depends on the Key and Chromatics setting of the segment (see Segment Settings ). When this setting is Diatonic a selected note is moved up or down along the scale. E.g. when in C major the note is moved from C -> D -> E -> F etc, or vice versa. When this setting is Chromatic then every step is a semitone. Changes the pitch of the selected notes up or down by 1 octave. The Chromatics setting is of no consequence here. 41

42 Button Function Use this slider to change the velocity of the selected notes. The existing velocity range of the notes within the selection will always be maintained. This means that the maximum increase of velocity for all notes depends on the note with the highest velocity and, vice versa, the maximum decrease for all notes, on the note with the lowest velocity. Allows you to create a decrescendo or crescendo with the selected notes. Sliding to the left or right will decrease or increase the velocity of all selected notes. The amount of change for each note depends on the position of the note within the selection. The higher its position the higher the amount of change. The first selected note will not change velocity and the last note will change the most. In Score mode: Tap anywhere within a selected note s position (above or beneath the note) and move to change pitch or position of all selected notes without your finger blocking your view on the notes. Harmonization Points Harmonization Points are an essential part of your composition. They determine the way Aimée harmonizes your melodies. Placing them wisely is as important as having a good melody. By default Aimée places the Harmonization Points for you. This Automatic Harmonization Point placing process can be done in different ways. You can use the Segment Settings to tell Aimée how to do it. See Segment Settings for details. Automatic Harmonization Point placement works well, but you get the best harmonization results if you place them yourself. Best practice would be to let Aimée place them automatically first and then do the fine-tuning yourself. Editing Harmonization Points You can edit Harmonization Points yourself from within the Note Editor where you will find the H ribbon:. All Harmonization Points are placed on this ribbon. There are three types of Harmonization Points. Yellow and purple Harmonization Points (type 1 and type 2) determine the positions within the segments where Aimée will change harmonics and place notes in the other parts during harmonization. Harmonization Point Type 1 Symbol Description Yellow Harmonization Points are placed by Aimée using the settings you provided for Automatic Harmonization Point placing in Segment Settings. 42

43 Harmonization Point Type 2 Type 3 Symbol Description Purple Harmonization Points are placed by the composer (you or Aimée). You will find purple harmonization points at the beginning of a segment when the Automatic Harmonization Point placing is set to Repeat first bar, Repeat 2 bars or Repeat 4 bars. Also when you edit an automatically placed yellow harmonization point, overruling the Automatic Harmonization Point placing, all yellow harmonization points will turn purple to indicate that they no longer will be replaced in the Automatic Harmonization Point placing process but instead are considered to be edited by you, the composer. The gray Harmonization Points determine the positions within the segment where Aimée will force the other 3 parts to be silent. She will simply place a rest in that position in all 3 generated fragments during harmonization. The H ribbon enables you to edit Harmonization Points and to hear the current chord on any position within the segment. Tapping and releasing a position on the H ribbon toggles its contents from none to Type 2 to Type 3 to none etc. If the Automatic Harmonization Point placing setting is still active within the segment you will be prompted with a dialog box asking you if you want it to be turned off, otherwise you will not be able to edit them yourself. If you want to restore the automatic setting after editing the Harmonization Points, you can do so in the Segment Settings, however if you do, your editing of Harmonization Points will then be lost. Tap and hold a position on the H ribbon to hear the current chord on that position arpeggiated. No editing will take place if you do this. Protecting segments against harmonization The Note Editor allows you to make changes to all 4 fragments within a segment including the 3 generated fragments. Changes made in generated fragments however will be lost when you ask Aimée to harmonize your composition again, because the first thing Aimée does when harmonizing your composition is to discard all previously generated fragments. As a result, your changes will be lost UNLESS you protect them. To protect a segment do the following: On the Composition View tap one of the generated fragments in the segment that you want to protect. The Edit Panel will be presented. Now tap. The button s caption will change into Unprotect, a lock will be placed inside the generated fragments, indicating that the segment is now protected, and its color will change from green to brown. Now when you re-harmonize your composition Aimée will not discard the fragments in this segment and skip the segment during harmonization. Tapping the harmonization. button again will reverse the above and the segment will no longer be protected against 43

44 Transposition, melodic transformations and more with the Function Selector The Function Selector in the Note Editor s bottom toolbar gives access to 5 different functions that allow you to manipulate properties of the melody in the fragment. When tapped it will provide you with the Function Picker. Tap on a function and it will become the Active Function in the bottom toolbar, ready to be used by you, even during playback Below you will find descriptions of the available functions: Function Buttons Description Transpose Allows you to transpose all notes within the segment Up or Down when possible, thus also changing the key of the segment. Notes in other parts within the segment will also be transposed. Transform 1 Allows you to apply a melodic transformation on the selected notes in the fragment. The first button will apply a inversion, the second a retrograde. Notes in other parts within the segment will NOT be affected. Transform 2 Allows you to apply a melodic transformation on the selected notes in the fragment. The first button will apply a diminution, the second an augmentation. Notes in other parts within the segment will NOT be affected. Loop playback Playback Parts Level other Parts This function presents a switch that determines playback mode. Playback will always start with the first note on the left side of the screen. When set to ON playback will stop after the last note visible in the screen and playback will be repeated. When set to OFF playback will stop after the last note in the fragment. This function presents two speaker buttons. The left speaker button reduces the output level of the other parts, the right speaker button increases it. Notice: When in Grid mode, notes in other parts become invisible when the output level for other parts is reduced to zero. 44

45 Transformations examples YouCompose User Manual Transformation Symbol Example Inversion Before After Retrograde Before After Diminution Before After Augmentation Before After 45

46 Settings YouCompose User Manual YouCompose has many settings panes that allow you to set its parameters. Therefore, it is good to be aware that settings come in 4 levels: - App level - Composition level - Part level - Segment level When a settings panel is opened, the title at the top will always indicate the level type. In the paragraphs below you will find descriptions of the settings of each level separately. App Settings Tap from the Composition View and then the menu item : 46

47 Setting Your name Preferred music style User interface theme Toolbar Composition View shows Master volume device Description Enter your name here. YouCompose will use this name as default composer when you start an empty composition. Your name will be printed on the score. Defines your default harmonization style when starting a new composition. This setting is only used to set the initial style, it does not mean that you are restricted to it inside a composition, you can always use both styles at any time. Pick what you like best, White or Black. Determines the text shown in the Composition View toolbar (ipad only). Can be set to display the composition title, the file name or information about the segment the playhead is currently in (when no segments are present the text YouCompose will be displayed). The system output volume of your device can be set here. Tapping gives you access to AirPlay settings where you can redirect audio to any AirPlay connected audio device. Output level YouCompose Reverb Settings Use this slider to adjust the audio output level of YouCompose to bring it into balance with other sound sources on your device. This setting does not affect the overall system output volume, only that of YouCompose. Three sliders ( Reverb level, Room size and Position musicians ) enable you to create the right spatial ambience for your audio. To turn off Reverb: Slide Reverb level completely to the left. MIDI enabled If you want to use a MIDI keyboard, sound module or another app with Background Audio, you must turn this MIDI enable switch ON, otherwise YouCompose will ignore incoming MIDI data and not send any. The Core MIDI compatible devices that YouCompose found are listed in the box below. If you do not use MIDI devices turn the switch to OFF for better performance of the App. The MIDI enable switch can also be found on the virtual keyboard. See Recording a melody and adding it to a movement. Default MIDI channel IN YouCompose will process incoming MIDI data from the channel(s) set here. It can be set to All but you can force YouCompose to process only the data from a specific channel by setting this to a number. The MIDI channel IN setting can also be found on the virtual keyboard. See Recording a melody and adding it to a movement. Tapping this button has the exact opposite effect as tapping Harmonize in the Composition View. All generated (dark green) fragments that were added by Aimée will be removed, with the exception of protected fragments. 47

48 App settings in Apple s ios Settings app Some settings can also be accessed by running Apple s ios Settings app on your device. Tap, then under Settings scroll down and tap Apart from the settings you will also find the version number of the app, information about the literature used by Aimée and acknowledgements about used third party resources. 48

49 Composition Settings YouCompose User Manual Tap from the Composition View and then the menu item : Setting Composition title Description Here you can enter the title for your composition. If the file name parameter (See Saving your composition to your device ) is not set or empty the file name will also be set to this title. Composer Enter the name of the composer here. When you start an empty composition YouCompose will fill this with the name of the default composer as set in the App Settings. Opus number Display bar number every x bars Can be set to any number or none. The opus number will be printed on the coversheet of the score s PDF document. Can be set in the range from 3 to 10. It affects the numbering of bars in the Bar Ruler on the Composition View and in the score. 49

50 Setting Scrolling (device) Page-size (PDF) Orientation (PDF) Quality (PDF) Description Can be set to Horizontal or Vertical. It determines the direction in which the score will scroll on your device when in Score View. Can be set to Letter, Legal or A4. If you want to print the score make sure you have the right page dimensions set here. Can be set to Portrait or Landscape. Determines the direction in which the score is printed. Determines the resolution used in the PDF document: Good: 144 DPI Better: 288 DPI Best: 576 DPI Staff-size (PDF) This determines the height of the staffs in the PDF with the score that can be generated and printed. Staff-size can be set separately for the full score and the parts. Include Composition info (PDF) Determines whether information about the composition, its movements and parts is included in the PDF with the score, or not. 50

51 Part Settings YouCompose User Manual The Part Settings can be accessed from the Composition View. Tapping the part s title or image in the Part Header will open the Part Settings for that part. Unless you changed it, the part s title is identical to the name of the instrument assigned to it. The Part Settings can also be accessed from the Note Editor by tapping on the part title in the Part Header and from the virtual keyboard. As an example we take Alto Sax, which is the second part: Part settings descriptions: Setting Part title Description Enter the part title here. It will be shown in the Part Header on the Composition View and be used in the score. If Part title is left empty, the instrument name will be displayed automatically. 51

52 Setting Instrument Description Select an instrument for this Part with the Instrument Picker by tapping its image in the right region of the Instrument Picker. Tapping the category icons in the left region of the Instrument Picker will scroll the right region to the first instrument in the selected category. Tap on the instrument s image to hear it. Above the image you will find the instrument s range and the instrument s written transposition (number of semitones relative to the sound of the instrument). A special instrument is the None (sound off) setting, the only instrument in the first category No sound. It allows you to mute the internal sound of the part. If MIDI is enabled (see App Settings) this instrument is replaced with the Only MIDI instrument. See Muting the internal sound of YouCompose for a Part below. You can assign the selected instrument to all parts within the current movement by tapping Set {instrument name} for all parts. Swipe the instrument s image to the right or tap Select ensemble to show the Ensemble Picker. See Select an ensemble for a movement below. Highest possible note for this Part Set this to the highest note you want to allow for this part, which is the upper limit of the part s range. If the part s range differs from the range of the assigned instrument you will notice warnings. See Part range versus instrument range for an explanation. Lowest possible note for this Part Set this to the lowest note you want to allow for this part, which is the lower limit of the part s range. If the part s range differs from the range of the assigned instrument you will notice warnings. See Part range versus instrument range for an explanation. MIDI channel OUT Panning Output level If MIDI enabled is ON, YouCompose will output MIDI notes to this channel during playback for this part. Determines the place of the instrument in the stereo field. Can be set from Left to Right. Use this slider to adjust the audio output level of this part to bring it into balance with the other parts. Muting the internal sound of YouCompose for a Part You can mute the internal sound in YouCompose for a Part. This is important when you want to use YouCompose mapped to the instruments of another app running on your device using MIDI and Background Audio. 52

53 To mute the internal sound of YouCompose for a Part set the Instrument Picker to None (sound off) or Only MIDI. Which symbol is presented to you depends on the MIDI enabled setting in App Settings : or Make sure MIDI enabled in App Settings is ON and the MIDI channel for the selected Part is mapped to an external instrument, otherwise you will not hear the notes in the Part. Select an ensemble for a movement In Part Settings: Swipe the instrument s image to the right or tap Select ensemble to show the Ensemble Picker : The images of the instruments that make up the Current Ensemble are shown. Notice that Alto Sax here is highlighted because it is the instrument assigned to the 2e part. The Ensemble Picker on the left enables you to select an ensemble for the current movement. It will set the four instruments to the four parts. This could have implications for the part ranges, so after picking an ensemble it is important that you pay attention to that. See Part range versus instrument range for more information. To return to the Instrument Picker, swipe the ensemble images to the left or tap Select instrument. 53

54 Part range versus instrument range As you have seen, every part has an instrument assigned to it. You might also have noticed that you can set the highest an lowest notes possible for every part. This determines the range of the part, and it is not necessarily the same as the range of the assigned instrument. You can set the part range, but you can not set the instrument range. The instrument range obviously is a property of the instrument, you can only change that by selecting a different instrument. There are several reasons for you to limit the part range though. First, limiting the choices for Aimée during harmonization might improve the composition. Secondly you might be writing a part for a musician that is not (yet) able to use the instrument s full range. We would like to distinguish between three situations to explain how YouCompose treats the range issues': 1. The part and instrument ranges are identical. This is the ideal situation. You will not see any warnings in Part Settings. On the Composition View in the Part Header for the part you will see a gray band in the Range Indicator : The position and height of the gray band gives some information about the range of the instrument in relation to a possible full range from C1 to C8. The part range is not shown because it is identical to the instrument range. 2. The part range is (partly or completely) outside the range of the instrument. This is not an ideal situation. A part might contain notes that can not be played on the selected instrument. If you are engaged in producing electronic music, that's no problem, but YouCompose will present you with some red warnings in Part Settings. On the Composition View, in the Range Indicator the part range is colored red: The highest possible note for this part is above the upper limit of the instrument s range. In Part Settings you will see this warning: 54

55 The lowest possible note for this part is beneath the lower limit of the instrument s range. In Part Settings you will see this warning: Both lowest and highest notes are outside the instrument s range. In Part Settings you will see this warning: 3. The part range is completely inside the range of the instrument and smaller. This is not a problem and sometimes even desirable, as mentioned above, but YouCompose will present you with some blue warnings in Part Settings. On the Composition View, in the Range Indicator the part range is colored blue: The lowest possible note for this part is above the lower limit of the instrument s range. In Part Settings you will see this warning: The highest possible note for this part is beneath the upper limit of the instrument s range. In Part Settings you will see this warning: Both lowest and highest notes are within the instrument s range AND the part range is smaller. In Part Settings you will see this warning: 55

56 YouCompose offers you some functions to adjust the part range(s): While selecting an instrument for a part using the Instrument Picker : If the part range is (partly or completely) outside the range of the instrument, this button is visible. Tap it and Aimée will try to set the part range identical to the instrument range. When she succeeds there will be no warnings, but sometimes there are already notes in the part outside the instrument s range that prevent the part range to be properly set and you will be warned. If the part range is completely inside the range of the instrument AND smaller, this button is visible. Tap it and the part range will be set to the instrument s range. Tapping this button will restore the part range to its original values. While selecting an ensemble for a movement using the Ensemble Picker : If the part range of one or more parts is (partly or completely) outside the range of the instrument assigned to the part, this button is visible. Tap it and Aimée will try to set the part ranges in all parts identical to the instrument ranges of the instruments assigned to the parts. When she succeeds there will be no warnings, but sometimes there are already notes in the movement outside the instrument s range that prevent a part range to be properly set and you will be warned. If all part ranges are completely inside the range of the assigned instruments and at least one is smaller, this button in visible. Tap it and all part ranges will be set to the assigned instrument s ranges. Tapping this button will restore all part ranges to its original values. 56

57 Segment Settings The Segment Settings can be accessed from the Composition View by tapping on the composer-added (bright green) fragment within a segment. The Edit Panel will open, now tap Segment Settings for the selected segment. and you will see the Some Segment Settings will also be presented to you when you add a new segment to the current movement, see Let Aimée add a melody to a movement and Adding notes to a movement manually. Setting Segment title Description You can enter a title for the segment here. This title will be displayed in the Composition View. If no title is given a default name (a combination of its key and time signature) is displayed in the Composition View. 57

58 Setting Key Description The key for the segment. Once a segment contains notes, the keys that do not contain one of these notes are disabled leaving the key(s) that contain(s) all notes in the segment. Diatonic Chromatic When set to Diatonic Aimée will use only notes in the diatonic scales for the melody in this segment. If style is set to Classical this also applies to the other harmonized voices. If style is set to Jazz the harmonized voices will always be allowed to have notes from a chromatic scale. When set to Chromatic Aimée will use all notes in the chromatic scales in all voices for all styles. Once a segment contains notes belonging to a chromatic scale this setting can no longer be set to Diatonic. Keyless notation Applies to notation in the score. When set to ON the key of the segment will not be indicated by accidentals at the beginning of a system. Instead all notes will be notated with their accidentals. Notice: Keyless notation does not mean keyless harmonization! If you do not want the key to be notated in the score setting a key is still of importance for Aimée when harmonizing a melody. Time signature The time signature for the segment. You can set a time signature by setting a Numerator and a Denominator separately, allowing time signatures 2/2, 3/2, 4/2, 5/2, 6/2, 7/2, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4, 5/4, 6/4, 7/4, 8/4, 9/4, 3/8, 4/8, 5/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8 and 9/8. Quantization Can be set to 1/4, 1/8 or 1/16 notes. It represents the shortest possible note in the segment or, in other words, the length of one position in the segment. This is important while recording a melody, see Recording a melody and adding it to a movement. Harmonization Style Parts to be harmonized Can be set to Classical or Jazz and determines the style used by Aimée when harmonizing this segment. Tap the part numbers that you want Aimée to harmonize within this segment. Only harmonized parts will contain notes. The part containing the composer-added fragment is grayed out, for obvious reasons it can not be left out since it contains the melody. But it can be left alone! When you do, only the melody will sound and Aimée will not harmonize any other part in this segment. 58

59 Setting Automatic Harmonization Point placing Description This parameter determines how Aimée will set Harmonization Points automatically. See Harmonization Points to learn more about the three types of harmonization points. Below you will find an overview of all settings, see Automatic Harmonization Point placing settings. The last bar in a melody may be treated differently with some settings. If Harmonization Points were edited by the composer, automatic placing is turned off. Instead of this setting you will find the button: Tap it if you want to restore the automatic setting, however if you do, your editing of Harmonization Points will then be lost. Copy lyrics to generated fragments Combine repeating notes in generated fragments Tempo Swing level (Jazz only) This setting is only important if you added lyrics to your melody. If ON, Aimée will copy the lyrics to all other parts during harmonization. She will repeat notes with lyrics, if necessary, on positions where there are no Harmonization Points. This setting determines whether repeating notes within the selected time span in the generated fragments during harmonization, are combined into one note. The playback tempo for the segment. Determines how much swing is applied to 1/8 notes in segments with jazz style harmonization. Only 1/8 notes are affected. When 1/16 notes are present within a beat there will be no swing in that beat. Swing level can be set from 1:1 straight (no swing) to 3:1 hard swing. Default value is 2:1 triplets swing. Automatic Harmonization Point placing settings Automatic Harmonization Point placing setting Every beat On 1 and 3 On 1 and 4 Every bar What Aimée does with it A Harmonization Point will be placed on every beat of every bar. A Harmonization Point will be placed on beat 1 and 3 of every bar. A Harmonization Point will be placed on beat 1 and 4 of every bar. A Harmonization Point will be placed on beat 1 of every bar. 59

60 Automatic Harmonization Point placing setting Every note Polyphonic 1 Polyphonic 2 Polyphonic 3 Anticipate Contra Repeat first bar Repeat 2 bars Repeat 4 bars Random What Aimée does with it A Harmonization Point will be placed on every position where a note in the melody is. Harmonization Points of type 1 will be placed according to the rhythmic pattern of the melody shifted backwards by 1/2 or one bar (depending on the length of the segment). Type 3 Harmonization Points will be placed on every position with a rest in the melody. Harmonization Points of type 1 AND type 3 will be placed according to the rhythmic pattern of the melody shifted backwards by 1/2 or one bar (depending on the length of the segment). Harmonization Points of type 1 and type 3 will be placed according to the rhythmic pattern of the melody in the PRIOR segment. When set to the first segment (no prior segment available) Polyphonic 2 setting is taken. Harmonization Points of type 1 AND type 3 will be placed anticipating the melodic pattern. Harmonization Points of type 1 will be placed in contrast to the rhythmic pattern of the melody. Type 3 Harmonization Points will be placed on every position with a rest in the melody. The pattern of Harmonization Points in the first bar is repeated in all following bars. Harmonization Points within the first bar are of type 2 (purple). This means that they can be edited by the composer without canceling the Automatic Harmonization Point placing process. If you do, the new pattern is instantly updated inside the following bars. The pattern of Harmonization Points in the first two bars is repeated in all following sets of two bars. Harmonization Points within the first two bars are of type 2 (purple). This means that they can be edited by the composer without canceling the Automatic Harmonization Point placing process. If you do, the new pattern is instantly updated inside the following bars. The pattern of Harmonization Points in the first four bars is repeated in all following sets of four bars. Harmonization Points within the first four bars are of type 2 (purple). This means that they can be edited by the composer without canceling the Automatic Harmonization Point placing process. If you do, the new pattern is instantly updated inside the following bars. Harmonization Points will be placed randomly. 60

61 The Movement Manager As you have seen above (see: The basic structure of a composition ), a composition consists of 1 to 4 movements. The Composition View shows you the content of the current movement. The Movement Selector in the toolbar indicates which movement is currently displayed (I, II, III or IV). Tapping this button gives you the option to switch to another movement making that one current and showing its content in the Composition View. The Movement Manager gives you top level control over the movements in your composition. With it you can swap movements within the composition, delete them or add new ones. To access the Movement Manager tap the Movement Selector from the Composition View and then : The above example shows you a composition containing 2 movements (Moderato, Largo-Presto-Largo) and 2 free movement positions (III and IV). Together there are 9 functions that help you manage your movements: Button Function Copies the entire movement to the clipboard. You can now use the Paste button within the Movement Manager to make a copy of this movement in an empty or free position. You can use this copy-paste function to transfer a movement from one composition to another. Plays the movement. 61

62 Button Function Removes the entire movement. Movements that follow the deleted movement will fill in the gap. Causes the movement to swap its position with the one following it. Will open the Create new movement panel. See Let Aimée compose a complete new movement. Puts the previously copied movement in this position. See above under Copy. Adds a new empty movement to your composition. If you are happy with the changes you have made, tap this button in the toolbar. You will return to the Composition View where you will see the changes applied. Tapping this button in the toolbar will take you back to the Composition View. No changes will be made to your composition. 62

63 Let Aimée compose a new movement Since Aimée can harmonize your melodies and is able to compose melodies, you'd think that she must be capable of composing a complete movement. Guess what... she is! Tap the Movement Selector then to open the Movement Manager. in the toolbar of the Composition View, If your composition still has an empty or free movement position you will find the and the Create new movement panel will open: button. Tap it There are 6 parameters that you can set: Setting Style Description Determines the harmonization style for all segments in the new movement, can be: - Classical - Jazz Form Determines the form of the new movement, can be set to: - Sonata - Small binary - Minuet - Scherzo - Fugue - Fugato Main key When set to Random Aimée will choose a main key when composing from scratch or it will be taken from the existing material. 63

64 Setting Diatonic or Chromatic Create from scratch or Use existing material Mood Description When set to Diatonic Aimée will use only notes in the diatonic scales for the melodies. If style is set to Classical this also applies to the other voices. If style is set to Jazz the harmony voices will always be allowed to have notes from a chromatic scale. When set to Chromatic Aimée will use all notes in the chromatic scales in all voices for all styles. Determines how Aimée will make her melodies. She can create them herself from scratch or she can try to use existing melodies that are already there in your composition. See How does Aimée use existing material while composing a movement? for more information (just below here). The Mood setting can be set to: - Lethargic - Sad - Relaxed - Positive - Happy - Energetic This setting is taken into account by Aimée while making the melodies for you. Now tap. Aimée will load the new movement into the composition in its designated position and return control to the Movement Manager. There its melodies are harmonized by her. You can continue creating movements until no more empty or free positions are left. Tapping will take you back to the Movement Manager without adding a new movement. How does Aimée use existing material while composing a movement? When you choose to let Aimée Use existing material while creating a new movement to your composition, she will try to pick up melodies from the composition as it is now. Suitable melodies can only be found in fragments added by the composer that have at least 4 bars and 6 notes for all forms except Fugue. For a fugue a melody with 4 notes and 2 bars is sufficient. If no such fragments are present in one of the movements in the current composition the option Use existing material will not be available. If suitable fragments are available Aimée will examine them starting with the first suitable fragment in the movement previous to the movement you are composing. This does not mean that a melody found there can always be used by Aimée because there can be other reasons for her not to use it, for instance when its range is too large, its key does not fit your Main key selection or there is a chromatics problem. If you select Random for Main key the key of the first suitable fragment will be set as Main key. When Aimée is not able to use any of the existing melodies she will display an alert box with the most probable cause and create her own melodies instead. 64

65 YouCompose User Manual Audiobus, AudioCopy and Inter-App Audio Audiobus and YouCompose Audiobus allows audio streaming between music apps on your device, it is used by professionals. This manual is not going to explain how Audiobus works. Here we assume you know. If you want information on Audiobus, google Audiobus and you will find all you need. For those who use Audiobus or Audiobus Remote here are some specifics: YouCompose acts as an input app in Audiobus. In Audiobus and Audiobus Remote it offers the standard Play/Stop and Rewind buttons. The Rewind button is not disabled during playback, you can engage it at any time. Additionally in Audiobus Remote YouCompose offers 4 remote triggers that allow you to adjust the reverb and output levels: The Reverb - and + and Level - and + buttons will be disabled when their limits are reached. Notice: The output level can not be reduced to zero, there will always be a minimum audible level. 65

66 Using AudioCopy YouCompose User Manual AudioCopy by Retronyms inc offers a way to copy paste audio from one compatible app into another. When you have the AudioCopy app installed on your device all copied sounds are gathered there in a nice list. In AudioCopy you can edit the sounds and upload them to SoundCloud. This manual is not going to explain how the AudioCopy app works. If you want more information google AudioCopy and you will find all you need. For (audio)copying and pasting to work you do not need the app as the example that follows will show you. As an example we will show you how to (audio)copy a segment from YouCompose and paste it in GarageBand: Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View, then to open the Audio Export panel: Make sure AudioCopy is selected in the toolbar. Now select the part and/or segment you want to copy (here we will take all parts from segment 1). If necessary you can adjust the audio output level to make sure the audio is not to soft or loud. When you intend to use the audio file as a loop in an other app make sure Export as loop is selected, otherwise select Export as song in which case a decaying reverb at the end is included in the recording. Now tap : The Audio Export panel will disappear and you will hear the music being recorded by YouCompose and a dialog box will be presented indicating its progress: Tapping Cancel will stop recording and cancel AudioCopy. 66

67 If you wish you can change the file title here. Now tap Copy Audio to copy the segment to the audio clipboard. Open Garageband and open one of your songs. Make sure Tracks view is open. Move the playhead to the point where you want the audio to start. Tap the track where you want to paste the audio: Now tap Paste. You can also tap an empty area of Tracks view, then tap Paste. In this case the audio file is pasted into a new empty track. Pasting the audio file into a Live Loop is also possible. 67

68 YouCompose User Manual Recording Audio with Inter-App Audio YouCompose is Inter-App Audio (IAA) compatible (as Generator ) and supports background audio. This means that it can send its audio output to any other IAA compatible Host app such as GarageBand. As an example we will show you how to record a movement from YouCompose to GarageBand: First open GarageBand and start a new song. Look for Inter-App Audio apps in Instruments, it looks like this: Tap it. Make sure Instruments is selected, you will see the icons of all IAA compatible Generator apps on your device. One of them is YouCompose: Tap the YouCompose icon. YouCompose will now be activated. At the bottom of your screen in YouCompose, you should see a small panel showing the GarageBand icon and a few controls, like this: This panel serves as a remote control of the host App, in this case GarageBand. You can drag this panel to any other location within the screen if it gets in your way. Now tap the GarageBand icon in the remote control. You will return to GarageBand in the Audio Recorder : You can see the YouCompose icon next to the jack plug on the left side, telling you that YouCompose is plugged in. 68

69 YouCompose User Manual On the right side, inside the Beat Ruler you will find a white button. + Tap it and make sure Section Length is set to Automatic : Now tap the YouCompose icon next to the jack plug on the left. It will bring you back in YouCompose. There is the remote control, waiting for you to start recording: Make sure you have the movement you want to record as current movement in the Composition View of YouCompose and the playhead is in the right position. Now tap the Record button on the remote control: You may hear GarageBand s metronome, wait until you see the time indicator running, then tap the play button YouCompose. to start playback in GarageBand is now recording YouCompose s audio output. During recording you can switch between YouCompose and GarageBand tapping the icons as many times as you like to monitor the process. When playback in YouCompose is finished tap the stop button. GarageBand stops recording. Now tap the GarageBand icon to switch to GarageBand to see the result: If you like you can add an effect to the audio by tapping one of the nine effect icons. In the toolbar you see: 69

70 Now tap to see the tracks in GarageBand: And there you have your audio track with your movement s audio ready to be processed further in GarageBand. If your recording turns out to be too loud (or soft) you can adjust the Output level in the small remote control panel in YouCompose before recording the movement again. 70

71 Exporting your composition Exporting an audio file directly into another App. YouCompose can export an audio file containing the current movement or a part, segment or fragment of it to any app on your device that is registered to be able to receive these files. Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View, then to open the Audio Export panel: Make sure Export file is selected in the toolbar. If you want you can select a part and/or segment from the current movement, otherwise the entire movement will be exported. Now select the file type for your audio file that you need: Audio file type MIDI Details A MIDI file has the extension.mid and is of format 1. The first track, the tempo track does not contain notes. All parts have their own track with all channel events. If you added lyrics in the Note Editor they will be contained in the MIDI file. Parts (tracks) that do not contain notes are skipped. Only for MIDI file: When the harmonization style Jazz is used in your movement or selected part, segment or fragment, you have the option to have swing included (or not) in the MIDI file. When the MIDI file is intended for playback or electronic music production you should include swing but when you intend to use it in a score editor you should not. aac This is the smallest compressed file. 71

72 Audio file type m4a Details A small compressed file, slightly larger than aac, containing itunes data album, album artist, artist, composer (if defined), user comment with the date and time of the exported file, song name, genre, track numbers, lyrics (when present) and a YouCompose icon as artwork. Select this file type if you want to export to itunes! aiff caf wav Uncompressed file. Large but with better quality. Uncompressed file. Large but with better quality. Uncompressed file. Large but with better quality. Best suited for Windows. If necessary you can adjust the audio output level to make sure the audio is not to soft or loud. When you intend to use the audio file as a loop in an other app make sure Export as loop is selected, otherwise select Export as song in which case a decaying reverb at the end is included in the recording. After you made your selections tap : The Audio Export panel will disappear. If the file type you selected is aac, m4a, aiff, caf or wav your selection will be recorded first by YouCompose. During this process you will hear the music being recorded and a dialog box will be presented to you indicating its progress: Tapping Cancel will stop recording and cancel export. If no apps can be found to open the resulting audio file you will be notified by YouCompose, otherwise a dialog box will appear showing you the apps that can open the audio file. Simply tap on the app of your choice. This app will run and start opening the file. How an app opens a file is up to that app, YouCompose does not have any control over that. 72

73 Sending a YouCompose, audio or MIDI file or the score via YouCompose can send an message containing the YouCompose file, an m4a audio file for each movement and/or a MIDI file for each movement and/or a PDF document containing the score using your standard client. Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View, then, the Composition panel opens: Enter a subject for your message. If you wish you can enter text in the second pane, this is optional. Tapping in the Composition panel will open the Composition Settings enabling you to set parameters for the score. If the receiver of your message also has YouCompose installed on his or her device you can include the YouCompose file. The receiver can import this file into YouCompose, see Importing a YouCompose file. Now decide which additional document(s) you want to include in your message, an m4a audio file or a MIDI file for each movement or a PDF file containing the score or all. The m4a files will contain itunes data album, album artist, artist, composer (if defined), user comment with the date and time of the 73

74 exported file, song name, genre, track numbers, lyrics (when present) and the YouCompose icon as artwork. The PDF will contain the full score and the scores of all 4 (transposed) parts. When the harmonization style Jazz is used in your composition you have the option to have swing included (or not) in the MIDI files. When the MIDI files are intended for playback or electronic music production you should include swing but when the receiver intends to use them in a score editor you should not. Tap Send . Your standard client will now open with the composed . There you can send it the way you re used to sending an . Exporting a YouCompose file to another App. YouCompose can export a YouCompose file containing all movements to any app on your device that excepts it. Dropbox or any other file exchange app would be a good example to use if you quickly want to transfer a composition from one device running YouCompose to another running YouCompose. This function is also useful if you want to have external backup files of your YouCompositions. Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View, then : If no apps can be found to open this file you will be notified by YouCompose, otherwise a dialog box will appear showing you the apps that accept files. Simply tap on the app of your choice. This app will run and start opening the file. How an app opens this file is up to that app, YouCompose does not have any control over that. Exporting a YouCompose file would be useless without an import function. So there is one. See Importing a YouCompose file to learn about it. 74

75 Exporting a composition to another device using AirDrop Sharing your composition with other musicians is easy. A prerequisite is that both users, the composer and the musician, have YouCompose running on their device and WiFi or Bluetooth turned ON. We will assume that you, the composer, wish to send the composition to a musician or to a group of musicians. You are the sender and the musicians are all receiver. Below is a step-by-step guide which will help you transmit a composition: Step Action by sender Action by receiver 1 2 Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View. Tap Tap Tap in the toolbar of the Files View. 3 The AirDrop SEND panel will appear and your device will immediately search for other nearby devices: The AirDrop RECEIVE panel will appear and your device will immediately wait for a sender to connect: 4 Tap on ipad Musician Wait for sender 5 The nearby-search-panel will change: You will be asked to accept the connection with the composer: 6 Wait for receiver Accept the connection by tapping Accept. 75

76 Step Action by sender Action by receiver 7 The nearby-search-panel will change: The AirDrop RECEIVE panel will change: Notice the availability of the Done button. 8 Optionally: Add more musicians to the INVITEES list. Wait for sender 9 Tap Done Wait for sender 10 Data is sent. Data is received. 11 You re done. For ipad users: tap anywhere on the screen to return to the Composition View For iphone users: tap upper right corner. in the Now tap to save the received composition in the compositions folder. You will return to the Files View and find the newly received composition as current with the typical blue background: 76

77 Print score YouCompose User Manual Tap in the toolbar of the Composition View, then. The score, consisting of a full score and all the individual parts will be opened in Apple s standard PDF reader. Tap in the upper right corner to access any one of your AirPrint compatible printers or to export the score to other applications like ibooks. Setting parameters like print quality, page size, orientation and staff size can be done in Composition Settings. 77

78 iphone X YouCompose will detect when it is running on an iphone X and adapt its interface. If you have an iphone X then keep the notch on the right side to benefit from this: 78