General Index. bandpass 140 bandpass filter 141 bandstop 140 bandstop filters 141 bar plot 26 bars 26 bathymetry 154

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1 General Index A accessible population 2 adaptive filtering 143 adaptive process 143 addition 18 Aitchisons log-ratio transformation 223 alternative hypothesis 51 amplitude 134 analog filters 119 analysis of residuals 72 anisotropy 185 ans 15, 23 answer 15 arithmetic mean 31, 163 array 15, 18 artifacts 169 artificial filters 120 ASCII 19 ASTER 199, 204 asterisk 18 autoscaling 218, 223 available population 2 axesm 153 axis 26, 65 B bandpass 140 bandpass filter 141 bandstop 140 bandstop filters 141 bar plot 26 bars 26 bathymetry 154 Bernoulli distribution 43 bilinear interpolation 169 bimodal 32 binary digits 19 binomial distribution 43 bits 19, 195 bivariate analysis 61 bivariate data set 62 blank 15 blind source separation 226 block kriging 190 BMP 198 bootstrap 66, 74 bootstrp 66 box and whisker plot 38 boxplot 38 butter 140 Butterworth filter 140 bytes 16, 195 C canc 145 capital letters 16 case sensitive 16 causal 125 causal indexing 129 causality 123 central tendency 30 Chi-squared distribution 49 Chi-squared test 56 chi2inv 58, 74 clabel 166 class 16 classes 30

2 232 General Index classical regression 68 classical variogram 176 clear 16 closed data 6 cluster analysis 214, 221 clustered sampling 4 coastline vector 152 cocktail party problem 226 colon operator 17 colorbar 156, 160 colormap 157, 168, 202 column 15 comma 15 Command History 12, 13 Command Window 12, 13 comment 20 comment line 23 comments 23 complex conjugate transpose 18 confidence interval 71, 80 confidence testing 72 continuity 121 contour 165 contourf 166 contouring 161 Control-C 17 control points 162 conv 125, 126, 127 convolution 125 cophenet correlation coefficient 225 corrcoef 65 corrected sum of products 64 correlation coefficient 62 correlation coefficients 218 correlation matrix 217 correlation similarity coefficient 222 covariance 64 cp2tform 208 cross validation 77 Ctrl-C 17 cubic polynomial splines 164 cumulative distribution function 41, 50 cumulative histogram 30 Current Directory 12, 13 curvilinear regression 80 cutoff frequency 140 D degrees of freedom 33, 48 Delauney triangulation 162 DEM 156 dendrogram 224 dependent variable 61, 68 descriptive statistics 29 difference equation 129 digital elevation model 157 digital filters 119 digital terrain elevation model 157 digitizing 151, 209 dimension 16 directional data 6 directional variograms 185 dispersion 30, 34 display 25 disttool 51 dots per inch 197 dpi 197 drifts 174 DTEM 157 E edge effects 171 edit 13 Edit Mode 27 Editor 12, 13, 20 Edit Plot 27 element-by-element 18 ellipsis 71 empirical distribution 29, 41 Encapsulated PostScript 198 end 21, 22 EPS 198 error bounds 71 ETOPO2 154 Euclidian distance 221 expected frequencies 57

3 General Index 233 experimental variogram 177 export data 19 F F-test 53 factor analysis 214 F distribution 48 fields 71 Figure Window 25, 26 File 14 File menu 27, 28 filter 119, 125, 127, 140 filter design 139 filters weights 143 filter weights 125 filtfilt 125, 140 find 38, 160 finv 55 for 21 Fourier transforms 131 frequency-selective filter 141 frequency-selective filters 120 frequency characteristics 140 frequency distribution 30 frequency domain 131 frequency response 134, 141 freqz 136 function 23, 24 functions 22 G Gamma function 49 gaps 20 gaussian distribution 45 gaussian noise 140 general shape 30 Generate M-File 27, 28 geometric anisotropy 185 geometric mean 32 georeferencing 207 geostatistics 162, 173 ginput 210 global trends 174 goodness-of-fit 71, 78 graph3d 167 graphical user interface 50 graphics functions 25 grayscale image 195 grid 27 griddata 165, 169 gridding 151, 161 grid points 162 GSHHS 152 GTOPO GUI 50 H harmonic mean 32 HDF 207 help 24 highpass 140 highpass filter 141 hist 36 histogram 30 History 12 hold 26 hypothesis 51 hypothesis testing 29 hypothetical population 2 I if 21, 22 image processing 193 images 193 imagesc 224 imfinfo 201 imhist 201 import data 19 impulse response 131, 132 imshow 200 imtransform 208 imwrite 201 independent component analysis 214, independent variable 61, 68

4 234 General Index indexed color image 201 indexing 17 inner-product similarity index 222 inner product 18 input 23 input signal 119 Insert Legend 27 intensity image 196 intensity values 196 interpolation artifacts 169 interval data 6 invertibility 123 iterations 146 J jackknife 66, 76 Joint Photographic Experts Group 199 JPEG 199 K K-means clustering 223 K-nearest-neighbors clustering 223 kriging 162, 173 kriging variance 186 kurtosis 35, 39 L lag distance 177 lag tolerance 185 lag width 185 least-mean-squares algorithm 144 length 54 linearity 122 linear kriging system 186 linear regression 68, 69 linear system 122 linear time-invariant filter 130 linear time-invariant systems 124 linear transformation 18 linear trend 64, 70 linkage 224 LINUX 13 LMS algorithm 144 load 20 loads 216 local trends 174 log-ratio transformation 223 logarithmic normal distribution 46 lognormal kriging 176 lower-case letters 16 lowpass 140 lowpass filter 141 LTI systems 124 M M-files 21 Macintosh OS X 13 magnitude response 134 Manhattan distance 222 MAT-files 21 MATLAB 11 MATLAB Editor 20 matrix 15 matrix division 18 matrix element 16 matrix indexing 17 matrix multiplication 18 max 37 mean 30, 37, 45 mean-squared error 144 mean centering 218, 223 median 30, 31, 38 mesh 167 meshgrid 157, 160 Microsoft Windows 13 Microsoft Windows Bitmap Format 198 min 37 minput 210 missing data 20 mixing matrix 228 mode 32 monitor 197 multi-parameter methods 213

5 General Index 235 multimodal 32 multiplication 18 multiplying element-by-element 18 multivariate analysis 213 multivariate data sets 213 N NaN 20, 155 nanmean 39 natural filters 119 nearest-neighbor criterion 162 nested models 182 noise 119, 143 nominal data 3 non-causal filters 125 nonlinear system 122 nonrecursive filters 129 normal distribution 45 normalizing 57 normcdf 51 normpdf 51 Not-a-Number 20, 155 nugget effect 182 nuggets 182 null hypothesis 51 Nyquist frequency 140 O objective variogram modeling 183 observed frequencies 57 observed values 72 omni directional variograms 185 optimization problem 144 order of the filter 125 ordinal data 6 ordinary point kriging 185 outlier 66 output 23 output signal 119 P paired low and high 170 passband 140 path 14 pathdef 14 pcolor 166 pdist 224 Pearsons correlation coefficients 62 percentiles 32 percent sign 20 periodogram 131 phase 134 phase shift 132 picture elements 194 pixels 194 pixels per inch 197 plot 25 point kriging 190 Poisson distribution 44 polyfit 70 polytool 71 polyval 71 population 1, 29 Portable Document Format 199 Postscript 198 power of matrices 18 ppi 197 prctile 38 predicted values 72 prediction error 78 predictor variable 68 primary input 144 principal component analysis 214 principal component loads 216 principal components 215 principal component scores 216 princomp 216, 218 print 208 probability density function 41, 50 probability distribution 41 Property Editor 28 PS 198

6 236 General Index Q quantiles 32 quartiles 32 quintiles 32 R randn 65 random numbers 50 random sampling 4 randtool 50 range 30, 33, 37, 181 raster data 151, 193, 194 ratio data 6 realization 119 rectangular distribution 42 recursive filters 129 reduced major axis regression 69, 78 reduction of dimensionality 214 reference input 144 regionalized variables 173 regression coefficient 69 regressor variable 68 regular sampling 4 resampling schemes 66 residuals 72 resolution 197 return 15 RGB 196, 200 RGB composite 206 RMA regression 78 rolling die 43 Rotate 3D 27 row 15 running mean 136 S sample 1, 29 samples 29 sample size 2, 184 sampling design 185 sampling scheme 3 satellite images 204 save 20 Save as 27, 28 scalar 15 scaling 57 scatter plot 70 scores 216 scripts 22 search path 14 semicolon 15 semivariance 177 semivariogram 177 separated components 227 separation distance 185 separation vector 177 Set Path 14 shading 155, 160 shape 30, 34 shoreline data 152 Shuttle Radar Topography Mission 158 signal 143 signal processing 119 significance 66 significance level 51 sill 181 similarity coefficient 222 similarity index 222 size 22 skewness 35, 39 Solaris 13 spatial data 6 spatially-distributed data 151 spatial sampling scheme 3 splines 164 splines with tension 173 square brackets 15 squareform 224 SRTM 158 stability 124 standard deviation 30, 33, 45 standard normal distribution 45 statistical significance 66 std 39 stem 133

7 General Index 237 step function 121 stopband 140 store data 19 structures 71 Students t distribution 47 subplot 26 subtraction 18 sum 15 SUN Solaris 13 superposition 122 surf 157, 168 surface estimation 162 surfc 168 surrogates 66 system theory 119 T t-test 51 Tagged Image File Format 198 t distribution 47 TERRA-ASTER satellite image 199 Text Editor 12, 13, 20, 21 tform 208 theoretical distribution 29, 41 theory of regionalized variables 173 TIFF 198 time domain 131 time invariance 122 time series 15 title 27 Tools menu 27 topography 154 transpose 18 triangulation 162 trimodal 32 true color image 197 tsplines 173 ttest2 52 U uint8 200 uniform distribution 42 uniform sampling 4 unimodal 32 unit impulse 121, 132 univariate analysis 29 UNIX 13 unwrap 137 user 14 username 14 V var 39 variables 16 variance 33 variogram 173 variogram cloud 178 variogram estimator 177, 179 variogram model 181 variography 176 vector data 151, 193, 194 vectors 15 visualization 25 W weighted mean 163 whitening 225 whos 16, 17 workspace 12, 13, 15 X xlabel 27 Y ylabel 27 Z z distribution 46 zonal anisotropy 185 Zoom 27

STAT 113: Statistics and Society Ellen Gundlach, Purdue University. (Chapters refer to Moore and Notz, Statistics: Concepts and Controversies, 8e)

STAT 113: Statistics and Society Ellen Gundlach, Purdue University (Chapters refer to Moore and Notz, Statistics: Concepts and Controversies, 8e) Learning Objectives for Exam 1: Unit 1, Part 1: Population