Penguin Literature, The American Experience 2007 coverage of Model Unit content and skills

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1 MODEL UNIT 10.1: AMERICAN POST WORLD WAR II DRAMA Big Ideas/Themes Essential Questions Big Ideas powers of the individual, individual vs. government or religious authority, individuals as members of a community, willingness to make sacrifices for the truth, dealing with powerful accusers, Puritanism, resentment, hysteria, hypocrisy Iroquois, from The Iroquois Constitution, p. 26 Olaudah Equiano, from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, p. 160 Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence, p. 170 Ralph Waldo Emerson, from Self-Reliance, p. 393 Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p. 416 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, p. 532 Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, p. 533 Rev. Henry M. Turner, Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, p. 559 Sojourner Truth, An Account of an Experience With Discrimination, p. 561 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Themes Literature can be used to strengthen the individual and regain power from those who would use it for their own purposes. Truth has no meaning when men believe only what they want to believe. Olaudah Equiano, from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, p. 160 Ralph Waldo Emerson, from Self-Reliance, p. 393 Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p. 416 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Sojourner Truth, An Account of an Experience With Discrimination, p. 561 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p Persuasive techniques, Evaluating: persuasive appeals, 201, 210, the writer's statement of philosophy, 405, 408, 409, 411, 413, 416, 418, a writer's message, 1163, 1167, 1170, 1174, 1176,

2 Essential Questions What is the importance of individuality? Ralph Waldo Emerson, from Self-Reliance, p. 393 How can people use their power to make a difference in their lives and the lives of others? What are the risks and rewards of using the power of the individual? Quotations The closer a man approaches tragedy the more intense is his concentration of emotion upon the fixed point of his commitment, which is to say the closer he approaches what in life we call fanaticism. Arthur Miller Whatever hysteria exists is inflamed by mystery, suspicion and secrecy. Hard and exact facts will cool it. Elia Kazan I am not sure what The Crucible is telling people now, but I know that its paranoid center is still pumping out the same darkly attractive warning that it did in the fifties. Arthur Miller Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p. 416 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Literary Genre Focus/Anchor Texts Narrative Text Drama The Crucible, Arthur Miller From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, Arthur Miller on The Crucible, The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Informational Text Essay The Dying Girl That No One Helped, Loudon Wainright John Hersey, from Hiroshima, p

3 Persuasive Essay Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau From Walden Henry David Thoreau, p. 406 From Civil Disobedience Henry David Thoreau, p. 416 Media Movie Power of One Linking Texts/Media Media Goodnight and Good Luck I am only one person; I don t matter very much. We will not walk in fear of one another. Hotel Rwanda video Valentina s Nightmare da Evaluation of a film, 1057 Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 A&E documentary: A Son s Confession excerpts from The Crucible Hytner, director, Day-Lewis, Allen, Ryder Texts Why I Wrote The Crucible: An Artist s Answer to Politics by Arthur Miller fr_archive02 Timebends: A Life Arthur Miller Autobiography Informational Text on Joseph McCarthy such as: Twentieth-Century Witch-Hunter: Joseph R. McCarthy Reply to McCarthy Owen Lattimore Miller Reacts to a Witch-Hunt From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp

4 Poetry The Road Not Taken Robert Frost Poems by Robert Frost in this level of Penguin Literature: Birches p. 882 Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening p. 885 Mending Wall p. 886 Out, Out p. 888 The Gift Outright p. 890 Acquainted with Night p. 892 ( The Road Not Taken is in the 9 th grade program) Poetry of Taylor, Bradstreet, Bryant, Longfellow, Poe Speeches/Essays On Civil Disobedience Mohandis Ghandi (excerpts) The American Scholar essays by Emerson (excerpts) Self-Reliance by Emerson The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, p. 275 Thanatopsis William Cullen Bryant, p. 277 The Raven Edgar Allan Poe, p. 330 Iroquois, from The Iroquois Constitution, p. 26 Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence, p. 170 Thomas Paine, from The Crisis, Number 1, p. 174 Patrick Henry, Speech in the Virginia Convention, p. 202 Benjamin Franklin, Speech in the Convention, p. 207 Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, p. 532 Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, p. 533 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 William Faulkner, Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech, p. 875 John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, p Transcendentalism: The Seekers, pp On Ralph Waldon Emerson Charles Johnson, p. 386 From Nature by Ralph Waldon Emerson, p. 390 From Self-Reliance by Ralph Waldon Emerson, p

5 Music Lyrics Outside a Small Circle of Friends Phil Ochs Concept development, words from music, 680 Presentation, musical, 495 Genre Study and Literary Analysis Narrative Text Genre Study Characteristics of Historical Drama American Colonial Poetry American Renaissance Poetry and Essays Post World War II Drama From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, Arthur Miller on The Crucible, The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Edward Taylor, Huswifery, Poem, 94 Anne Bradstreet, To My Dear and Loving Husband, Poem, 96 Phillis Wheatley, An Hymn to the Evening, Poem, 182, Phillis Wheatley, To His Excellency, General Washington, Poem, 184 From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, Arthur Miller on The Crucible, The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Political Allegory The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Literary Elements elements of a drama Dramatic monologue, 715, 717, 718, 721 From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, Arthur Miller on The Crucible, The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Dramatic exposition, 1256, 1259, 1269, 1276, 1281, dialogue - stage directions Dialogue, 1258, 1259, 1263, 1267, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1285, 1288 Stage directions, 1256, 1258, 1259, 1267, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1285,

6 - essential background information From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Susan Power Talks About the Time Period, 2 3, Tim O Brien Talks About the Time Period, , Arthur Miller Talks About the Time Period, Unit Introductions (Time Line), 4 5, , , , , Unit Introductions: Literature of Early America, 4 13, Early National Literature, , Nineteenth Century Literature, , The Age of Realism, , The Modern Age, , The Contemporary Period, The American Experience: A Living Tradition, John Berryman and Anne Bradstreet, 12, Walden Pond and Tinker Creek, 251, N. Scott Momaday and the Indian Oral Tradition, 479, A.R. Ammons, Emersonian Postmodernist, 976 About the Author (Build Skills), 16, 40, 58, 68, 92, 100, 140, 158, 168, 180, 200, 214, 256, 272, 296, 310, 338, 356, 388, 404, 424, 438, 484, 496, 504, 516, 530, 548, 574, 590, 606, 618, 640, 650, 658, 668, 714, , 740, 764, 772, 782, 792, , 838, 846, 860, 880, 896, 912, 924, 936, 980, 996, 1010, 1028, 1048, 1060, 1074, 1088, 1102, 1114, 1130, 1144, 1162, 1182, 1196, 1214, 1226, 1238, exposition - rising action - conflict (internal/external) - climax - falling action - resolution/denouement Exposition: anticlimax, 783, 785, 786, 787, 789 climax, 641, 783, 785, 786, 787, 789, , 1115, 1127 denouement, , 1115, 1127 development, 1115, 1127 falling action, inciting incident, 1115, 1127 rising action, 783, 785, 786, 789, theme Theme, 357, 362, 370, 372, 375, 765, 768, 769, , 1215, 1223, 1342, 1343, 1344, 1345, 1349, 1350, 1351, 1353, 1354, 1355, 1357, 1359; implied theme, 1197, 1201, 1203, 1204, 1207, 1211 character traits Characters/Characterization, 257, 269, 669, 672, 673, 675, 679, 741, 744, 745, 748, 749, 750, 751, 753, 757, 759, 761, , 981, 984, 986, , 993, 1011, 1015, 1019, 1021, 1023,

7 connections between plot, setting, theme, and selected literary devices Literary Analysis (Apply the Skills), 29, 49, 63, 84, 97, 107, 151, 165, 177, 187, 210, 223, 269, 289, 306, 335, 353, 375, 399, 418, 435, 451, 493, 501, 513, 527, 537, 563, 587, 603, 615, 636, 647, 655, 665, 679, 721, 737, 761, 769, 779, 789, 800, 829, 843, 857, 877, 893, 907, 921, 933, 941, 993, 1007, 1025, 1045, 1055, 1071, 1085, 1099, 1111, 1127, 1138, 1159, 1178, 1193, 1211, 1223, 1235, 1247, 1288, 1312, 1340, 1359 Comparing Literary Works (Apply the Skills), 29, 49, 84, 97, 151, 177, 187, 210, 223, 289, 306, 335, 399, 418, 435, 451, 493, 501, 537, 563, 587, 615, 655, 665, 737, 779, 800, 829, 843, 877, 893, 907, 933, 941, 1055, 1085, 1138, 1159, 1178, 1211, 1223, 1235, 1247 Focus On Literary Forms: Narrative Accounts, 56 57, Speeches, , Poetry, , Diaries, Journals, and Letters, , Short Stories, , Essays, Connecting Literary Elements (Apply the Skills), 63, 107, 165, 269, 353, 375, 513, 527, 603, 636, 647, 679, 721, 761, 769, 789, 857, 921, 993, 1007, 1025, 1045, 1071, 1099, 1111, 1127, 1193, 1288, 1312, 1340, 1359 Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Periods, , Analytic Essay: Evaluate Literary Themes, , , , Compare and Contrast Literary Trends, , chronology Chronological order, Flashback, 847, 852, 854, 857, 1071, 1115, 1118, 1127 Foreshadowing, 1061, 1063, 1064, 1066, 1067, 1068, 1071 influence of syntax and diction Diction, 201, 203, 210, 439, 440, 444, 451, 531, 532, 534, 537, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1055 Literary Devices allusion paradox allegory Allusion, 715, 717, 721, 1290, 1293, 1300, 1304, 1309, 1312, R9 7

8 irony (dramatic, situational, verbal) Irony, 618, 622, 625, 627, 634, 636, 641, 647, 866, 870, 1314, 1317, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1325, 1327, 1330, 1331, 1334, 1335, 1337, 1338, 1340 conceit (extended metaphor) Figurative language: metaphor, 405, 412, 418, 423, 937, 941, extended metaphor, 937, 941, 1342, 1355, 1359 propaganda Reading Informational Materials: Web Site, 87 89, , Historic Memorandum, , Public Document, , Mission Statement and Calendar of Events, , Critical Review, Reading Informational Materials (Reading Skill): Press Release, Fact and Opinion, 190, Public Document, Analyzing Author s Beliefs, 540 Checking for subjectivity or bias, 57 Distinguishing between fact and opinion, 190, 193, 215, 221, 223, 549, 555, 557, 558, 563, 1035 Historical/Cultural Puritanism/theocracy historical and political significance of play McCarthyism and prejudice gender inequality hysteria caused by religious people From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp

9 Critical Perspective characteristics of literary critique Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Periods, , Analytic Essay: Evaluate Literary Themes, , , , Compare and Contrast Literary Trends, , quotations from the text to illustrate themes, motives, or author s purpose Writing Applications: critical review, 879, critical response, 1047 Timed Writing: literary criticism, 337, critical review, 605, critical response, 909, 1057, Critical review, 1101, book review, 1213, Critical review, 1365 Reading Informational Materials (Reading Skill): Comparing and Contrasting Critical Reviews, 1362 Informational Text Genre Study Characteristics of magazine article media clip Anna Quindlen, One Day, Now Broken In Two, p Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 biography and autobiography Autobiography, 141, 143, 145, 147, 151, 505, 509, 511, 513, 921 Autobiography, 143, 145, 147, 151, 505, 509, 511, 513, 913, 915, 916, 921 Autobiography, social context in, 913, 915, 916, 921 Writing Workshops: Narration: Autobiographical Narrative, persuasive essay Persuasion, 169, 170, 171, 172, 177, , 1227, 1231, 1235 Persuasive techniques, Evaluating: persuasive appeals, 201, 210, the writer's statement of philosophy, 405, 408, 409, 411, 413, 416, 418, a writer's message, 1163, 1167, 1170, 1174, 1176, 1178 Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay,

10 literary critique Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Periods, , Analytic Essay: Evaluate Literary Themes, , , , Compare and Contrast Literary Trends, , Writing Applications: critical review, 879, critical response, 1047 Timed Writing: literary criticism, 337, critical review, 605, critical response, 909, 1057, Critical review, 1101, book review, 1213, Critical review, 1365 Reading Informational Materials (Reading Skill): Comparing and Contrasting Critical Reviews, 1362 Expository Elements thesis Identifying the author's thesis, 1143 Also see: Charting to develop a thesis, 226 supporting ideas statistical evidence Identifying the main idea and supporting details, 1227, 1229, 1231, 1232, 1234, 1235 Drawing conclusions based on evidence, 110 Analyzing evidence, 1361 chronology Putting events in order, 1061, 1065, 1071 Persuasive Elements appeals - logical (begging the question, either/or thinking, the domino theory, equivocation, false analogy, false cause) - emotional (to fear, pity, hasty generalization, personal attack, special pleading) - ethical (to authority) - strategies to persuade (analogies, anecdotes, illustrations) Persuasion, 169, 170, 171, 172, 177, , 1227, 1231, 1235 Persuasive techniques, Evaluating: persuasive appeals, 201, 210, the writer's statement of philosophy, 405, 408, 409, 411, 413, 416, 418, a writer's message, 1163, 1167, 1170, 1174, 1176, 1178 Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay,

11 style (diction, figurative language, imagery) Figurative language, 181, 187, 405, 412, 418, 423, 793, 796, 798, 800, 839, 843, 937, 941, 1342, 1355, 1359 Diction, 201, 203, 210, 439, 440, 444, 451, 531, 532, 534, 537, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1055 Imagery, 423, 793, 800, 937, 941, 1029, 1045 elevated language Style, 56 57, 297, 306, 405, 408, 412, 418, 1049, 1050, 1051, 1052, 1055 The Development of American English: Our Native American Heritage, 14, Noah Webster and the American Language, 138, The Truth about O.K., 254, Mark Twain and the American Language, 482, Slang as It is Slung, 712, Brave New Words, 978 The Origin and Development of English, R8 R9 rhetorical questions Rhetorical devices, repetition Repetition, Organizational Patterns fact/opinion Distinguishing between fact and opinion, 190, 193, 215, 221, 223, 549, 555, 557, 558, 563, 1035 Also see: Persuasive techniques, Evaluating: persuasive appeals, 201, 210, the writer's statement of philosophy, 405, 408, 409, 411, 413, 416, 418, a writer's message, 1163, 1167, 1170, 1174, 1176, 1178 cause/effect Recognizing cause-and-effect relationships, 237 Identifying cause and effect, 1183, 1187, 1188, 1190, 1191,

12 theory/evidence Drawing conclusions based on evidence, 110 Analyzing evidence, 1361 compare/contrast Comparing and contrasting critical reviews, 1362 Comparing Literary Works (Apply the Skills), 29, 49, 84, 97, 151, 177, 187, 210, 223, 289, 306, 335, 399, 418, 435, 451, 493, 501, 537, 563, 587, 615, 655, 665, 737, 779, 800, 829, 843, 877, 893, 907, 933, 941, 1055, 1085, 1138, 1159, 1178, 1211, 1223, 1235, 1247 Features media conventions and special effects headings, subheadings, graphics, boldface, italics, parenthesis personal vs. business letter formats Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 Reading Informational Materials (Reading Skill): Locating Information, 87, Text Structures: Patterns of Organization, 292 Writing Personal/Business Letters: R24 R25 Writing Workshops: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio and Résumé (Cover Letter), 1375 Also see: Letters, 215, 218, 221, 223, 549, 550, 552, 554, 559, 563, 1039 Letter, personal, 225 Letter to an author, 437, 1180 Historical/Cultural 12

13 McCarthyism and prejudice gender inequality hysteria caused by politicians From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Critical Perspective knowledge vs. prejudice media: critical viewing, camera focus Olaudah Equiano, from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, p. 160 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 Rev. Henry M. Turner, Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, p. 559 Sojourner Truth, An Account of an Experience With Discrimination, p. 561 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 Reading, Listening/Viewing Strategies and Activities Reading Reading Activities Reading portions of the play aloud Readers Theatre Listening and Speaking: Dramatic reading, 189, 337, 565, 943, 1213, Dramatic reading, 291, Poetry reading, 437, Choral reading, 503, Dramatic scene, 878, 1313, Oral interpretation of a speech, 617, Soliloquy, 649, Oral interpretation of a poem,

14 Viewing films with a critical focus on purpose Evaluation of a film, 1057 Analyzing characters Characters/Characterization, 257, 269, 669, 672, 673, 675, 679, 741, 744, 745, 748, 749, 750, 751, 753, 757, 759, 761, , 981, 984, 986, , 993, 1011, 1015, 1019, 1021, 1023, 1025 Making connections between films and text Evaluation of a film, 1057 Making predictions Making predictions, 981, 985, 986, 989, 990, 993 Building vocabulary The Development of American English: Our Native American Heritage, 14, Noah Webster and the American Language, 138, The Truth about O.K., 254, Mark Twain and the American Language, 482, Slang as It is Slung, 712, Brave New Words, 978 Vocabulary Workshops, 120, 236, 464, 694, 960, 1376 Vocabulary Builder (Build Skills), 17, 41, 59, 69, 93, 101, 141, 159, 169, 181, 201, 215, 257, 274, 297, 311, 339, 357, 389, 405, 425, 439, 485, 497, 505, 517, 531, 549, 575, 591, 607, 619, 641, 651, 659, 669, 715, 726, 741, 765, 773, 783, 793, 808, 839, 847, 861, 881, 897, 913, 925, 937, 981, 997, 1011, 1029, 1049, 1061, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1115, 1131, 1145, 1163, 1183, 1197, 1215, 1227, 1239, 1256, 1290, 1314, 1342 Vocabulary Lesson (Build Language Skills), 30, 50, 64, 85, 98, 108, 152, 166, 178, 188, 211, 224, 270, 290, 307, 336, 354, 376, 400, 419, 436, 452, 494, 502, 514, 528, 538, 564, 588, 604, 616, 637, 648, 656, 666, 680, 722, 738, 762, 770, 780, 790, 801, 830, 844, 858, 878, 894, 908, 922, 934, 942, 994, 1008, 1026, 1046, 1056, 1072, 1086, 1100, 1112, 1128, 1139, 1160, 1179, 1194, 1212, 1224, 1236, 1248, 1289, 1313, 1341,

15 Activating prior knowledge Making predictions, 981, 985, 986, 989, 990, 993 Connecting to the Literature/Preview (Build Skills), 17, 41, 59, 69, 93, 101, 141, 159, 169, 181, 201, 215, 257, 274, 297, 311, 339, 357, 389, 405, 425, 439, 485, 497, 505, 517, 531, 549, 575, 591, 607, 619, 641, 651, 659, 669, 715, 726, 741, 765, 773, 783, 793, 808, 839, 847, 861, 881, 897, 913, 925, 937, 981, 997, 1011, 1029, 1049, 1061, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1115, 1131, 1145, 1163, 1183, 1197, 1215, 1227, 1239, 1256, 1290, 1314, 1342 Utilize research strategies Writing Workshops: Research: Research Paper, , Research: Multimedia Presentation, Research and Technology (Build Language Skills): 31, 51, 65, 86, 99, 109, 153, 167, 179, 189, 212, 225, 271, 291, 308, 337, 355, 377, 401, 420, 437, 453, 495, 503, 515, 529, 539, 565, 589, 605, 617, 638, 649, 657, 667, 681, 723, 739, 763, 771, 781, 791, 802, 831, 845, 859, 879, 895, 909, 923, 935, 943, 995, 1009, 1027, 1047, 1057, 1073, 1087, 1101, 1113, 1129, 1140, 1161, 1180, 1195, 1213, 1225, 1237, 1249, 1361 Use character chart or web Characters/Characterization, 257, 269, 669, 672, 673, 675, 679, 741, 744, 745, 748, 749, 750, 751, 753, 757, 759, 761, , 981, 984, 986, , 993, 1011, 1015, 1019, 1021, 1023, 1025 Critical reading: Describe the meaning of The Crucible at the surface (literal) and allegorical levels The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Extend Understanding, 1288, 1312, 1359 Reading Strategy: Applying Themes to Contemporary Events, 1359 Identify importance of stage directions in character development Stage directions, 1256, 1258, 1259, 1267, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1285,

16 Identify themes in play - appearance vs. reality - order vs. freedom - power of the individual - absolutes vs. relativity - charity vs. retribution From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Underline significant passages and defend their importance Writing Applications: critical review, 879, critical response, 1047 Timed Writing: literary criticism, 337, critical review, 605, critical response, 909, 1057, Critical review, 1101, book review, 1213, Critical review, 1365 Reading Informational Materials (Reading Skill): Comparing and Contrasting Critical Reviews, 1362 Identify thesis and supporting ideas in Civil Disobedience and other linking text essays Reading Strategy: Evaluating Writer s Statement of Philosophy, 405, 418 Reading strategies Visualize Visualizing, 1029, 1045 Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p

17 Make connections Preview: Connecting to the Literature, 17, 41, 59, 69, 93, 101, 141, 159, 169, 181, 201, 215, 257, 274, 297, 311, 339, 357, 389, 405, 425, 439, 485, 497, 505, 517, 531, 549, 575, 591, 607, 619, 641, 651, 659, 669, 715, 726, 741, 765, 773, 783, 793, 808, 839, 847, 861, 881, 897, 913, 925, 937, 981, 997, 1011, 1029, 1049, 1061, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1115, 1131, 1145, 1163, 1183, 1197, 1215, 1227, 1239, 1256, 1290, 1314, 1342 Comparing Literary Works (Apply the Skills), 29, 49, 84, 97, 151, 177, 187, 210, 223, 289, 306, 335, 399, 418, 435, 451, 493, 501, 537, 563, 587, 615, 655, 665, 737, 779, 800, 829, 843, 877, 893, 907, 933, 941, 1055, 1085, 1138, 1159, 1178, 1211, 1223, 1235, 1247 Connecting Literary Elements (Apply the Skills), 63, 107, 165, 269, 353, 375, 513, 527, 603, 636, 647, 679, 721, 761, 769, 789, 857, 921, 993, 1007, 1025, 1045, 1071, 1099, 1111, 1127, 1193, 1288, 1312, 1340, 1359 Predict Making predictions, 981, 985, 986, 989, 990, 993 Make inferences Inferring cultural attitudes, 269 Drawing inferences, 339, 343, 345, 347, 349, 353, 465, 925, 930, 933, 1197, 1203, 1209, 1211 Inferring the poet's attitude, 439, 441, 443, 451 Making inferences, 944 Listening/Viewing Class/group discussion Comparisons of issues/themes between media and dramatic text Compare media with text and connect to self perspective on gender inequality and hysteria based on prejudice Find intersections between visual images and verbal communication Listening and Speaking (Build Language Skills): informal debate, 99, round table discussion, 167, debate, 212, 420, class discussion, 667, informal debate, 739, group discussion, 781, round table discussion, 802, panel discussion, 1113, debate, 1225 Evaluation of a film,

18 Writing, Speaking, Expressing Strategies and Activities Writing to learn character biography (explicit instruction) Biography, firsthand, 667 Character sketch, 1341 persuasive essay (explicit instruction) Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, Writing Applications: Editor's review of a manuscript, 739, Critical response, 1047 Writing Workshops: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio and Résumé (Cover Letter), 1375 quickwrites Critical Reading, 20, 25, 28, 39, 48, 62, 75, 83, 95, 96, 106, 150, 164, 173, 176, 183, 186, 206, 209, 219, 222, 268, 276, 279, 281, 288, 300, 305, 329, 334, 352, 374, 392, 394, 395, 398, 415, 417, 427, 429, 431, 433, 434, 441, 445, 447, 448, 450, 492, 906, 920, 929, 931, 932, 938, 940, 992, 1006, 1024, 1044, 1051, 1054, 1070, 1080, 1082, 1084, 1098, 1110, 1126, 1133, 1137, 1147, 1152, 1155, 1158, 1168, 1171, 1177, 1192, 1208, 1210, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1222, 1231, 1234, 1242, 1244, 1246, 1287, 1311, 1339, 1358 Journal entries describing how John Proctor changes from the beginning of the play to the end, and the events that cause the changes Questioning the Character s Motives ( The Crucible ), 1256, 1288 Categorizing Characters by Role ( The Crucible ), 1314, 1340 Timed Writing: Defense of Character s Actions, 1361 Journal entries noting examples of narrative characteristics and persuasive elements (irony, conceit, paradox, appeals, internal/external conflict) Irony, 618, 622, 625, 627, 634, 636, 641, 647, 866, 870, 1314, 1317, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1325, 1327, 1330, 1331, 1334, 1335, 1337, 1338, 1340 Conflict: external, internal, 618, 636, , 861, 877, 997,

19 letter writing Writing Personal/Business Letters: R24 R25 Writing Workshops: Workplace Writing: Job Portfolio and Résumé (Cover Letter), 1375 Also see: Letters, 215, 218, 221, 223, 549, 550, 552, 554, 559, 563, 1039 Letter, personal, 225 Letter to an author, 437, 1180 author s craft The American Experience: A Writer s Voice, William Byrd, A Writer with a Sense of Humor, 13, Thomas Paine and the Age of Reason, 134, Anne Spencer, Poet of the Harlem Renaissance, 711 From The Author's Desk (Selection Introductions): Susan Power Introduces Museum Indians, 32 34, Tim O Brien Introduces Ambush, , Arthur Miller Introduces The Crucible, Focus On Literary Forms: Narrative Accounts, 56 57, Speeches, , Poetry, , Diaries, Journals, and Letters, , Short Stories, , Essays, The American Experience: Point/Counterpoint, Edgar Allan Poe, Immature Genius or Mature Craftsman?, 249, Abraham Lincoln Legendary Hero or Flawed and Complex Man, 476, Women, Followers or Cofounders of Modernism, 707, The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb on Japan Inevitable or Unjustifiable?, 971 written response to focus questions Writing to Demonstrate Learning Summarize a scene from the play Timed Writing Applications (including essay), 86, 90, 179, 193, 295, 355, 337, 377, 401, 420, 529, 542, 565, 589, 605, 617, 638, 681, 723, 763, 791, 802, 845, 909, 935, 943, 947, 1057, 1101, 1113, 1140, 1161, 1213, 1237, 1225, 1361, 1365 Writing: News Accounts of events in Salem,

20 Comparison essay: use journal entries identifying the connections between events in 1690s Salem and 1950s America Reading Strategy: Applying Themes to Contemporary Events, 1359 Literary analysis essay: compare John Proctor s response to the claims of witchcraft to Arthur Miller s reaction to the Red scare From The Author's Desk (Time Period): Arthur Miller Talks About the Literature, To me theater is not a disconnected entertainment, which it usually is to most people here It is where a collective mass of people, through the genius of some author, is able to project its terrors and its hopes and to symbolize them. Arthur Miller on The Crucible, my basic need was to respond to a phenomenon which, with only small exaggeration, one could say was paralyzing a whole generation and in an amazingly short time was drying up the habits of trust and toleration in public discourse. The Crucible Arthur Miller, pp Literary analysis essay: identify themes and support with text; transfer themes to a real world context Character biography: use journal entries to describe how John Proctor changes throughout the book; support using text events that caused the changes Reflective essay: discuss how The Crucible is a tragedy, and how John Proctor is a tragic hero. Use knowledge of tragedy from Romeo and Juliet. Reading Strategy: Applying Themes to Contemporary Events, 1359 Chart, comparison-and-contrast between actual trials and events of the play, 1361 Biography, firsthand, 667 Character sketch, 1341 Defense of a Character s Actions, 1361 Questioning the Character s Motives ( The Crucible ), 1256, 1288 Categorizing Characters by Role ( The Crucible ), 1314,

21 Write a review of the movie Power of One Evaluation of a film, 1057 Authentic Writing Write a guide (pamphlet or booklet) to respond to: What can an individual do to act rationally in the face of hysteria caused by a local incident or a national or international disaster? Persuasive Essay take a stand on a controversial issue Decide which issues you care about Select and define one issue Try out a position statement Set up a pro-con table List arguments and counterargument. Debate both sides of the issue with peers Write a persuasive essay based on debate reflection Publish essay in essay form or as a letter to a state representative or newspaper editor as appropriate Speaking Choral reading Readers Theater Writing: News Accounts of events in Salem, 1289 Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, Writing Applications: Editor's review of a manuscript, 739, Critical response, 1047 Listening and Speaking (Build Language Skills): informal debate, 99, debate, 212, 420, informal debate, 739, debate, 1225 Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, Writing Applications: Editor's review of a manuscript, 739, Critical response, 1047 Listening and Speaking: Dramatic reading, 189, 337, 565, 943, 1213, Dramatic reading, 291, Poetry reading, 437, Choral reading, 503, Dramatic scene, 878, 1313, Oral interpretation of a speech, 617, Soliloquy, 649, Oral interpretation of a poem, 657 Think/pair/share Peer Review, 116, 232, 460, 688, 956, 1372 Listening and Speaking (Build Language Skills): informal debate, 99, round table discussion, 167, debate, 212, 420, class discussion, 667, informal debate, 739, group discussion, 781, round table discussion, 802, panel discussion, 1113, debate,

22 Debate issues in preparation for persuasive writing - Express judgments by taking a position on the issue in the writing prompt - Maintain a focus on the topic throughout the debate - Develop a position by using logical reasoning and by supporting ideas - Organize ideas in a logical way - Use language clearly and effectively according to the rules of standard spoken American English - Think about both sides of the argument Listening and Speaking (Build Language Skills): informal debate, 99, debate, 212, 420, informal debate, 739, debate, 1225 Writing Workshops: Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, Writing Applications: Editor's review of a manuscript, 739, Critical response, 1047 Research Miller s high school and college experiences; discuss his determination to get a college degree and to become a writer; make connections with own plans for further education Expressing Create a research poster Research historical background of McCarthyism Create timelines of events in the Salem trials in the 1690s and of the events in the chronology of McCarthyism Arthur Miller, 1254 Research and Technology (Build Language Skills): posters, 935 From The Author's Desk: Arthur Miller, Unit Introductions (Time Line), 4 5, , , , , On-Going Literacy Development Student Goal Setting and Self-Evaluation Strategies Maintain writing portfolio Writing Workshops: Publishing and Presenting, 119, 235, 463, 693, 959, 1375 Writing (Apply the Skills), 31, 51, 65, 86, 99, 109, 153, 167, 179, 189, 212, 225, 271, 291, 308, 337, 355, 377, 401, 420, 437, 453, 495, 503, 515, 529, 539, 565, 589, 605, 617, 638, 649, 657, 667, 681, 723, 739, 763, 771, 781, 791, 802, 831, 845, 859, 879, 895, 909, 923, 935, 943, 995, 1009, 1027, 1047, 1057, 1073, 1087, 1101, 1113, 1129, 1140, 1161, 1180, 1195, 1213, 1225, 1237, 1249, 1289, 1313, 1341, 1361 Reflect on selected journal entry Reflect on two pieces of unit writing that represent best effort Writing Workshops: Reflecting on Your Writing (Journal), 119, 235, 463, 693, 959,

23 Daily Fluency Reading Engage in partner reading Peer Review, 116, 232, 460, 688, 956, 1372 Participate in choral reading Listening and Speaking: Dramatic reading, 189, 337, 565, 943, 1213, Dramatic reading, 291, Poetry reading, 437, Choral reading, 503, Dramatic scene, 878, 1313, Oral interpretation of a speech, 617, Soliloquy, 649, Oral interpretation of a poem, 657 Writing Respond with quickwrites Critical Reading, 20, 25, 28, 39, 48, 62, 75, 83, 95, 96, 106, 150, 164, 173, 176, 183, 186, 206, 209, 219, 222, 268, 276, 279, 281, 288, 300, 305, 329, 334, 352, 374, 392, 394, 395, 398, 415, 417, 427, 429, 431, 433, 434, 441, 445, 447, 448, 450, 492, 906, 920, 929, 931, 932, 938, 940, 992, 1006, 1024, 1044, 1051, 1054, 1070, 1080, 1082, 1084, 1098, 1110, 1126, 1133, 1137, 1147, 1152, 1155, 1158, 1168, 1171, 1177, 1192, 1208, 1210, 1217, 1218, 1219, 1222, 1231, 1234, 1242, 1244, 1246, 1287, 1311, 1339, 1358 Vocabulary Development definition in context Using context clues, 101, 106, 107, 695, 961 sense of different language patterns (meanings of terms from Colonial America) The Development of American English: Our Native American Heritage, 14, Noah Webster and the American Language, 138, The Truth about O.K., 254, Mark Twain and the American Language, 482, Slang as It is Slung, 712, Brave New Words, 978 Dialogue, 913, 921, 1256, 1258, 1259, 1263, 1267, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1285,

24 words from selection Vocabulary Lesson (Build Language Skills), 30, 50, 64, 85, 98, 108, 152, 166, 178, 188, 211, 224, 270, 290, 307, 336, 354, 376, 400, 419, 436, 452, 494, 502, 514, 528, 538, 564, 588, 604, 616, 637, 648, 656, 666, 680, 722, 738, 762, 770, 780, 790, 801, 830, 844, 858, 878, 894, 908, 922, 934, 942, 994, 1008, 1026, 1046, 1056, 1072, 1086, 1100, 1112, 1128, 1139, 1160, 1179, 1194, 1212, 1224, 1236, 1248, 1289, 1313, 1341, 1360 Vocabulary Builder (Build Skills), 17, 41, 59, 69, 93, 101, 141, 159, 169, 181, 201, 215, 257, 274, 297, 311, 339, 357, 389, 405, 425, 439, 485, 497, 505, 517, 531, 549, 575, 591, 607, 619, 641, 651, 659, 669, 715, 726, 741, 765, 773, 783, 793, 808, 839, 847, 861, 881, 897, 913, 925, 937, 981, 997, 1011, 1029, 1049, 1061, 1075, 1089, 1103, 1115, 1131, 1145, 1163, 1183, 1197, 1215, 1227, 1239, 1256, 1290, 1314, 1342 academic vocabulary Writing About Literature: Analyze Literary Periods, , Analytic Essay: Evaluate Literary Themes, , , , Compare and Contrast Literary Trends, , From The Scholar's Desk: William L. Andrews Talks About the Time Period, , Gretel Ehrlich Talks About the Time Period, , Nell Irvin Painter Talks About the Time Period, Focus On Literary Forms, 56 57, , , , , Writing Strategies process writing language appropriate for purpose and audience Writing Workshops: Reflecting on Your Writing (Journal), 119, 235, 463, 693, 959, 1375 Drafting: Refuting an argument, 337, Anticipating opponents arguments, 420; Prewriting: Using research to achieve purpose, 687; Revising: to add emotional appeal, 831, for knowledge level of readers, 1213 using MLA conventions Drafting: Using relevant citations, 401, Providing internal documentation, 771 Citing sources and preparing manuscript, R28 R30 24

25 Grammar Skills elements of dialogue Dialogue, 913, 921, 1256, 1258, 1259, 1263, 1267, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1274, 1275, 1276, 1280, 1281, 1282, 1285, 1288 usage and parts of speech Grammar and Style Lesson (Build Language Skills), 30, 50, 64, 85, 98, 108, 152, 166, 178, 188, 211, 224, 270, 290, 307, 336, 354, 376, 400, 419, 436, 452, 494, 502, 514, 528, 538, 564, 588, 604, 616, 637, 648, 656, 666, 680, 722, 738, 762, 770, 780, 790, 801, 830, 844, 858, 878, 894, 908, 922, 934, 942, 994, 1008, 1026, 1046, 1056, 1072, 1086, 1100, 1112, 1128, 1139, 1160, 1179, 1194, 1212, 1224, 1236, 1248, 1289, 1313, 1341, 1360 possessive use Possessive nouns, singular and plural, 85 subject-verb agreement Subject-verb agreement, 188, 376, 1056, 1341 correct apostrophe usage Apostrophe, 93, 97, 839, 843, R9 pronoun/antecedent agreement Pronoun-antecedent agreement, 452 MODEL UNIT 10.2: CONTEMPORARY REALISTIC FICTION, NOVEL Dispositions Big Ideas/Themes Essential Questions Big Ideas integrity, discovering truth, courage, freedom, nobility, Olaudah Equiano, from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, p. 160 Ralph Waldo Emerson, from Self-Reliance, p. 393 Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p. 416 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, p. 532 Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, p. 533 Rev. Henry M. Turner, Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, p. 559 Sojourner Truth, An Account of an Experience With Discrimination, p. 561 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p

26 satire, adventure, American culture in the mid- 1800s, Unit Introductions: The Age of Realism, Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language, 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 democratic theories of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness forces of change Iroquois, from The Iroquois Constitution, p. 26 Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence, p. 170 Thomas Paine, from The Crisis, Number 1, Essay, 174 Patrick Henry, Speech in the Virginia Convention, Speech, 202 Ralph Waldo Emerson, from Self-Reliance, p. 393 Henry David Thoreau, from Civil Disobedience, p. 416 Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, p. 532 Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, p. 533 Rev. Henry M. Turner, Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, p. 559 John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, p Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p

27 Themes Twain uses this form to ridicule and rebuke the slaveholding society of Huck Finn. Every person deserves to be free. Huck learns that Jim is a true friend entitled to full human rights. See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language, 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 Focus Questions How do I communicate truth? What voice do I use to be heard? Writing Workshops: Narration: Autobiographical Narrative, , Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, , Narration: Reflective Essay, Where do I see the satire in my life? Essays, satirical, , 1145, 1159 Satire, 773, 779, 863, 866, 870 See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Reading Informational Materials: Web Site,

28 How can a person discover the truth about others? How are we products of society? How can I influence positive changes in social behavior? What prejudices are we taught? What is my responsibility for my own actions? Why is the teaching of Huck Finn so controversial? How have criticisms of the book changed from its 1885 publication to now? Persuasive techniques, Distinguishing between fact and opinion, 190, 193, 215, 221, 223, 549, 555, 557, 558, 563, 1035 Evaluating: persuasive appeals, 201, 210, the writer's statement of philosophy, 405, 408, 409, 411, 413, 416, 418, a writer's message, 1163, 1167, 1170, 1174, 1176, 1178 Also see: See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language, 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 Presentation on civil rights protests, 1237 Olaudah Equiano, from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, p. 160 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Rev. Henry M. Turner, Reaction to the Emancipation Proclamation, p. 559 Sojourner Truth, An Account of an Experience With Discrimination, p. 561 Chief Joseph, I Will Fight No More Forever, p. 614 Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p Essential Questions What compromises of my integrity will I make in order to be accepted? Writing Workshops: Narration: Autobiographical Narrative, , Persuasion: Persuasive Essay, , Narration: Reflective Essay,

29 Is Huck a racist? Should Huck Finn remain required core literature in American Literature classes? See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language, 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 Quotations Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot in it will be shot. (Twain) Introductory Notes Human beings can be awful cruel to one another. (Huck) Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language (includes famous quotes by Twain under the heading Readin, Writin, and Twain ), 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story,

30 Literary Genre Focus/Anchor Texts Narrative Text Contemporary Realistic Fiction, Novel Picaresque Genre The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Mark Twain Please note that Mark Twain is a featured writer in the grade 11 Penguin Literature program The American Experience. Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language (includes famous quotes by Twain under the heading Readin, Writin, and Twain ), 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 Informational Text Critical Analysis Essay Is Huck Finn a Racist Book? Peter Salwen See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Reading Informational Materials: Web Site, Satire Web resource Types, history, censorship of satire Essays, satirical, , 1145, 1159 Satire, 773, 779, 863, 866, 870 See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Reading Informational Materials: Web Site,

31 Linking Texts Media Born to Trouble: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Culture Shock Series, PBS & Fordham 2000 and Companion Teaching Guide Huckleberry Finn Hal Holbrook s Mark Twain Tonight On The Waterfront (clips) The Long Walk Home (clips) Comparing Literary Works: Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 Research and Technology: Multimedia Report on riverboats, 589 Also see: Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and 587. Reading Informational Materials: Web Site, Satire Cartoons: Doonesbury Political Cartoons Video Clips from The Daily Show With Jon Stewart Jon Stewart s Interview with Bill Moyer The Simpsons David Letterman Top Ten Lists Mitch Albom articles Cartoon strip, 771 Essay analyzing a cartoon, 1161 Essays, satirical, , 1145, 1159 Satire, 773, 779, 863, 866, 870 Communications Workshop: Analyzing Media, 466, Evaluating Communication Methods, 962, Analyzing the Impact of the Media on the Democratic Process, 1378 Anna Quindlen, One Day, Now Broken In Two, p Sandra Cisneros, Straw Into Gold: The Metamorphosis, of the Everyday, p Rita Dove, For the Love of Books, p Amy Tan, Mother Tongue, p

32 Texts Speeches and Essays Essays by Langston Hughes, W. E. B. DuBois, James Baldwin, Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X Martin Luther King Jr., from Letter From Birmingham City Jail, p James Baldwin, The Rockpile, Short Story, 1184 Unfit for Children: Censorship and Race in Understanding Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: A Student Casebook on Issues, Sources, and Historical Documents Claudia Durst Johnson 1996, Richard Lederer, The Development of American English: Mark Twain and the American Language (includes famous quotes by Twain under the heading Readin, Writin, and Twain ), 482 A Closer Look, Mark Twain: The American Bard, 572 Comparing Literary Works Mark Twain, from Life on the Mississippi, Nonfiction, 576 The Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, Short Story, 581 Excerpts from The Tipping Point Malcolm Gladwell (Introduction 3-14; Conclusion ) Anna Quindlen, One Day, Now Broken In Two, p Sandra Cisneros, Straw Into Gold: The Metamorphosis, of the Everyday, p Rita Dove, For the Love of Books, p Amy Tan, Mother Tongue, p The Big Sea Langston Hughes Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass Comparing Literary Works: Langston Hughes, The Negro Speaks of Rivers, Poem, 926 Langston Hughes, I, Too, Poem, 928 Langston Hughes, Dream Variations, Poem, 930 Langston Hughes, Refugee in America, Poem, 931 Frederick Douglass, from My Bondage and My Freedom, p. 506 Blue Highways William Least-Heat Moon N. Scott Momaday, from The Names, p The Day They Came to Arrest the Book Nat Hentoff (young adult literature) See the Go On-Line Author Link for Mark Twain referred to on pages 580 and