Retrieval of SO 2 from high spectral resolution

Transcription

1 Retrieval of SO 2 from high spectral resolution measurements: AIRS and IASI Fred Prata 1 and Lieven Clarisse 2 Research, 1 Climate and Atmosphere Department, Norwegian Institute for Air Kjeller, Norway. fpr@nilu.no 2 Spectroscopie de l'atmosphère, Service de chimie quantique Photophysique, Univ. libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. lclariss@ulb.ac.be

2 Why measure SO 2? Atmospheric pollution Effects on climate Hazards to aviation Background levels generally low <10 4 ppmv Man made emissions from industry, mining operations, shipping emission rates from 10 gs 1 to >1000 kgs 1 Large natural emissions from volcanoes passive degassing >10 kgs 1 explosive volcanism >10 3 kgs 1 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 2

3 Atmospheric Pollution Measurements from NILU s ground based UV camera EnviCam SO 2 ship emissions from a large cruise ship entering Kongsfjorden, Ny Ålesund, Svalbard. 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 3

4 Volcanic emissions Soufriere Hills, Montserrat explosive eruption, 11 February 2010 Villarica volcano, Chile. Passive degassing 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California Ground-based IR camera (CyClops) at Tavurvur volcano, New Britain. 4

5 AIRS and IASI can measure SO 2 absorption in the strong ν 3 (1363 cm -1 /7.3 µm) band of SO 2 AIRS and IASI can also measure SO 2 absorption in the weak combination band ν 1 +ν cm -1 /4 µm) band of SO 2 Ash can be measured between cm April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 5

6 Retrieval scheme Absorbing layer only 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 6

7 R 2 correlation 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 7

8 AIRS SO 2 using the strong ν 3 (7.3 µm band) 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 8

9 Kasatochi AIRS retrievals: 8 13 August >1.2 Tg (SO 2 ) 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 9

10 IASI Redoubt, Alaska: April SO 2 filament s 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 10

11 Spectral Signatures 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 11

12 Microphysics retrieval Quartz 850 cm -1 Q ext 850 cm -1 r e effective particle radius τ infrared optical depth M mass loading Si silicate composition ϖ 0 g 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 12

13 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 13

14 MODIS AIRS CALIOP Comparisons 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 14

15 IASI H 2 SO 4 detection 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 15

16 Detection of other species L. Clarisse, D. Hurtmans, A.J. Prata, F. Karagulian, C. Clerbaux, M. De Mazi`ere and P. F. Coheur, Retrieving radius, concentration, optical depth and mass of different types of aerosols from high resolution infrared nadir spectra, Submitted to Applied Optics, April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 16

17 Boundary layer SO 2 at 4 µm 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 17

18 UTLS PBL? Soufriere Hills, 12 February April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 18

19 Soufriere Hills 12 February 2010 MODIS T31-T32 (K) SEVIRI CALIOP Volcanic graupel? 15 km 5 km 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 19

20 Combining satellite data with a Lagrangian dispersion model Volcanic ash and SO 2 can be placed into the atmosphere at different levels Wind shear ensures that ash and SO 2 travel in different directions and at different speeds Is there a better way to utilise dispersion models and satellite data to provide predictions for aviation? 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 20

21 Inverse Modelling- Analytic method Sources x (1..n) x a a priory profile Satellite observation y 0 (1..m) Source-receptor matrix calculation with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model in backward mode, P. Seibert and A. Frank, ACP, 4, 51-63, M Emission sensitivity Matrix (m n), as obtained from FLEXPART standard error of observation 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 21

22 Satellite Data AIRS 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 22

23 Model FLEXPART 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 23

24 Emission profile 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 24

25 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 25

26 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 26

27 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 27

28 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 28

29 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 29

30 CALIOP 14 April 2010 ITSC 17 Monterey, California 30