Syntaxe II. Lundi 26 janvier 2015

Transcription

1 Lundi 26 janvier 2015 Syntaxe II Le verbe et ses compléments. Transitivité. Révision des fonctions des constituants de la phrase. Inversion sujetaux. Clivage et pseudoclivage.

2 They Révision Transformez les phrases suivantes en phrases interrogatives : (5 minutes) 1) You can help me find a solution. 2) We don t usually take payments in cash. 3) You have seen this film. 4) They can charge you with something. 5) He gave Anna a lovely watch for her birthday.

3 They Révision Identifiez les phrases complexes 1) I don t think I can help you. 2) He must have been listening to his music too loud again! 3) I remember the day when he told me I was fired.

4 Le verbe et ses compléments Exercice : Faire une phrase selon le modèle suivant : S V C Joan like music

5 Le verbe et ses compléments Exercice : Faire une phrase selon le modèle suivant : S V C John to sleep the night

6 Le verbe et ses compléments «to sleep» = schéma à une place (verbe «intransitif») ex. : to arrive, to die, to dissappear, to fall, to laugh, to rain...

7 Le verbe et ses compléments /! \ TJS vérifier dans un dictionnaire

8 Le verbe et ses compléments schéma à deux places Verbes transitifs directs 23. She speaks English well. 24. What a film! Did you like it? 25. You didn't even answer my question.

9 Le verbe et ses compléments schéma à deux places Verbes transitifs indirects 26. They paid for the meal. 27. He was looking for his keys. 28. She stared at her father.

10 Le verbe et ses compléments /! \ Différence de sens entre transitivité directe et transitivité indirecte 26. Ils ont payé le repas They paid for the meal. 26. Ils ont payé leurs employés They paid their employees.

11 Le verbe et ses compléments Schéma à trois places Verbes doublement transitifs S V C1 Prep C2 29. He gave a huge bone to the dog. 30. I've ordered some sandwiches for you. 31. He reminded me of his name.

12 Le verbe et ses compléments Schéma à trois places Verbes doublement transitifs S V C2 C1 32. He gave the dog a huge bone. 33. I've ordered you some sandwiches.

13 Constituants de la phrase Le verbe = colonne vertébrale de la phrase Chaque membre = un «argument»

14 Constituants de la phrase Récapitulation 34. He smiled. 35. She likes fish. 36. We paid for lunch. 37. He reminded me of his name. 38. I gave the dog a huge bone.

15 Constituants de la phrase He smiled. 34. He always smiled. 34. He always smiled [when he was happy]. 34. He smiled at me. 34. He smiled at [the idea [that she would get such a nice suprise [when she arrived]]].

16 L'ordre des constituants S + V + COD et/ou COI

17 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire Phrases interrogatives 39. Do you like cooking? 40. Is he a friend of yours? 41. Can you help me?

18 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire Constructions avec so et nor/neither 42. He often plays tennis and so does his wife. 43. They won t condone such behaviour and neither will I.

19 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire Adverbe de sens négatif / restrictif / intensif en début de proposition 44. Never will his brother accept. 45. Never before had he seen such a large farm.

20 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire 46. Not until he got home did he feel tired. 47. Hardly had he closed the door when the light went out. 48. Only then did he realize that he had lost his way.

21 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire 49. Well do I remember what he said to me on that occasion. 50. Such was his surprise that he dropped the dish.

22 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire never, no sooner, never before, not..., hardly, scarcely, only..., well, often, so..., such...,...

23 Inversion sujet/auxiliaire Subordonnées de condition (were, had, should) 51. If he had stayed longer, he would have met my brother. 51. Had he stayed longer, he would have met my brother.

24 Inversion sujet/verbe Inversion sujet/verbe (et non auxiliaire)

25 Inversion sujet/verbe Avec les verbes d'insertion du discours, registre soutenu 52. What did they find? asked the girl. comparez avec 52. What did they find? the girl asked.

26 Inversion sujet/verbe Avec les verbes d'état pour mettre en relief l'attribut du sujet 53. Dear to his heart were all his mementos.

27 Inversions Quelques cas bien identifiés d inversion S/A ou S/V

28 Clivage Comparez les phrases suivantes : 54. Fred gave Susan a scarf for her birthday. 54. It was a scarf that Fred gave Susan for her birthday.

29 Clivage Clivage = mise en relief.

30 Clivage 54. It was a scarf that Fred gave Susan for her birthday. 54. It was Fred who gave Susan a scarf for her birthday. 54. It was to Susan that Fred gave a scarf for her birthday It was for her birthday that Fred gave a scarf to Susan.

31 Clivage Clivage =mise en relief avec «It is / It was»

32 Pseudo-clivage What Fred gave Susan for her birthday was a scarf. ou A scarf was what Fred gave Susan for her birthday.

33 Pseudo-clivage Pseudo-clivage = mise en relief avec «what... is/was»

34 Analyse en contexte Only as I drew closer through the afternoon darkness did I see that the occupant was a large frog, perhaps two feet high, which sat with its throat resting on the table edge. Steven Millhauser, A Visit

35 Analyse en contexte [Only as I drew closer through the afternoon darkness] did I see that the occupant was a large frog, perhaps two feet high, which sat with its throat resting on the table edge. Steven Millhauser, A Visit

36 Analyse en contexte It was at the end of one of these sad little gala displays that I had my first inkling of a change in Chloe's regard for me ( ) John Banville, The Sea, 2005

37 Analyse en contexte [It was at the end of one of these sad little gala displays] that I had my first inkling of a change in Chloe's regard for me ( ) John Banville, The Sea, 2005

38 Analyse en contexte I call this place Yetta s Liberty Hall, she said, every now and then giving me a nudge. What I like to see is my tenants enjoy life. They re usually young people, my tenants, and I like to see them enjoy life. Not that I don t gotta have rules.

39 Analyse en contexte I call this place Yetta s Liberty Hall, she said, every now and then giving me a nudge. [What I like to see is] my tenants enjoy life. They re usually young people, my tenants, and I like to see them enjoy life. Not that I don t gotta have rules.

40 Analyse en contexte The Economist explains what the original Crimean war was all about (titre d'article).

41 Questions & answers