EXPAND THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF LANGUAGE

Transcription

1 EXPAND THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF LANGUAGE Th buildig blocks of spok laguag ar Vocabulary (Kowig th words) Grammar (Stc costructio) Spch (How w say th words) Harig childr of this ag ar oft cosolidatig thir skills i this ara. Oc your daf child has simpl stcs thy d to rapidly xpad th buildig blocks of spok laguag. It is th lack of ough buildig blocks which oft holds thm back at this stag. Ag 5 10 is a good tim to b rally focusig upo xpadig ths skills. Thy ar old ough to b rady for th rquird iput but ot too old to hav formd bad habits or to hav fall too far bhid thir prs. EXPAND YOUR VOCABULARY By th ag of six a harig child udrstads o avrag 13,000 words. By th ag of sv this has icrasd to o avrag 26,000 words! That is a lot of vocabulary! Wh I d mor ad mor words CHALLENGE YOURSELF! St your hops ad drams high. Your child ca har through thir modr harig tchology, thy hav stablishd simpl laguag. Thy ar rady to lar mor ad mor laguag ad will bfit from your cotiud hlp. List to your child. Now that thy hav stablishd laguag, how ca you itroduc th words thir frids or harig prs ar usig? CHALLENGE MYSELF How ca w itroduc th words thir frids ar usig? Rmmbr to fill i th gaps! So CHALLENGE YOURSELF - Dos my child kow: Th ams of vrythig thy at? All th varid ams for vrythig thy war? Th umrous ways of dscribig th wathr? Diffrt ways of dscribig walkig? Diffrt ways of dscribig fallig? Polit ways of dscribig good apparac? Rmmbr th w word: say it ovr ad ovr agai, writ it dow. REF: 2.4 Larig Nw vocabulary LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

2 Polit ways of dscribig bad apparac? Diffrt dscriptios of spd? How to dscrib how food tasts? (hot, spicy, sour, cramy, mild, salty, disgustig) FILL IN THE GAPS Your daf child will oft hav gaps i thir vocabulary kowldg. As parts you ar th bst popl to otic ths ad fill thm. Thy might aris spotaously durig shard tim togthr. List out for simpl rathr tha mor complx words big usd, or fillr phrass.g. you kow th thig o th shlf. REMEMBER THE MEMORY STRATEGIES (IN LISTEN AND REMEMBER) Your mmory is lik a computr. Nw vocabulary is bst rmmbrd i this computr if it is dply procssd. This mas that thr ar lots of liks btw th diffrt foldrs i th computr. Rmmbr: Buildig strog Thr ar lots of diffrt liks: liks btw w ad What th word souds lik kow words hlps thm b What th word mas rmmbrd, AND, How you us th word i a stc th mor liks th bttr! Which othr words ar similar to it Stps to tak wh STEPS TO LEARNING AND REMEMBERING A NEW WORD larig a w word Which othr words ar associatd with it Do t stick to familiar words. Us vryday situatios to itroduc lots of complx vocabulary Itroducig w vocabulary i vryday situatios. Watch this film to gt idas of how to do this aturally i your hom. REF: 3.1 Us mor complx vocabulary It s Maig What dos it ma? Othr words with similar maigs (syoyms) It s Liks Lik to a prsoal lif xpric Lik to a favourit film clip, story, sog, tc. It s Catgory What typ of word? (actio, am, dscriptor) Catgory of word (.g. vhicls, furitur, clothig) Opposits / Mtaphors / Idioms / Phrass It s Compots What souds ar i th word? What dos th word rhym with? How is th word built up? NOTE: Largr vrsio of th stps availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm# 1C. Rmmbr It! Rpat th word to yourslf 10 tims Put th word ito 5 stcs Dscrib th word i a pictur 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

3 USE EVERYDAY ACTIVITIES You hav lots of tims wh complx vocabulary ca b usd durig vryday activitis. It taks som thought ad possibly som plaig but will soo bcom vry atural ad part of your vryday lif. Lik th laguag with: Lif xprics Th actio of th activity Othr kow words LINK NEW WORDS WITH KNOWN WORDS Rfr back to your child s kow foldr by usig th word your child says ad th addig or xpadig upo it. Expad th vocabulary your child uss by sayig your child s word ad addig aothr o..g. CHILD: Wh I was at school I fll ovr o th ic. ADULT: Oh dar, you fll ovr, you slippd o th ic, did you hurt yourslf? Lik th w word to a actio or pictur which thy ca visually fil i thir mmory. Us th w word ovr ad ovr agai i th sam cotxt to hlp lik it with th actio..g. ADULT, cookig togthr: W d to put i th hrbs ow shall w sprikl thm o carfully? I ll sprikl thm from my had, you ca sprikl thm with your hads or us a spoo. HEARING AND SAYING THE WORD IS IMPORTANT Parts ar told to modl words so that thir child ca har thm. This hlps your child har what th words ma, how you us thm i stcs ad how thy soud wh said corrctly (i.. vocabulary, grammar, spch). By usig w vocabulary lots of tims ad i lots of cotxts ovr a wk, your child is rpatdly usig thir Listig Loop. This hlps that word b associatd with othr words ad idas ad hlps it b stord quickly ad ffctivly. Us w vocabulary agai ad agai straight away. Parts who modl laguag aturally all th tim oft hav childr with gratr laguag skills. Th Listig Loop is usd wh parts modl laguag to thir child. What do th words ma? Is th cotxt or stc word ordr addig maig? Do I say th words lik that? THE LISTENING LOOP Rfr to your mmory Vocabulary, Grammar, Spch Souds Which words do I d? How do I crat th stc? How do I say th word? Us words to lar words - your child has stablishd spok laguag. REF: 3.1 Talk about w words Hlp your child us th Listig Loop ad lar how to rfr to thir mmory for words. REF: 3.1 Fill i th gaps Har th stc Child says a stc LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

4 HELP YOUR CHILD USE THEIR LISTENING LOOP Us pictur books to dvlop laguag ad listig. REF: 3.2 Books ar importat i vry stag of laguag larig Focus upo vocabulary usig books with chaptrs. REF: 3.1 Focus upo vocabulary ad books Emphasis w words. Us th w word ovr ad ovr agai. Ask thm forcd choic qustios,.g. Shall w fold or cut th papr? Start a stc ad paus so that your child ca complt it usig th w word. If thy do t, simply fill i th word for thm to har agai. Ask your child qustios or us prompts to courag thm to us th word. HELP YOUR CHILD REFER TO THEIR MEMORY Us your child s itrsts, thigs thy aturally joy thikig about. Lik w words with thir hobbis or itrsts. Lik words with picturs usig books, photographs, vts, thigs thy hav s or xpricd. Ecourag your child to rfr to thir mmory ad thik whthr thy kow it or ot. If thy do t, courag thm to ask you what it mas. Build liks usig th STEPS to larig a w word. Th mor liks you ca rfr to i thir mmory, th fastr th word will b lard. Do t giv up o books. Chag th book, chag th tim kp couragig my child to joy books! Us a word s what happs if it s of itrst to your child or part of your family lif. Thy d to kow it! USING PICTURE BOOKS AT HOME W just rad ad talk all th tim. (Part) Hav rgular tims to rad with your child so that it dos t gt missd out of a busy day. Us th sam book ovr ad ovr agai. Books with rhymig words ar good. Ecourag your child to joi i ad fill i th gaps. Talk about th soud of th words, list to th rhymig. Lt your child try ad tll you th story. Mov oto books with txt aroud th picturs. Rmmbr: Childr who lov books oft kow mor vocabulary. Us th vocabulary rmidrs. Strtch m, Challg m, Prpar: kow what your child is goig to lar i school. REF: 3.1 Strtch ad Challg M USING CHAPTER BOOK Always pushig th boudaris but always makig sur it s a book h joys. (Part) Du to th topic or storyli of a book thy oft us th sam vocabulary agai ad agai throughout diffrt chaptrs. If it s a w word, xplai it spotaously as you rad. Us th vocabulary rmidrs.g. papr book mark, Post-It ots to rcap th word th xt day. Riforc w vocabulary whil you ar radig; ask thm what it mas. Talk about its xplaatio togthr. Th r-rad that paragraph or stc, this puts th word back ito th cotxt of th story. If th word is i a book thy ar itrstd i, th thy d to kow it strtch thir mids! 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

5 INTRODUCE TOPICS AT HOME It s asir to list to somo talkig about a topic you ar familiar with. It s asir to list to somo wh you do t hav to b workig out th maig of lots of w vocabulary. Fid out th class topic. Itroduc th idas ad vocabulary of th topic, th holiday bfor that trm us books, films, storis, picturs, th itrt. Rcap vocabulary. Rmmbr: Likig a w word with othr kow words ad idas mas that it is rmmbrd mor asily. ACTIVITY: Gams to courag catgorisig or likig words 1. Catgoris How may words ca you thik of altogthr, or go roud th group ach prso thikig of a word. How far do you gt roud? Catgoris: furitur, vhicls, trasport, colours, sports, vgtabls, fruit, mat, ways of cookig potato 2. Word associatio jourys Who kows what strag routs you will tak ad what word you might d with! O prso starts with a word, th xt prso must say a word associatd with it, th xt prso associats a third word with th scod, but it might b urlatd to th first, tc. If you ar usur of th lik you ca challg th prso to xplai. If thy caot, thy ar out or must thik of aothr word. Childr lov challgig thir parts! For xampl, cat-dog-walk-jump-hurdl-sports- Olympics-rigs-diamod, tc. Mak a ot to yourslf of words ad phrass you hav itroducd. VOCABULARY REMINDERS Word of th wk Hav a card o your mal tabl with a coupl of w words writt o it. Discuss ad ot dow wh somo uss th word appropriatly. Who maags to us th word th most that wk? Us vocabulary rmidrs thy rally hlp you ad your child. REF: 3.1 Vocabulary Rmidrs Bookmarks Us a arrow pic of blak papr as a bookmark. If you com across ukow word whil radig togthr, writ it dow o th bookmark. Dos th word occur agai i th story? Ask your child to tll you what it mas ad to put it ito a stc. Th xt day look at your bookmark. Ca your child rmmbr what th word mas ad how it was usd i th story last ight? LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

6 Word board Us Post-It ots, a whit board or a pi board whr w vocabulary ca b put up ad rcappd durig gams ad covrsatios. PERSONAL DICTIONARIES ANOTHER WORD! Th bst way to lar vocabulary is i cotxt ad th rcap rpatdly. Buy a idxd ot book which has a lttr of th alphabt o ach pag. Wh you discovr aothr word for somthig writ it i your ot book udr th familiar word.g. Hugry: udr H writ Hugry Starvig. If your child kows th word Starvig th put th try udr S ad add th w word Ravous. Us your child s laguag bas bcaus thy will rmmbr th root word bttr ad so will b abl to look it up i th futur. It also hlps us to rmmbr th w word quickr bcaus w kow which foldr it gos ito with othr similar words i th laguag computr of our mmory. You could rviw th book somtims ad s how may othr words thy ca thik of. COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE GAMES Thr ar lots of commrcially availabl gams that wh usd or adaptd ca courag childr to thik of diffrt words i catgoris or groups. As a family you will hav a lot of fu togthr with o of ths! Outburst & Outburst Juior: Various producrs Usig gams to lar vocabulary i a fu way. REF: 3.2 Commrcially availabl gams A catgory is giv to a child with a list of 10 words thir group must idtify. Withi a st tim th group shout out as may thigs as possibl. Th child ots dow which os o th list ar said.g. kitch utsils. Rapidough (Producd by Drumod Park) Us play dough to modl a word for your tam to guss. Th slowst group loss som of thir play dough. This gradually maks modllig with a littl pic of dough mor difficult! Taboo for Kids (Hasbro) or Juior Alias (Tactic Gams UK) Dfi a word for your partr to guss without usig th spcific words listd. Scattrgoris Juior (Hasbro or MB Gams) Probably mor suitabl for oldr childr Roll a dic to idtify th lttr a word must bgi with. Thik of a word for ach catgory bgiig with that lttr. Writ it dow o your aswr pad. Pictioary Juior (Mattl) Draw a pictur for your partr to guss what it is. Charads for Kids (Paul Lamod Gams) Act out a word for your partr to guss Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

7 ACTIVITY: Mor ad mor words! Providd ovr th xt coupl of pags ar vocabulary gams to hlp xpad your child s vobcabulary. Tchology Vocabulary Dfiitios Pairs Gam (Appdix 2B) Word Sap (Appdix 2A) Th What ad How Gam of Charads (Appdix 2C) My Top 5 Shout it Out (Appdix 2D) O Word at a Tim (Appdix 2E) NOTE: Various cards ar availabl i Appdix 2A E. ACTIVITY: Tchology vocabulary Dos your child kow th trmiology for thir harig tchology? Crat a pictur lotto gam: Match th pairs ad am ad dscrib th itms..g. lad, coil, micropho, battry, battry rchargr, dry pack, switch, volum, ssitivity lvl, dial, wad, display. FAMILY VOCABULARY GAMES Childr ca play ths gams rathr tha formal sit dow larig. Ths vocabulary gams will: Expad thir word kowldg Etrgth thir word associatio Practis rtrivig words at spd Build thir mmory skills LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

8 ACTIVITY: Dfiitios Pairs Gam Writ words o o st of cards, th writ thir maigs o aothr st of cards. Us som of th words you hav b focussig upo. Plac th cards fac dow o th tabl. Tak it i turs to choos two cards. If you fid a pair, i.. a word ad its dfiitio, th kp ths ad hav aothr tur. (NOTE: your child will d to b abl to rad) ACTIVITY: Word Sap (groupig words) NOTE: Various cards ar availabl i Rsourcs Sctio #2A. Cut up a pil of cards ad writ dow all th diffrt words for sayig a similar thig. Dal out th cards btw you. Tak it i turs to put dow your top card oto a pil o th tabl. If th card you put dow dscribs a similar word to th o th prvious prso put dow shout SNAP ad put your had oto th top of th pil. Whovr shouts sap first wis. Th wir taks th pil from th tabl ad adds it to th bottom of thir cards. Thy th start by puttig dow thir xt card. Th objct of th gam is to gt all th cards. If this is ot happig, st a tim limit ad th wir is th prso with th most cards. ACTION SNAP Fallig ovr: Slip, slid, toppl, skid, fall ovr, stumbl, trip Typs of walkig: Staggr, swaggr, ttr, toddl, sautr, strid ahad, march, shuffl, dawdl, lumbr alog, lollop, ambl Slpig: Slp, sooz, doz, slumbr, sor, dram, 40 wiks, ap Ruig: Ru, sprit, jog Claig: Wash, cla, wip, polish, mop, scrub, buff, sprig cla, d-scal Spd: fast, slow, acclrat, rockt-spd, rapid, slow-coach, fly-by, rac away, spd past ACTION SNAP Rai: torrtial, spittig, drizzl, pourig, raiig cats ad dogs, dowpour, shts of rai Cloud: cloudy, misty, foggy, ovrcast Su: sust, daw, dusk, blazig su, rays, dirct sulight, shadow (NOTE: your child will d to b abl to rad) ACTIVITY: Th What ad How Gam of Charads Hav two pils of diffrt colourd cards. O pil is thigs I m doig ad th scod pil is how I m doig thm. E.g. brush your tth quickly. Choos o card from ach pil ad act out th actio i th way said. Tak it i turs ithr idividually or i tams to guss: 1) What am I doig? 2) How am I doig it? Clus ca b giv if th prso is usig a word with a similar maig. E.g. It s similar, It bgis with lttr soud. Aftr a st tim, if th word has ot b gussd, it is show to vryo, th word is xplaid ad talkd about ad th put back ito th pil so that it ca b usd agai ad th might b kow. Rd cards: th actio Gr cards: how it should b do E.g. Say hllo - agrily Rd cards: Brushig your tth, makig a drik, walkig, sayig hllo, gttig drssd, puttig your trairs o, playig th piao, dacig, watchig TV Gr cards: quickly, hurridly, agrily, xcitdly, thusiastically, calmly, pacfully, slowly, dramily, urgtly, happily, grumpily, slpily 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

9 ACTIVITY: My Top 5 Tak a card ad discuss My Top 5. Compar your top 5 with your partr's. Ar ay th sam? Which ar diffrt? Topics iclud: sports I lik, ways of goig to school, thigs I would tak with m to th moo, placs I would go o holiday, iscts, thigs to do i th dark, birthday prsts, sadwich filligs, pizza toppigs ACTIVITY: Shout It Out You d post card sizd cards with th catgory ad 10 itms pritd o thm. Th prso with th card tlls th group th catgory. Th group must shout out as may itms i that catgory as thy ca. Th card holdr ticks off th os shoutd out which ar o thir card. You stop aftr 1 miut or soor if all 10 hav b gussd. Th wirs ar th tam with th most itms tickd off o th cards aftr 15 miuts or aftr four cards ach. Topics o th cards iclud:»» Kitch utsils»» Picic thigs»» Forms of trasport»» Itms i your bdroom»» Thigs i th gard»» Actios to show movmt»» Blak cards for your child to writ dow thir choics of itms for othrs to guss.g. popl who hlp us, thigs foud at th park ACTIVITY: O Word at a Tim (probably for slightly oldr childr) Th adult holds a card abov th child s had from bhid. Th othrs i th group must say o word ach to hlp th child guss what th word is. How may words ca b gussd i 3 miuts? You ca kp th sam child gussig for th whol 3 miuts or quickly chag th child with th xt prso ach tim a word is gussd. Exampl: Gard E.g. Law Mowr: cuttig grass E.g. Hos Pip: watr (Guss: watrig ca NO) for claig car (buckt NO) tub E.g. Sails: slug with shll E.g. Hocky: hit small ball stick Writ your ow cards aroud topics o scrap papr. This is a good way of itroducig words which may b comig up ovr th xt moth. Us words which you us as a family, hav a varity of kow ad w words. Thik broadly! Topics o th cards iclud:»» Christmas»» Vacatio Trip»» Campig»» Gard»» Watr sports»» Sport NOTE: Various cards ar availabl i Rsourcs Sctio #2D. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

10 Wh words tll you how I fl Emotios Vocabulary Ecourag your child to talk about what is happig i thir lif. At first kp it cocrt ad simpl. Giv xampls yourslf. Talk about how you flt, ask thm about how thy flt. Mak this part of rgular covrsatio tim. Gradually mor complx motioal situatios will b brought up. RECOGNISE YOUR CHILD S EMOTIONS AS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR INTIMACY B awar of ad rcogis your child s motios as a opportuity for itimacy. Wh agd 7 11 your child will b thikig through who thy ar ad what thy fl about thigs. Put yourslf i your child s shos ad list to what thy ar sayig. Always ackowldg thir fligs. Talk about what has happd ad how you fl as part of your covrsatio tim. REF: 3.3 Words tll you how I fl Giv your child tim, ithr th or rmmbr to build it i latr. REMEMBER TO TALK ABOUT HOW YOU FEEL DURING EVERYDAY CONVERSATIONS Rmmbr havig a covrsatio vry day with your child (LISTEN chaptr)? Try ad talk about your motios durig ths routi covrsatios. Us th sam motios vocabulary you spok with your child about th day bfor wh thy wr upst. W lar vocabulary bst through lif xprics. Try ad map words oto your xprics. Try ad diffrtiat th diffrt ways you fl. Thik broadly! USE STORIES, FILMS, THE NEWS, TO EXTEND YOUR CHILD S EXPERIENCES OF HOW OTHERS ARE FEELING Your child ds th cotxt or th scario of motioal laguag. Films ad storis ar a grat way of highlightig w vocabulary. It is oft ot talkd about i th film but thr ar always motios thr. E.g. Dr Who, Harry Pottr Watch ral lif vts o TV. Talk about th popl. How dos th footballr fl wh h is ijurd or st off? Watch a childr s ws programm togthr, or rad a childr s wspapr togthr. How do popl i th vt fl? HELP YOUR CHILD FIND THE WORDS TO EXPRESS THEIR EMOTIONS Us tims talkig about a xpric or a challg to hlp your child mov byod simpl motios vocabulary. Try ad itroduc othr trms, othr ways of talkig about how thy fl. E.g. a child who is ma i th playgroud could b big bossy or slfish or tasig you SET LIMITS WHILE EXPLORING THE ISSUES Thr is a balac i dalig with your child s motios. If rcurrt motioal issus ar arisig, sk advic from your child s school or local profssioals. Hav a routi to your day which provids a combiatio of spac ad boudaris. St up copig stratgis for vryday lif ad th us covrsatio tims to dal with th udrlyig difficultis triggrig th way thy ar flig Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

11 NOTE: Cards availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm# 2F. ACTIVITY: Emotios Sap Cut up a pil of cards ad writ dow lots of diffrt ways of dscribig th sam typ of motio. You ca us th cards providd i th Rsourcs Sctio ad also crat your ow additioal cards. Dal out th cards btw you. Tak it i turs to put dow your top card oto a pil o th tabl. If th card you put dow dscribs a similar word to th o th prvious prso put dow shout SNAP ad put your had oto th top of th pil. Whovr shouts sap first wis. Th wir taks th pil from th tabl ad adds it to th bottom of thir cards. Thy th start by puttig dow thir xt card. Th objct of th gam is to gt all th cards. If this is ot happig, st a tim limit. Th wir is th prso with th most cards. Happy, cstatic, dlightd, thrilld, ovrjoyd, plasd, cott, glad. Frightd, afraid, axious, worrid, cocrd, shockd. Sad, pitiful, mlacholy, dprssd, upst, fd up, bord, uhappy. Cross, agry, aggrssiv, grumpy. Shar joks ad xplai thm at your child s lvl. REF: 3.3 Joks Wh words ar fuy Childr lov tllig joks. At this ag childr ar larig w joks ad makig up thir ow oft oss joks. WHY ARE JOKES IMPORTANT? If your child kows a fw joks thy ca joi i with thir frids ad gai cofidc i itractig i a small group. Thy bgi to lar: That two words soud th sam but hav diffrt maigs. That by chagig o soud you ca crat diffrt words.g. plig, flig. To list to stcs ovr ad ovr agai oft i a small group. To us qustio word ordr.g. 'Why did th?', followd by 'Bcaus '. To tak turs withi a xchag. To tll a short story with a bgiig, middl ad d. To rmmbr idas ad squcs of iformatio. For my child: If thy kow som joks thy ca tak it i turs to tll thm with my frids. If thy kow th format of joks thy ca joi i with thir frids joks. E.g. Kock Kock, Who s thr... LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

12 THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF JOKES Pus o words Shaggy dog storis (a short riddl of a logr fuy tal with puch li at th d) Tach your child th format of joks. W rspod i a st way to diffrt os. Thy d to kow how to rspod so that thy ca joi i. Format joks.g. Kock Kock, Who s thr, Why did th chick cross th road? Bcaus. th Wk ACTIVIT Y: Jok of jok for family chooss a O mmbr of th ad placd dow o a card itt wr s It. k w at th tig dow. Wh you ar sit o th kitch tabl othr A ca tll th jok. togthr somo sam jok, ca ayo prso ca tll th s jok? rmmbr last wk Exampls: Pus o words: NOTE: Mor joks availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm# 2G. r brakfast? What do cats at fo t? cats at for brakfas I do t kow, what do Mic Krispis What do frogs at fo Cocoa Hops r brakfast? Wh words do t ma what thy say! List to what you say a lot of it dos ot actually ma what it says. Oc your child has stablishd covrsatioal skills, it is importat to mov thm o i thir us of dtaild ad dscriptiv laguag. Thr is a icrasig lik btw what thy say ad what thy rad. Som phrass will b lard by you usig thm, othrs will b lard by your child radig thm. It is importat you chck that your child udrstads ths words ad ca us thm i cotxt ovr ad ovr agai. Ths phrass ar th icig o th cak, or i othr words thy ar th xtra dtail or skills which rais th complxity of your child s laguag ad mak it soud mor atural. Som familis ad som commuitis do t us idioms if you do t, mak sur you highlight ad xplai thm wh your child coms across thm i thir radig books Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

13 .g. th mostr was hot o his hls, brathig dow his ck..g. h dug dp i ordr to fiish th rac..g. his hads wr as cold as ic..g. I flt ar th dg, I was so agry isid, I was about to xplod, but I rmmbrd th wizard s kid words. Som childr fid idiom or phras larig difficult. Wait util your child has lard a coupl of th simplr idioms by you talkig about thm wh thy aris. Oc thy ca do this thy ar rady to lar mor. Look for a book i th library or look o th itrt for fu picturs ad phrass which you hav hard withi your vryday lif. Ths will vary btw coutris ad commuitis. Rmmbr th vocabulary rmidrs? Us ths to us th sam fw phrass agai ad agai. E.g. Post-It ots, writ it dow o your papr book mark. ACTIVITY: Focusig o wh words do t ma what thy say Look out for Idioms ad Phrass i books ad vryday lif. REF: 3.4 Us ad Explai Idioms ad Phrass Writ a phras o a Post-It ot i th kitch. Ca I us that phras durig th wk. Thr ar 2 pils of cards th phras & th colour. Plac th cards o th tabl fac dow i 2 sctios. Wh it is your tur, you must tur ovr 1 card from ach pil. If you fid a pair which gos togthr you ca kp thm. Hav a pattr which rus across ach card so that childr ca play alo ad slf chck. (phras) H flt sad ad (colour) blu (colour) Gr (phras) with vy (colour) A black (phras) mood (phras) To s (colour) rd Dscribig words: Two stc sctios add last word. As cold as ic As black as coal As light as a fathr As bold as brass As strog as a ox It s th littl phrass ad sayigs which mak my child s laguag soud mor atural. Part NOTE: Sampl cards availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm # 2H. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

14 EXPAND GRAMMAR Udrstadig how vocabulary is built up hlps us to udrstad grammar. If your child has quit a good udrstadig of th alphabt ad th souds i words, ad has a larg vocabulary, thy ar rady to thik mor about how words ar built up ito stcs. How w build words ito stcs is Grammar. It is o of th hardr thigs for a daf child to dvlop, so it s worth focusig upo wh th tim is right. Mak sur th othr laguag buildig blocks ar i plac first. Your child ds to b usig at last four words i a stc, ad thy d to udrstad about th souds i words ad how words ar built ito stcs. Th thy ar rady to thik about how thy ar cratig stcs. If your child is xpricig prsistt word ordr difficultis wh costructig thir stcs, plas cotact a spcialist Spch ad Laguag Thrapist. What is Grammar? GRAMMAR INVOLVES WORD ORDER If your child sigs, thy may us a diffrt word ordr i thir sig laguag compard with thir spok laguag. Word ordr is rally importat to th maig of stcs. Grally, w ar fidig that with bttr harig tchology childr ar dvlopig a mor auditory basd spok laguag systm ad so th big word ordr issus of a dcad ago ar ot as vidt i daf childr s writt ad spok laguag. This is vry xcitig, but it dos ma that you must xpos your child to a lot of simply structurd stcs if thy ar goig to itralis ad lar th word ordr of our laguag. GRAMMAR INVOLVES KNOWING HOW WORDS ARE BUILT UP Compoud words May short words ar joid togthr to mak logr words (bldd words). Somtims this givs you clus to what thy ma ad somtims it hlps you rad ad rmmbr th word.»» Grhous whr gr plats ar grow outsid i a littl hous mad of glass.»» Forvr for a log tim, vr ad vr.»» Tapot th pot for your ta. Rmmbr: Childr who udrstad how words ca b built up, brok dow or maipulatd, td to hav largr vocabularis ad bttr radig comprhsio. Add os Grammar ivolvs buildig w vocabulary usig a combiatio of lmts ( Add os i.. suffixs ad prfixs). Childr who udrstad how words ar formd by addig lmts ( add os ) oto th bgiig (prfix) or d (suffix) of th word (th bas word) td to hav largr vocabularis ad bttr radig comprhsio. It s thrfor importat that childr rcogis ths i thir radig ad writig.»» Do udo, abl uabl, comfortabl - ucomfortabl»» Lik dislik, abl disabl, arm disarm»» Icomptt comptt, idscribabl dscribabl Spok Eglish ivolvs a lot of add os at th ds of words (a suffix) or th bgiigs of words (a prfix) -d, -ly, -s, pr-, u-,.g. I ra quickly NOT I ra quick, ad th fastst boy wo th rac NOT th most fast boy wo th rac. Highlight Add-os wh you s thm i writt words Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

15 May words chag thir form withi stcs. Udrstadig this ca hlp your child kow thir maig withi th stc ad focuss upo grammar. Rabbit ad rabbits plural / mor tha o Rabbit s it blogs to th rabbit Fast fastr fastst, big biggr biggst, log logr logst Ar all comparig words ia, ist ad r all tur a bas word ito popl words Music musicia, magic magicia, art artist, jog joggr, tach tachr, build buildr, spak spakr GRAMMAR INVOLVES SUBJECTS AND VERBS AGREEING H is walkig to school NOT h ar walkig to school Th child is cross NOT th childr is cross H walks to school NOT h walk to school GRAMMAR INVOLVES LINKING SENTENCES Mor complicatd grammar ivolvs logr stcs joid with likig words. Two short stcs: Th ma ra out of his hous. H was lat for his bus. Likd: Th ma ra out of his hous bcaus h was lat for his bus. Likig words ca b hardr or asir to us: Ad, bcaus, or If, bfor, aftr, so, istad Although, othrwis, ulss, howvr, whatvr, whvr, ithr, ithr, as soo as, i ordr to, v though How do w lar grammar? You kow what souds right, but you do t kow vry rul to xplai why! Your child is th sam. Usig thir harig tchology, your child is gttig usd to harig what souds right. This is why it is rally importat your child always hars complt ad grammatically corrct stcs. It s th rhythm ad flow of a stc which oft hlps a child kow if a stc souds right or souds strag. Rmmbr th Listig Loop Lt your child har th corrct grammatical costructio. If thy ar gttig it wrog, prompt thm to rfr to thir mmory of how stcs ar formd ad compar this with what thy hav just hard you say. You do this by modllig th corrct stcs aftr thy hav said it, or gtly promptig thm to us altrativs. Probably th bst ad asist way of larig grammar is to idtify a coupl of spcific faturs i your child s spch ad focus upo ths i vryday stcs, gams or familiar sogs. Put th targt fatur ito a rptitiv phras your child must us ovr ad ovr agai. B imagiativ ad adapt your laguag it s asir tha you thik. My child lars grammar by harig th corrct form ovr ad ovr agai. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

16 ist ACTIVIT Y: Chckl s my child us? What grammar do ctio. l i th Rsourc S Chcklist is availab is chcklist w. You ca rpat th Complt ad rvi your u s fit to moitor as may tims as yo t. child's dvlopm NOTE: Chcklist availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm# 2I. WHAT IS MY CHILD S GRAMMAR LIKE? List to your child s stcs. What ar thy doig? What do thy d to add or chag? If you ar ot sur, sit ad list to thm talkig with somo ls or ask thm to tll you a story. Look at th grammar chcklist i th Rourcs Sctio. Tick off what you har. Daf childr s grammar dvlopmt will follow a similar pattr to a harig child s, so thik about what faturs might dvlop xt. Do t tst ad do t ovr corrct ad do t tach lots of ruls. Us th gams ad idas blow to build up your child s us of a grammatical structurs or phrass i vryday lif. ACTIVITIES TO USE A SPECIFIC GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE OVER AND OVER AGAIN Rmmbr to kp it fu. Hr ar a fw idas of gams; us thm to build up your ow phrass i family lif. ACTIVITY: Proous (I, you, h, sh, w, thy) I wt shoppig ad I bought OR Sh wt shoppig ad sh bought tc. I spy with my littl y somthig bgiig with c. I spy with my littl y somthig blu. (for yougr childr) Lad child says th phras, thiks of a itm thy ca currtly s ad tlls you th lttr it bgis with or its colour. Th othr childr hav to shout out what thy thik it might b. Add th phras You saw a cat, You saw th cak, You saw a p. Thik of a currt sog which uss I, Sh, H a lot. Look at th words ad sig alog Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

17 ACTIVITY: Qustio Word Ordr (Happy Familis) A varity of Happy Familis card gams ar availabl commrcially. Th aim is to fid all th cards i o family which you ca th kp. Th targt qustio forms to practis ar Mummy, Do you hav --? or Plas may I hav --? or Hav you got --? Th targt gativ aswrs ar No, I do t hav -- or No, I hav t got --. Th gam ivolvs askig qustios, givig a rptitiv rspos, ad rmmbrig who had which card or who askd for a family ad so might hav othrs i that family. Us fu gams to practis spcific grammatical faturs ad gtly rmodl corrct grammar promptig thm to us altrativs. REF: 3.5 Play gams ad gtly prompt grammar ACTIVITY: Qustio Word Ordr (20 Qustios) Who am I? Somo thiks of a prso. Th othrs must ask thm Ys / No qustios i ordr to guss who thy ar. Ca you guss withi 20 qustios? If ot, th prso tlls you who thy ar. E.g. Ar you aliv? Ar you a ma? Ar you a sportsma? Ar you i a tam? Do you us a ball? ACTIVITY: Dscribig Words Colour + Numbr Commrcially availabl gam: Uo (publishd by Mattl) - blu 2, gr 5) ACTIVITY: Subjct + Vrb / Subjct + Vrb + Objct / Subjct + Vrb agrmts (Copy cats.g. H was paitig a door) Stad i a short li with th first prso facig you, th othrs facig away. You must tak it i turs to pass th actio dow th li. Th prso at th d gusss what th actio was. Do th actio to th first prso i th li you oly hav 15 scods for ach tur. Thy tap th xt prso ad thy tur roud. Thy hav 15 scods to do th actio to thm. Thy i tur tap th xt prso who turs aroud ad th actio is passd dow th li. Th last prso must guss what th actio was. If thy gt it wrog, th xt prso alog gusss. How far alog th li do you hav to go back to guss it corrctly? Easy actios: Sh was brushig hr tth, H was drivig a car, H was flyig a aropla, I am kickig a football Hardr actios: I was walkig a dog, Sh was paitig a pictur of a fac, H was walkig i th rai ACTIVITY: Plural s (Sap) You will d to mak ths. Cut up som card. Us childr s stamps or draw picturs. Hav mor sigl itms so that you practis sigular / plural mor oft. 1 flowr (x3), 2 flowrs, 3 flowrs, 6 flowrs, 15 flowrs 1 pig (x3), 2 pigs, 4 pigs, 7 pigs, 12 pigs 1 tr (x3) 2 trs, 3 trs, 8 trs, 13 trs You ca adapt this gam to practis plurals ad also lar th cocpt words: 1 (sigl), coupl, fw, svral, lots. Tak it i turs to tur ovr a card ad put it o top of th pil. Nam your card ach tim. If you hav two of th sam objct it is SNAP (ot cssarily th sam umbr). Th prso who shouts sap first ad puts thir had o top of th pil wis all thos cards. Thy put thm to th bottom of thir pil ad start th w pil off.g. a coupl of flowrs / svral pigs / a sigl flowr / lots of flowrs SNAP. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

18 ACTIVITY: Likig Words AND I wt shoppig ad I bought: a cak ad a pizza ad som bakd bas. Th first prso starts off by sayig a phras ad th thiks of o itm. Th scod prso says th phras icludig th first prso s itm ad th thiks of o thmslvs. Th third prso says th phrass ad th first & scod popl s itms ad adds a third. Th gam cotius util th list is so log that you caot rmmbr all th itms. ACTIVITY: Likig Words SO / SO THAT I wt to th moo ad so I took a radig book so that I was t bord, a star chart so that I could s whr I was, a magifyig glass so that I could s th moo rocks, som oxyg so that I could brath. ACTIVITY: Likig Words - BECAUSE I took a hat with m o vacatio bcaus it was hot, a swimmig costum bcaus thr was a pool, a camra bcaus I was goig sightsig, som boots bcaus I was goig walkig, my passport bcaus I was travllig abroad. ACTIVITY: Likig Words (.g. ad, bcaus, if) Us a board gam (.g.frustratio, Ludo). Hav a pil of cards with a likig word o ach o. ad, bcaus, or, if, bfor, aftr, so, istad, although, othrwis, ulss, howvr, whatvr, whvr, ithr, ithr, as soo as, i ordr to, v though Roll th dic ad tur ovr a card from th pil. If you ca mak up a stc usig th giv word you ca doubl th umbr you thrw o th dic. Mov o this may squars, th it s th xt prso s tur. ACTIVITY: Likig words (Family dbats) Hav a pil of cards with a likig word o ach. Dal out o card ach ad plac th rst i a pil o th tabl. You may wat th sam likig word o svral cards. Each prso must giv thir opiio ad us th targt word o thir card durig thir commt. At first, start off choosig popl playig th gam with you. E.g. I would mak Amy walk th plak istad of Joh bcaus sh is a bttr swimmr. Latr, choos popl kow through school (tachrs), TV, ws, sport, tc. Likig words: ad, bcaus, or, if, bfor, aftr, so, istad, although, othrwis, ulss, howvr, whatvr, whvr, ithr, ithr, as soo as, i ordr to, v though Dbat Qustios: Who would you mak walk th plak o th pirat ship? Who would you sd to th moo i a spac rockt? Who would you ask to fly a aropla if th pilot was sick? Who would you sd to dig up som burid trasur? 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

19 A usful wbsit rsourc Oxford Uivrsity has dvlopd a wbsit which summariss a structurd programm ad givs wk by wk iformatio for tachrs to focus upo morphology (th buildig blocks for words.g. prfixs, suffixs, plural s, -d, -ia, -io). Tachrs ca us this as a basis upo which to crat gams. Parts might prfr to spd som tim lookig aroud th sit to pick up spcific gams thy might wat to play. For popl who lik to rad ad thik through thory, it is a practical way of doig this. Us writt txt ad proof radig to highlight corrct stcs ad grammar. REF: 3.5 Proof radig txt to highlight grammar Udrstadig how words ar built up with digs ad bgiigs (suffix & prfix) Discovrig th Scrts of Words is a usful dowload. This is a structurd way of lookig at how childr us grammar. It will giv usful word ad stc idas for you to adapt as familis if you wat a lot of iformatio i this ara. Rsourcs for Workig with Daf childr, Rsourcs for Tachig Litracy Usig writt laguag to lar grammar Spok Laguag is said ad th go. Writt Laguag ca b s ad thought about. At th d of a pic of homwork, courag your child to rad it out loud. Do ay stcs soud wrog or fuy? If thy ar ot flut radrs, rad th stc for thm so that thy ca coctrat o listig to what souds bst. By radig it out loud rathr tha to thmslvs i thir hads, thy ar rfrrig to thir Listig Loop. B carful to kp it fu ad focus upo what souds bst rathr tha simply tllig thm th aswr. Rmmbr what you hav itroducd bfor ad if rrors ar mad agai start with ths. Do t corrct vry stc i thir homwork, ask thm to pick out two or thr which thy thik soud fuy. Thr is a fi li btw hlpig thm idtify thigs which soud wrog ad th goig too far ad discouragig thm or rducig thir slf-cofidc. Your child s writt laguag will b diffrt to thir spok laguag. If it s OK with your child, writ dow what thy say somtims. Ca your child us th sam proof radig tchiqus to thik about how to improv thir spok laguag? Usig Writt Laguag to hlp improv grammar: Multipl choic which souds bst? Fill i th gaps from a choic of words Word ordr ujumblig stcs Likig words combiig parts of stcs Rad out loud - it hlps your child rfr to thir good listig skills of what souds bst. HOW TO HIGHLIGHT AND DEVELOP YOUR CHILD S GRAMMAR O of your child s strogst skills is thir ability to har usig thir modr harig tchology. So trust thir listig skills. Start off usig phrass or suggstios which ar widly diffrt, givig altrativs which will soud vry wrog or silly. If your child ca t har which souds bst, ithr it s too hard a grammatical fatur to focus upo at th momt or you d to mak th cotrast v mor strikig. Childr lar by workig it out ad applyig thir listig kowldg. Do t just giv thm th corrct grammar to corrct thir work. Dpdig upo th typ of grammatical rror, th followig tchiqus ar usful,.g.multipl choic. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

20 I th xampl blow w hav highlightd vry stc, but i rality you would oly focus upo two or thr ach tim i ordr to maitai your child s thusiasm ad slf-cofidc. Th writt dscriptio of a cochlar implatd child s school trip (agd 9). 'I lik th bst is milkd cows ad hld a owl ad chick. I saw frrt ad h tryig to gt out. Th oly good thig blidfold bird. At th park I saw my frid which is Daf. Th tr was fuy ois. It a fatastic plac. I hav ot b thr bfor. Takig shp s coat off. I m itrstd about puttig hors s sho o.' MULTIPLE CHOICE - WHICH ONE SOUNDS BEST? If agrmts, word digs, ts or somthig similar is wrog us multipl choic. Writ dow thr diffrt ways of costructig th stc. At first mak thm vry diffrt so that it s obvious which o is corrct. Rad out ach stc aloud so that your child hars it. Or if thir radig is quit flut, ask thm to rad it out loud thmslvs. Elimiat which o is dfiitly wrog. Th r-rad th othr two, Which o souds bst? or Which o souds fuy? Gradually mak th stcs big chos mor similar as your child improvs. a. I lik th bst is milkd cows b. I likd milkig th cows bst c. I lik is milkd th cows bst a. Ad hld a owl ad chick b. Ad I hld a owl ad a chick c. Ad holdig owl ad chick If your child caot har which is right v wh you mak th diffrcs mor obvious, th us a diffrt tchiqu. E.g. ad hld a owl ad chck Us Fill i th gap. FILL IN THE GAP - FROM A CHOICE OF WORDS If o word is icorrct i th stc or if a word is missd out, us 'Fill i th gap'. Rad th stc out loud. Togthr idtify which word is wrog or whr aothr word is dd. Writ dow th stc with this word missig. Writ dow thr words which it could b. Rad th stc out loud addig i o of th thr words ach tim. Which stc souds right? Or fuy? Fill i th gaps I saw frrt ad h tryig to gt out. a, ad, was, a, to Multipl choic (Th oly good thig blidfold bird) a. A rally good thig b. A oly bst thig c. A rally bst thig ( blidfold bird) a. was blidfoldd bird b. was a blidfoldd bird c. is blidfoldd bird Fill i th gap At th park I saw my frid is Daf which / what / who Multipl choic a. Th tr was makig a fuy ois b. Th tr was doig a fuy ois c. Th tr was a fuy ois Fill i th gaps It a fatastic plac a, ad, was, a, to 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

21 UNJUMBLE THE SENTENCE ACTIVITY: Word Ordr ujumblig stcs If th stc has multipl rrors, us 'Ujumbl th Stc'. Idtify that th stc souds fuy. Rwrit it corrctly ad cut it up ito chuks. To mak it asir, start with groups of words i ach chuk. Ask your child to sort out th stc ito th right ordr. To mak it hardr, xt tim hav mor pics with fwr words i ach chuk. Ujumbl th stc.g. Takig shp s coat off I saw / a ma takig / a shp s coat off COMBINING SENTENCES USING A RANGE OF LINKING WORDS ACTIVITY: Likig Words combiig parts of stcs If lots of short stcs ar usd or thy ar all likd with 'ad', us 'Likig Words'. Idtify two adjoiig stcs. Rwrit thm ad th us th Fill i th Gap tchiqu. Rad th stcs out loud likd by o of th thr words. Which o souds right? Start off with a simpl targt word.g. ad / bcaus. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

22 EXPAND SPEECH SOUNDS Thik about what maks your child s spch mor or lss asy for othrs to follow. How ca ths aras b adaptd as wll as lookig at your child s ow spch soud systm? THE SPEECH INTELLIGIBILITY TRIANGLE Thik of spch itlligibility as a triagl. If th listr kows th cotxt thy ar mor likly to follow what your child is sayig. It s quit fluid, chagig dpdig upo diffrt covrsatios ad situatios. Each of th corrs of th triagl impacts upo th othrs. You ca chag ay or all of th thr aras i ordr to hlp improv how itlligibl your child s spch is to othrs. Th child thmslvs as th spakr How cofidt ar thy to spak to othrs? Will thy prsvr to gt thir mssag across? Do thy hav good commuicatio skills? E.g. sayig it diffrtly if somo has ot udrstood, givig th cotxt of what thy ar talkig about. Do thy us additioal cus if th listr has ot followd. How clar is thir spch soud systm wh sayig th words? Th cotxt of th itractio Hlpig my child b udrstood wh thy ar spakig. REF: 3.6 Hlpig my child b udrstood wh I m ot thr Topic Cotxt: Dos th listr kow what topic your child is talkig about i.. is th cotxt kow or ukow? Laguag Cotxt: Dos your child grally us th corrct word ordr so that it is asir to prdict what your child might b tryig to say? Eviromtal Cotxt: How oisy or distractig is th room you ar commuicatig i? How ar you sittig i rlatio to ach othr, ar you far away, by a bright widow or i frot of a loud spakr? Th listr i th itractio How ar th corrs of th spch itlligibility triagl chagig dpdig upo th diffrt situatios my child fids thmslvs i? How familiar is th listr with your child? Ar thy familiar with th spch of daf childr? Ar thy sympathtic listrs i.. good at pickig up what childr ar sayig, willig to hav a try ad givig th child cofidc to kp tryig? What ca I do to hlp my child b udrstood? PROVIDE YOUR CHILD S LISTENER WITH THE CONTEXT OF WHAT THEY ARE TALKING ABOUT What topics ca I giv my child to talk about? Fid out wh thir show ad tll day is. Giv your child a tagibl prompt of somthig thy ca talk about. If you go shoppig ask thm to choos th cral or a comic, this ca b th topic for show & tll at school Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

23 If you hav rad a favourit bdtim story lt thm tak it i to tll thir class. If you hav bought a magazi togthr you ca tak a pag i to show what you hav colourd. Giv your child s tachrs th cotxts for your child s covrsatios ad ask school about what topics thy ar doig so that you ar mor likly to follow what your child is sayig. This is calld Topic Cotxt. If w kow th topic it s asir to follow what is big said. Spch is also mor itlligibl bcaus of its Laguag Cotxt. So as your child s word ordr ad stc structur dvlop, popl will mor asily prdict th word thy ar likly to b sayig ad so har it mor asily. As modr harig tchology improvs, daf childr ar lss oft havig word ordr difficultis i thir spok laguag. If your child prsisttly has word ordr difficultis, cosult your local profssioals or cochlar implat tam. OTHERS NEED TO KNOW WHAT THEY CAN DO TO EASE CONVERSATIONS Your child will b mor itlligibl to familiar ad sympathtic listrs. Mak a commuicatio book or rmmbr sht. As a family ad as a class sssio, talk about how w spak wll ad what w ca do if somo dos t udrstad us. Iclud idas of how to commuicat i a group ad how your child ca tak som cotrol ad maag difficult commuicatio situatios thmslvs. Hav ths o a wall chart, i a commuicatio book or summarisd to go i your child s daily school foldr. Cosistt staffig is importat. If thr is a tmporary tachr for a day, rmid your child of th stratgis thy ca us to hlp thmslvs b udrstood bttr. Highlight th commuicatio book (stratgis) to th tmporary tachr. Mak y cotact with m Adults physically gt dow to my lvl. Spak to m from idally 1 mtr but o mor tha 2 mtrs away. Slow dow your rat of spch, but kp th atural rhythm. Spak aturally ad do t ovr articulat. Say a tricky stc agai usig diffrt vocabulary. Say it agai usig shortr stcs. I all my child s xprics: hom, school, sports tams, play clubs Thik about: Which commuicatio stratgis d to b highlightd or chagd for th diffrt situatios? GIVE YOUR CHILD STRATEGIES FOR WHEN CONVERSATIONS ARE HARD Th followig ar idas of thigs to talk about with your child. Lt thm say what hlps thm ad what dos t. If you writ thm dow, kp thm ad show thm to school. Thy could b icludd i your child s idividual programm of study or school foldr so that othr mmbrs of staff will also s it. If I do t udrstad th spakr I will ask, what dos that word ma? I will say pardo. I will ask th tachr to put th radio aid o or to pass it aroud th class to thos spakig. I will ask if it could b a bit quitr i hr. If somo dos t udrstad m I will say th stc i a diffrt way. I will slow dow a bit. I will tur ad look at thm ad say it agai. I will tll thm th subjct I am talkig about first. What is a commuicatio book? REF: 4.0 Focus upo good commuicatio whrvr your child is. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

24 THINGS WHICH MAKE IT EASIER TO SPEAK AND LISTEN IN A GROUP Wh i a group, o prso spaks at a tim ad othrs tak it i turs to say somthig. Hlpig my child s spch usig thir Listig Loop. REF: 3.6 Hlpig your child har th corrct way of sayig th words. Do t hav music o i th backgroud wh doig crativ activitis bcaus th I ca t har what popl ar sayig to m. Plas say my am if I d to tur to look at th spakr i a oisy room. Try ad cut dow backgroud chattr wh tachig from th frot of class or wh discussig issus. War my radio aid. Tur it o for whol class work, had it to th child spakig durig discussios ad tur it off wh you ar talkig to aothr group ad I m workig idpdtly. Structur turs i a discussio so that I ca hav som tim to thik about what I wat to say ad ca b giv a opportuity to say it. Rmmbr: B Ssitiv - my child ds to stay cofidt i thir spch abilitis. Naturally rmodllig clar spch productio is crucial, but choos my momts. Lt m us visual cus lik drawigs ad objcts i my cotributio so that othrs ca follow what I m sayig. My child s spch souds Som of th souds i my child s spch ar uclar or thy us a diffrt soud. Ev with modr harig tchology, spch clarity is dpdt upo may factors which affct all childr. Ths iclud your child s ag, thir listig skills, articulatio skills, thir commuicativ cofidc. Rmmbr th Listig Loop: Highlightig th soud ovr ad ovr agai givs your child th chac to compar how you ad thy say a word. A Spch & Laguag Thrapist will b abl to advis you o how to bst approach focussig upo your child s spch soud systm. A lot of childr dvlop clarr spch ovr tim, but you d th buildig blocks of listig ad laguag i plac first bfor spcific focussd work ca b udrtak. Spch souds aturally dvlop at diffrt tims. Your child will follow a similar pattr to thir harig prs. Focus upo th arlir or asir souds first. Rmmbr th Listig Loop: Expos your child to th soud you ar targtig ovr ad ovr agai. Highlight thm withi gams, rptitiv books, phrass, words i pop sogs, joks, tc. For xampl: Ssss soud. Play a gam, I ca s somthig rd (what is it?). Rad a book.g. Socks by Nick Sharratt Hlpig my child s spch souds through arly phoics work Thr is a lik btw a child s us of souds i thir spch ad thir us of souds i writt laguag. At a youg ag w ca focus upo this through thir arly phoics ad pr-radig work. A lot of our child s arly radig work at pr-school ad school is basd aroud th thory likig spch souds with phoics. For xampl, listig to rhymig words, th souds at th bgiig ad ds of words, brakig words up by thir souds or syllabls (robot talk). Rmmbr how w List ad Rmmbr words? Part of it ivolvs kowig which souds ar at th bgiig ad ds of words ad which words rhym with ach othr Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

25 Th thory is a littl complicatd! Fortuatly w do t rally d to kow it all. Th Spch Basd Listig Gams ar a lot of fu ad ar importat, so lt s do mor of thm at hom. Challg: W d to build up my child s spcific listig skills so that, if adaptd for thir spcific ds, thy ca fully participat i all th phoics basd activitis i school. Som usful adaptatios ar listd i th NDCS (Natioal Daf Childr s Socity) Phoics Guidac for th tachig of phoics to daf childr i maistram schools. support/our rsourcs/phoics guidac SPEECH BASED LISTENING GAMES Thr ar a lot of fu gams that ca b playd which focus upo ach of th spcific skills your child ds to build up thir listig skills ad hopfully th improv thir spch productio skills. Ths sctios ar likd with th Chcklist, How is my child listig ad usig spch souds i words? 1. Th umbr of words i a stc 2. Rhymig words 3. Words ar brok ito syllabls 4. Th soud at th bgiig of a word 5. Bgiig, Middl, Ed souds of words 6. Sgmtig words ito thir souds ad buildig words up from thir souds (bldig) 7. Souds i words ca b aalysd & maipulatd Us quick gams at hom to build up your child s listig to spch souds. REF: 3.8 Spch basd listig gams Thy ca thrfor participat fully i all th phoics basd activitis i school if adaptd to thir spcific ds, ad focus upo buildig thir listig skills. ACTIVITY: Listig to ad usig spch souds i words A hirarchy of spch basd listig gams. REF: 3.8 How is my child listig to ad usig spch souds NOTE: Chcklist availabl i th Rsourcs Sctio itm# 2J. LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13

26 CHEKCLIST ACTIVITY: 1) Th umbr of words i a stc As occasioally as doig othr thigs, ask your child how may words you usd i th stc. Start off with stcs thy ca rad. Latr, you rad th stc your child tlls you ad chcks thmslvs by radig it. Titl of th book Titl of th xt chaptr Words o a sig CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 2) Rhymig words Listig udrpis BOTH Spch Productio ad Phoics. Iitially your child will lar to rcogis rhym ad th thy will lar to grat it. Start with rptitiv storis which your child is familiar with.g. Room o th Broom, Gruffalo, Stuck i th Muck. Look at som poms at bdtim. Rad a stc ad ask thm which two words rhym? Choos os which look similar at first th progrss. Fid a word; ca thy thik of aothr word which would rhym with this o? Ca your child guss what th last word might b to rhym with a arlir word i a phras? Football cards or child s magazi Fid a word; ca you mak up a rhymig stc? COLE: Chryl Col i a hol, with a mol. ROONEY: Rooy lookig looy. TERRY: Joh Trry o a frry, wishig you a Mrry Christmas. A group rhymig gam Slap + Clap gams.»» Cout slowly 1,2,3,4.»» Slap your ks, clap your hads, sap figrs o o had, sap figrs o othr had.»» Kp this rhythm up, but do t spd up!»» First prso says two words that lik.g Rhym Cat Hat.»» Evryo kps th slap + clap rhythm goig.»» Nxt prso says th last word ad th o mor.g. Hat Bat. You ca allow ral ad oss words as log as thy follow th stablishd rul. If a word is wrog or if th rhythm is brok, you stop ad th xt prso i th circl starts with a frsh word. Apply varyig dgrs of strictss dpdig upo thos who ar ivolvd! CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 3) Words ar brok ito syllabls Wh radig togthr you will com across logr words which ar hardr to rad. Ecourag your child to soud it out; at th d say th word togthr. Ca your child tll you how may syllabls ar i that word? Syllabl Saks & Laddrs Choos a topic.g. what you ca s, whr you ar sittig, or fid a magazi or pictur to prompt you, or a pictur of a rct holiday, tc. Thik of a word. How may syllabls dos it hav? Mov forwards this umbr of squars. B clvr ad lad o th laddrs ad miss th saks! 2013 Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio

27 CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 4) Th soud at th bgiig of a word Pictur lotto gam. Pick up a card, do t lt th othr prso s it. Say th word cl-ow. Ca th othr prso fid who ds th card? Group or sort by iitial lttr soud Start with vry diffrt souds.g. ssss - b. Gradually choos souds which ar mor similar soudig. Fid b or s picturs or objcts. Muddl thm i a bag. Tak it i turs to tak o out ad put it i th corrct group. Rpat th soud, for your child to list ad compar with thir objct soud. Say th words alrady i th group so thy ca har th soud i a word cotxt ovr ad ovr agai ad har how diffrt it is to th othr soud ad its words. Go o to play a mmory gam togthr usig th words..g. with objcts play th Tray Gam (covr thm up - which o is missig wh you rmov th covr). Us two trays, o for ach soud group..g. ask for 3, 4, + itms i ordr. List to th souds at th bgiig of words durig vryday activitis. REF: 3.8 Icorporat listig to spch souds ito vryday lif CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 5) Bgiig, Middl, Eds of words Ths typs of activity ar oft do at school. At hom ask about words as thy aris ad ar discussd. Play word associatio by first lttr. Ladr radomly shouts chag ad givs a w lttr to cotiu with. For th ultimat challg, play word associatio takig th last lttr of th prvious word ad usig it for th first lttr of th xt word. Go by how th word souds ot how it is splt. Souds at bgiig of words I spy with my littl y somthig bgiig with c Slap + Clap as abov with soud at th bgiig. Likd with writig gams: Commrcially availabl Scattrgoris Juior (Hasbro or MB Gams). Probably for oldr childr. Roll a dic to idtify th lttr a word must bgi with, or if makig your ow gam, hav a pil of lttr cards to choos from. Thik of a word for ach catgory bgiig with that lttr,.g. girl s am, boy s am, fruit, a sport, a way of travllig, clothig. Writ it dow o your aswr pad. Shar your words at th d of th tim limit. 1 poit for vry word. 2 poits if o o ls had that particular word. Th prso with th most poits wis that roud. CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 6) Sgmtig words ito souds Buildig words up usig thir souds (Bldig) This will occur aturally as you ar larig to rad togthr. Souds I Spy: I spy a k--tt-l. I spy a t--l--v-i-s-io- Durig gams us sgmtig ad bldig as clus to th aswr..g. pictur lotto -what do I hav?.g. I spy - what ca I s? CHECKLIST ACTIVITY: 7) Souds i words ca b aalysd & maipulatd Play ths typs of gams wh your child ca do th othr lvls 1-6. Harig childr ca do this ad it hlps with spllig, so giv it a try. Crat word riddls for ach othr as you ar i th car or goig for a walk tc..g. tak th s from slot, what do you mak = lot Tak th t from tabl Tak l from owl, what do you mak? = ow Tak th c from cook ad chag it to l = look LEAPig O with Laguag Cochlar Ltd & Th Ear Foudatio N ISS1 APR13