International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications (IJSEA) Volume 1 Issue 2, 2012, ISSN (online)

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1 Intenationa Jouna of Science and Engineeing Appication (IJSEA) Voume 1 Iue 2, 2012, ISSN (onine) Chaacteization of dieectic popetie of the ename with fo the fequenc ange of 50 Hz - 5 MHz D. Edion Sevaaj, Aitant Pofeo, Mepco Schenk Engineeing Coege, Sivakai, India. Abtact: It ha been obeved that the addition of nano fie to the ename can geat impove the dieectic popetie of the ename. Cabon have been teted a nano fie. Chemica vapou depoition method wa ued to ntheize. Scanning eecton micocope ha been ued to augment the patice ize of. Thee wee mixed with tandad (Emo Luft 1A-FD) ename with hep of utaonic vibato. The baic dieectic popetie uch a dieectic o tangent (tan ), dieectic contant( ), quait facto, phae ange, dieectic conductivit and dieectic powe o of the ename with wee anazed and compaed with the popetie of the tandad ename. Thee diffeent dieectic popetie wee found with the hep of the Dieectic Spectocop. Dieectic contant, dieectic oe, dieectic conductivit and heat geneated unde AC fied wee anazed fo the fequenc ange of 50 Hz to 5 MHz. At 50 Hz, the ename ha owe diipation facto and dieectic oe. At 5 MHz, the ename ha owe diipation facto and dieectic oe. Ke wod, dieectic contant, dieectic oe, dieectic conductivit, quait facto, dieectic o tangent, dieectic powe o. 1. INTRODUCTION In the at few ea, a geat dea of attention ha been given to the appication of nano dieectic in the fied of eectica inuating mateia. It ha been epoted that the ue of nano compoite in the matix of pomeic mateia can geat impove the thema, mechanica and eectica popetie of pomeic nano compoite []. In the at few ea, a geat dea of attention ha been given to the appication of nano dieectic in the fied of eectica mateia. Nano dieectic wee a ca of mateia containing at eat one phae at the nanomete cae. The baic undetanding of eectica beakdown of mateia and eectica uface fahove phenomena mut be invetigated befoe the can be commecia avaiabe [1]. The finding of uch tudie ae eentia fo the deveopment of nano - dieectic mateia. A diving foce of the nano evoution wa a continuou poge in the nano dieectic towad inceaing the eve of tabiit, the eduction in the ize and weight of the inuating mateia [5]. The diffeent dieectic popetie uch a dieectic o tangent (tan ), dieectic contant( ), quait facto, phae ange, dieectic conductivit and dieectic powe o wee impotant fo an inuating mateia [3]. 2. EXPERIMENTAL 2.1. Sampe Pepaation The nanocompoite wee pepaed b adica initiato cuing method. 0% of ename and 20% of epox ein wee taken. Diamino Diphen Methane (DDM) wa ued a cuing agent. Fo 1g of ein, 0.27g of DDM wa taken. The DDM wa meted at 60-0 C fo 10 minute. The ename, ein and meted DDM wee mixed in a beake. The mixtue wa poued into the die coated b a Tefon heet. The die wa heated at 120 C fo 3 hou. Then, the die wa taken awa fom the oven and it wa cooed fo 1 hou Snthei of The nthei of conit of thee tage: Pepaation of Catat fo, Chemica vapou depoition (CVD) poce and Puification of Cabon Nanotube. Catat with diffeent Mo: Fe: A 2 O 3 moa atio wee pepaed b adding cacuated amount of Ammonium hexa mobdate teta hdate and feou uphate heptahdate into a upenion of aumina powde in methano [2]. The diffeent concentation of catat pepaed wee iutated in the Tabe 1. S. N o Moa atio of Mo:Fe:A 2O 3 Tabe 1 Diffeent catat concentation Weight of Ammoniu m hexamob date gam A 0.16:1: B 0.32:1: C 0.32:2: D 0.:2: Weig ht of feou upha te gam weigh t of aumi na gam Voum e of metha no (m) 102

2 Intenationa Jouna of Science and Engineeing Appication (IJSEA) Voume 1 Iue 2, 2012, ISSN (onine) CVD poce wa done in an expeimenta et up coniting of a hoizonta eaction funace, Quatz tube, PID contoe, Fow mete, Conto vave, Ga ouce and Themocoupe. The quatz tube wa paced inide the hoizonta eaction funace. A popotiona intega diffeentia (PID) contoe wa povided in the funace to conto the tempeatue, time and heating ate of the eaction. Thee cinde of pue Nitogen (N 2 ), Acetene (C 2 H 2 ) and Agon (A) wee connected to the quatz tube though conto vave and fow mete. The ate of and nitogen enteing the eaction tube wa hown b the fow mete. Conto vave wee ued to conto the fow ate of gae paing though the funace. Rubbe hoe wee ued to connect the cinde with fow mete and vave. Afte nthei, the aw poduct wee teated with a oution of KOH (1M) at 0 o C in ode to emove the aumina uppot and mobdenum. The euting mateia wa wahed evea time with ditied wate and then teated with a oution of HCL (1M) in ode to emove the emaining ion patice. It wa then wahed with ditied wate. Then the patice ize of the powde wa anazed b uing the SEM chaacteization technique. Fom the eut, the patice ize wa found to be ten of nanomete Cacuation of eative pemittivit, dieectic conductivit and dieectic oe Dieectic pectocop wa ued to find the o facto, quait facto and phae ange of the dieectic mateia. Fom thee facto, dieectic contant, dieectic conductivit, dieectic o and heat geneated unde AC fied wee found. Dieectic pectocop [LCR HITESTER ] wa ao known a Eectochemica Impedance Spectocop. The dieectic popetie of a medium wee meaued a a function of fequenc. It wa baed on the inteaction of an extena fied with the eectic dipoe moment of the ampe, often expeed b pemittivit. The et up of dieectic pectocop wa hown in figue 1. Figue 1 Dieectic pectocop [LCR HITESTER ] The ea and imagina pat of eative pemittivit of the ename wa cacuated fom the foowing equation which wee ued to cacuate the dieectic o [5]. Lo facto tan ' (1) Rea pat of eative t* C pemittivit ' = p '' (2) Imagina pat of eative pemittivit '' t R A * p 0 Dieectic conductivit = * () Dieectic oe P = 2 * f * C * V 2 * tan W (5) The heat geneated unde AC fied W ac = E 2 * f * * tan / 1. x W/cm 3 (6) Whee f wa the fequenc in Hz, wa the o ange of the dieectic mateia and E wa the appied eectic fied. C p wa the equivaent paae capacitance [F] R p wa the equivaent paae Reitance [ ] D wa the diipation facto (meaued vaue) t m wa the aveage thickne [m] A wa the guaded eectode uface aea [m 2 ] D wa the guaded eectode diamete[m] ε o wa the pemittivit of fee pace =.5 x [F/m] V wa the appied votage [V] (3) 103

3 Intenationa Jouna of Science and Engineeing Appication (IJSEA) Voume 1 Iue 2, 2012, ISSN (onine) tan wa the dieectic o tangent 3. RESULTS 3.1. SEM anai of Cabon Figue 2 how the SEM anazed image eut. Thee eut how that patice wee in the fom of nano metic ange. The ize of the patice wee in the ange fom 50 to 120 nm ize. 10 khz khz 1 MHz MHz At 50 Hz, the ename ha owe diipation facto. At 5 MHz, the ename ha owe diipation facto. Tabe 3 Quait facto 50 Hz Hz khz khz khz MHz MHz The ename ha highe quait facto at 50 Hz. At 5 MHz, the ename ha highe quait facto. Figue 2 SEM anai of Cabon 3.2. Vaiou dieectic popetie of the ename fo the fequenc ange (50 Hz to 5 MHz) at 90 o C The diffeent dieectic popetie ike diipation facto, quait facto and phae ange wee found with the hep of the Dieectic Spectocop. Dieectic contant, dieectic oe, dieectic conductivit and heat geneated unde AC fied wee anazed fo vaiou fequencie. The o facto and the quait facto wee dependent upon the fequenc. The vaue of vaiou dieectic popetie of the ename fo the fequenc ange (50 Hz to 5 MHz) at 90 o C wee ited in the tabe 2 to. Fequen c Tabe 2 Diipation facto with 1 nanotub e 50 Hz Hz khz Tabe Dieectic contant 50 Hz Hz khz khz khz MHz MHz The vaue of dieectic contant wa high fo the ename at 50 Hz. The owet vaue of dieectic contant wa obeved fo the ename at 5 MHz. 10

4 Intenationa Jouna of Science and Engineeing Appication (IJSEA) Voume 1 Iue 2, 2012, ISSN (onine) Tabe 5 Dieectic oe ( W) 50 Hz Hz khz khz khz MHz MHz The ename ha owet vaue of dieectic oe at 50 Hz. At 5 MHz, the ename ha highe vaue of dieectic oe. Fequen c 50 Hz 100 Hz 1 khz 10 khz 100 khz 1 MHz 5 MHz Tabe 6 Dieectic conductivit (S) with 1 with 3.32 x x x x x 6.52 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Hz Hz khz khz khz MHz MHz Tabe Heat geneated (W/cm 3 ) 50 Hz Hz khz khz khz MHz MHz The ename wa geneating the highet amount of heated at 5 MHz when compaed to othe ampe.. CONCLUSION SEM anai howed that the pepaed patice wee appeaing in the fom of nano metic ize. The vaiou dieectic popetie wee anazed b dieectic pectocop intument at 90 C fo the fequenc ange of 50 5 MHz. Thee eut how that the addition of few weight pecentage of woud impove the dieectic behaviou of the ename. 5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The autho expee hi incee gatitude to the Amight God and ou Lod Jeu Chit, Diviion of High Votage Engineeing, Anna Univeit, Chennai, India and the Depatment of nanotechnoog, Mepco Schenk Engineeing Coege, Sivakai, India fo the ampe pepaation and teting of ampe. 6. REFERENCES Tabe 7 Phae ange 1. Diete Kind and Hemann Kame, High votage inuation technoog Jipeng Cheng, et a, (2006) Cabon nthei and paametic tud uing CaCO 3 nanocta a catat uppot b CVD Mateia Chemit and Phic 95, pp M S Naidu and V Kamaaju, High votage engineeing Soid dieectic ued in pactice pp

5 Intenationa Jouna of Science and Engineeing Appication (IJSEA) Voume 1 Iue 2, 2012, ISSN (onine). Nguen. N. Q, et a, Invetigation on dieectic popetie of enameed wie with nano vanih fo otating machine fed b invete, IEEE Santanu Singha and Jo Thoma, Pemittivit and tan deta chaacteitic of epox nanocompoite in the fequenc ange of 1 MHz 1 GHz, IEEE Edion Sevaaj. D, Pugazhendhi Sugumaan. C and SivaPakah. A, Chaacteization of Eectica and Thema Popetie of Fied with Cabon Nanotube, PEIE 2012, LNEE, pp ,