The FAIR plinac RF Systems
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1 The FAIR plinac RF Systems Libera Workshop Sep Gerald Schreiber
2 Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Department 2 (1) Overview GSI / FAIR (2) FAIR Proton Linear Accelerator "plinac" (3) plinac RF Systems (4) First experience with the Libera LLRF (5) plinac Klystron- and Cavity Test Stand at GSI (6) Conclusion
3 3 Overview GSI / FAIR: Existing GSI Facility GSI - Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung mbh Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility
4 4 Overview GSI / FAIR: GSI - Facts GSI general UNILAC ESR SIS 18 UNILAC a 120 meter long linear accelerator, MeV/u SIS m circumfernence, up to 2 GeV/u ESR accelerated ions, whether stable or radioactive can be stored up to several hours Phelix / Nhelix High energy lasers Foundation 1969 Associates Member Task Staff Capital equipment Scientific Cooperation Federal Republic of Germany (90%), State of Hessen (10%) Helmholtz Association Construction and operation of accelerator facilities and research of heavy accelerated ions in the range from He to U. ~1100 employees, including 600 scientists and engineers Linear accelerator UNILAC Heavy ion synchrotron SIS Experiment storage ring ESR Fragment separator FRS High-energy/high-efficiency laser PHELIX (being constructed) Several large systems of spectrometers and detectors Medical irradiation unit for cancer therapy Users of the GSI facilities are predominantly non-resident scientists, mainly from German Universities (totalling over 1,000 scientists per year). World-wide cooperation with approximately 400 institutes from over 50 countries.
5 5 Overview GSI / FAIR: FAIR Facility for Antiproton- and Ion Research 8th of Nov. 2007: Official Project Start 16 FAIR Partner countries More than 40 countries involved
6 6 Overview GSI / FAIR: FAIR
7 7 Overview GSI / FAIR: FAIR currently planned Libera applications at GSI and FAIR: plinac: SIS18: SIS100: 10 x LLRF xx Pickups(for BPM and TOF) 118 MSa/s "undersampling" 12 BPMs 84 BPMs CR: 18 BPMs HEBT: 40 BPMs......
8 8 plinac: Building Linac on first floor - "Klystron Gallery" on second floor Klystron HV Power Supplies, 1st fl. Klystron Gallery, 2nd fl. 1st floor RF Cavities, 1st fl. 2nd floor
9 Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Department 9 plinac: Overview Re-Buncher Source LEBT RFQ CH-DTL Diagnostic 95 kev 3 MeV insertion 70 MeV ECR proton source & LEBT RFQ Klystron 3 re-bunchers Solid State Amplifiers, 45 kw 6 accelerating cavities 6 Klystrons (2.5 MW) 2 dipoles, 45 quadrupoles, 7 steerers 10 turbo pumps, 34 ion pumps, 9 sector valves 41 beam diagnostic devices 10 RF Systems Beam energy Beam current (op.) Beam current (des.) Beam pulse length Repetition rate RF-frequency Tot. hor emit (norm.) Tot. mom. spread Linac length to SIS18 to Dump 70 MeV 35 ma 70 ma 36 µs 5Hz MHz 2.1 / 4.2 µm ± m
10 10 plinac: Accelerating Cavities 3.0 MeV 70 MeV E Field Rf-coupling of CH-cavities: reduced number of klystrons reduced space requirements avoid rf-power line splitting / high power phase shifters reduce cost for rf-equipment H Field rf-coupling cell 1:2 Model
11 11 plinac RF Systems: RF System Topology
12 plinac RF Systems: PLC and Fast Interlock Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group Measurement + Fast Interlock rack for data acquisition by sample&hold during the RF pulse fast interlock generation by adjustable thresholds output of sampled values for the PLC and analog instruments monitoring of RF signals by oscilloscope and fast sampling cards PLC (SIEMENS S7-400) for visualization of sampled values (power, ps voltages etc.) visualization of slow signals (cooling water flow, temperatures etc.) controlling the power up/down sequence of all components slow interlock handling status reporting to the FAIR central control system 12
13 plinac RF Systems: Requirements for the LLRF MHz Up to 5 Hz, 70 to 200 us RF pulse length (safety margin incl.) Heavy beamload expected, (1.2 -> 2.5 MW) Triggers for external devices (Klystron Power Supplies, Fast Interlock Rack, etc ) Fast interlock inputs (arc detection system, klystron safety, personal safety ) Local operation mode, local GUI for RF experts Accuracy: 0.1% in amplitude and 0.5 in phase (max!) Control system integration, Timing Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group 13
14 plinac RF Systems: LLRF Interfaces Timing Interface GSI and CERN development, deterministic Ethernetbased field bus : White Rabbit CCS FAIR Central Control System Interface: FRONT-END SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE: FESA TimingInterface: Event decoding, Master, RF, Sample, Beam pulse Stepper Motor Driver Communication Cavity Probe, FWD, REFL (V CAV, V FWD,V REFL ) Digital. Ampl./Phase/Reson.Freq. Control RF Ref Fast IL IL-IN IL-OUT RF OUT Monitoring IL State Global RF enable/disable, Slow IL ETH1 FESA: Set Values: Amplitude/Phase ETH2 Global system ON/OFF, RF enable, PAUSE, Status reporting, Commands RF pulse, Sample pulse GSI measurement Rack Fast IL for PS, Vacuum, Arc detect.,... Slow monitoring of sampled values, Visualization, IL monitoring PLC (System power up/down sequence, Monitoring, Slow IL,...) Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group 14
15 15 First experience with Libera LLRF Experimental Setup LLRF Tests at GSI (Linac-HF): Old RF test cavity tuned on MHz (fixed) MHz reference oscillator Libera LLRF controller 100 W power amplifier RF Mixer for beam loading simulation RF Pulse AWG Beam Pulse REF LLRF 100W - Cavity
16 First experience with Libera LLRF: Conditions Laboratory conditions for the first tests with the Libera LLRF: - Rectangular RF pulse (set value), no "preshaping" - Only rough optimization of PI control parameters - Reference oscillator phase noise: < -105dB/Hz (df=20khz) - Beam loading "by mixer" not optimal - no feed-forward implemented yet Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group 16
17 17 First experience with Libera LLRF: Results: cavity analysis Cavity tuned manually ( MHz, Q ~1700) Phase offsets not compensated GUI by Instrumentation Technologies
18 18 First experience with Libera LLRF Beamload 50% ~ 10% Ampl % Phase (RMS!) (smaller ampl.-> ADC range)
19 19 Beamload 100% Ampl. drop:~ 20% Ampl % Phase 0.12
20 plinac RF Test Stand: RF Test Stand Overview Planned RF test bench for the klystrons and the plinac cavities: Klystron already available (Toshiba E3740GSI) Power supplies by Transtechnik (ready March 2012) Low-level-RF ordered (feed forward and feedback): Instrumentation Technologies Circulator, RF load and waveguides from commercial manufacturers Driver amplifier from "RES Ingenium / Italy" (already delivered and tested) Delivery of first CH cavity: Dec RF operation at test stand: June 2012 Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group 20
21 Conclusion The FAIR plinac plannings are in progress, building construction starts in 2012, plinac ready for commissioning: 2017 A dedicated RF test stand is under construction for klystronand cavity tests, first RF tests mid of 2012 plinac LLRF control loops: slovenian inkind contribution first experience with the Libera LLRF test system Even with further optimizations (PI parameters, experimental setup,...) an LLRF feed-forward implementation for the beam loading compensation is recommended! Pulse pre-shaping is needed Linearization of klystron gain (?) Gerald Schreiber, GSI RF Group 21
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