Traditional Haiku. Mrs. Paula McMullen Library Teacher Norwood Public Schools

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1 Traditional Haiku Mrs. Paula McMullen Library Teacher Norwood Public Schools

2 What is Haiku? Type of poetry that originated thousands of years ago in Japan Very short, descriptive, and personal Focuses on an aspect of nature Shares moment of awareness with reader Written in present tense, as if happening now Does not rhyme Does not have a title 2

3 Elements of Haiku Haiku s form the way it is organized is very important (slides 4-6) Captures and presents a single moment in time like a photograph or painting (slides 7-9) Poem s meaning and imagery work together in haiku (slides 10-16) 3

4 Haiku Form Written in 3 lines of 17 syllables. First line has 5 syllables, second line has 7 syllables; third line has 5 syllables: A cautious crow clings to a bare bough, silently watching the sunset. By Basho 4

5 Haiku Form Syllables are individual units of sound in a word. Crow has one syllable; cau-tious has two syllables; si-lent-ly has three syllables: A cau-tious crow clings to a bare bough, si-lent-ly Watch-ing the sun-set. By Basho 5

6 Haiku Form Haiku translated from Japanese to English often do not follow the syllables per line pattern because of differences in the two languages. Green frog, Is your body also freshly painted? By Akutagawa 6

7 Haiku and Nature A traditional haiku describes a single image that makes us think about nature: Over the flowing water chasing its shadow - the dragonfly By Chiyo-ni 7

8 Haiku and Nature Often refers to a season: spring, summer, fall, winter: Spring is almost gone, so now this silly old tree decides to bloom! By Buson 8

9 Haiku and Nature Other traditional topics include: weather, animals, insects, trees, flowers, mountains, rivers, ocean, sun, moon, stars, ponds, etc. The red sun sinks low beyond a dead tree clutching an old eagle s nest. By Boncho 9

10 Haiku and Imagery Haiku is filled with imagery, which creates the picture you get in your head as you read a poem: Suddenly it pours Shivering little monkey Needs a grass raincoat By Basho 10

11 Haiku - Senses Details from the senses sound, smell, appearance, taste, and touch help create picture: Lilies blooming thick and fast, a skylark s lonesome cry By Issa 11

12 Figurative Language Similes, metaphors, and personification are poetic elements (figurative language) that help create striking and unique images. The following three slides show examples of each. 12

13 Figurative Language - Simile This haiku uses a simile: comparing lightning to a bright vision. Similes use the word like or as to compare things. Beyond the dark trees lightning flashes on water, bright like a vision. By Shiki 13

14 Figurative Language - Metaphor This haiku uses a metaphor: leaves are an ocean tide. Above tides of leaves that drown the earth, a mountain stands aloft, alone. By Buson 14

15 Figurative Language - Personification This haiku uses personification: the poet is giving the housefly human qualities. Please don t swat! The housefly begs, rubbing its hands and feet By Issa 15

16 Haiku Writing Tips To write memorable haiku, one must read, experience nature, think about those experiences and express them in new ways. 16

17 Read! Before writing, read and reread a large selection of haiku by different poets. Think carefully about each haiku you read. Determine what makes each haiku special and unique. After you read a haiku, ask yourself the questions on slides

18 Reading for Meaning (1) Ask yourself these questions after you have read a haiku: What is the subject of the haiku? If the haiku is about a season, what words tell you which season it is? How does the poet use his senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste) to create imagery (a picture in your head) in the haiku? 18

19 Reading for Meaning (2) Ask yourself these questions after you have read a haiku (Cont.) What kinds of nouns (things) and adjectives (describing words) does the poet use? What strong verbs (action words) and adverbs (describing words) does the poet use? How did the choice of words create pictures in your head? 19

20 Reading for Meaning (3) Ask yourself these questions after you read a haiku (Cont.) Does the poet use a metaphor, simile or personification to create a fresh way of looking at his subject? How? Does the poet use onomatopoeia, alliteration or repetition to create a memorable haiku? How? 20

21 Write! Go outside and experience nature; look around carefully. Write in your journal any interesting words, phrases, ideas, or topics that occur to you. Remember, haiku are written about common, ordinary experiences. Think about experiences that happened to you in the past. Write about one as if it is happening now still fresh in your mind. Play with words until you find a new, unusual way of saying something about your topic. Think of writing a haiku as putting together a puzzle, and choose words carefully that best fit the picture you are creating. 21

22 Revise! Look at your haiku a day or so after you have written it, and see if you can improve your poem. Use a thesaurus or dictionary to find better, more interesting words to express what you want to say in your haiku. All good writers revise. Polish the words of your haiku until each one shines. Share your haiku with others. 22

23 Haiku Selection The following slides present examples of traditional haiku, written years ago, by Japanese poets. When possible, an image of the poet accompanies his haiku. 23

24 Basho High on a mountain we hear a skylark singing faintly, far below. 24

25 Basho Lightning flickering without sound how far away the night-heron cries! 25

26 Basho One dream all heroes find to be true cool green grass on forgotten tombs. 26

27 Basho Alone in my house only the morning glories straggle to my door. 27

28 Basho An old pond! A frog jumps inthe sound of water. 28

29 Basho No one travels along this way but I, this autumn evening. 29

30 Basho Harvest moon: around the pond I wander and the night is gone. 30

31 Basho A tiny pink crab tickling me climbs up my leg from glistening sea. 31

32 Basho One morning at dawn I wade in the wide river pants wet to my knees. 32

33 Buson Of what use are twigs but to sweep up a litter of fallen petals? 33

34 Buson Sun low in the west moon floating up in the east flowers in shadow 34

35 Buson Whose scarf could this be but the wind s, thin on the screen of leaf-gold autumn. 35

36 Chiyo-ni Moonlit night--- out on the stone a cricket singing. 36

37 Chiyo-ni On the ebb tide beach everything we pick up is alive. 37

38 Chiyo-ni Cool clear water and fireflies that vanish that is all there is... 38

39 Chora Hop out of my way, Mr. Toad, and allow me please to plant bamboo! 39

40 Chosu Broken and broken again in the sea, the moon so easily mends. 40

41 Gyodai Leaf falling on leaf, on mounds of leaves, rain splashing in pools of rain 41

42 Issa A distant mountain shimmers in the dragonfly s eye. 42

43 Issa A giant firefly: that way, this way, that way, this - and it passes by. 43

44 Issa A lovely thing to see: through the paper window's hole, the Galaxy. 44

45 Issa Lilies blooming thick and fast, a skylark s lonesome cry. 45

46 Issa A withered tree blooms once again butterflies holding fast. 46

47 Issa Baby firefly Do my hand s wrinkles make it hard to walk? 47

48 Issa In this world even among insects, some sing well, some don t. 48

49 Issa A dewdrop world, so fresh, so precious, like morning dew slips away. 49

50 Issa Winking in the night through holes in my paper wall moon and Milky Way. 50

51 Issa A child intent on plucking jewels of dew in the morning grass. 51

52 Issa A motionless horse, at peace in the field, in the quietly falling snow. 52

53 Kikaku Behind me the moon brushes a shadow of pines lightly on the floor. 53

54 Kikaku This wooden gate shuts me out for the night winter moon. 54

55 Kyorai Puffed by a wind, sails glint on the sea in a quick bright winter shower. 55

56 Kyoshi Lightly a new moon brushes a silver haiku on the tips of waves. 56

57 Kyoshi The winds that blow - ask them, which leaf on the tree will be next to go. 57

58 Meisetsu A river leaping, tumbling over rocks roars on as the mountain smiles. 58

59 Onitsura At last the sparrows are fluffing their new feathers in the sunny dust. 59

60 Ontei Briefly the sun shines brightly between cloud and sea, fading as rain falls. 60

61 Ransetsu Out of one wintry twig, one blossom s worth at last of summer! 61

62 Rogetsu A tree frog trilling softly, the first drop of rain slips down the new leaves. 62

63 Ryusui In all this cool is the moon also sleeping? There, in the pool? 63

64 Sanpu Ho, for the May rains when frogs swim in my open door for a visit! 64

65 Shiki A mountain village deep in snow under the drifts a sound of water. 65

66 Shiki An unseen skylark singing above the mountain in a mist of sun 66

67 Shiki We row into fog and out through fog Oh how blue, how bright the wide sea! 67

68 Shiki Frog-school competing with lark-school at dusk softly in the art of song 68

69 Soin Out of the sky, geese come honking in the spring s cold early-morning light. 69

70 Shiyo Streams of fireflies flow slowly over the deepest, darkest of rivers. 70

71 Shusen Swift cloud shadows now darken the maples clinging by a waterfall. 71

72 Soseki Over the wintry forest, winds howl in a rage, with no leaves to blow. 72

73 Soseki The crow has flown away: swaying in the evening sun, a leafless tree. 73

74 Soseki A red sun Falls into the sea What summer heat! 74

75 Resources Behn, Harry, translator. Cricket Songs. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc Gollubb, Matthew. Cool Melons Turn to Frogs: The Life and Poems of Issa. New York: Lee & Low Books, Inc Spivak, Dawnine. Grass Sandals: The Travels of Basho. New York:Atheneum Booksfor Young Readers Haiku for People Accessed July 10, Word Dance Accessed July 10,

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