Pattern 1a. S V; however, S V. Examples:

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1 Pattern 1~ Compound sentence: semicolon, no conjunction (two short, related sentences now joined) S V; S V Linda, try on these jeans; they seem to be your size. Reading is the easy part; remembering takes more effort. Pattern 1a S V; however, S V. She exercised every day and cut back on her food; however she didn t lose any weight. This car looks as if it has been wrecked; therefore it s not a good buy 1

2 Pattern 1B For the second variation use one of the coordinating conjunctions (also connectors): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so. S V; S V, and S V. S V, but S V; S V. Our cat loves to play with the ball; I love to watch her, but sometimes I m not in the mood to play. I didn t do it; John said he didn t do it, but the vase was certainly broken. Pattern 3 P This pattern is exactly like pattern 1, except pattern 3 calls for a colon. The colon performs a special function: It signals the reader that something important or explanatory will follow. In this particular pattern, the colon signals that the second clause will specifically explain or expand some idea expressed only vaguely in the first clause. Darwin s The Origin of Species forcibly states a harsh truth: Only the fittest survive. The empty coffin in the center of the crypt had a single horrifying meaning: Dracula had left his tomb to stalk the village streets in search of fresh blood. 2

3 Paern 4: A series without a conjuncon (a series in any place in the sentence) The United States has a government of the people, by the people, for the people. The teacher handled the situaon with great paence, wisdom, humor. Paern 4A: A series with a variaon A or B or C. (in any place in the sentence) A and B and C. (in any place in the sentence) Even though he is smart, I have never seen Keith arrogant or annoyed or impaent. Many ice hockey games lead to broken ribs or sprained knees or dislocated shoulders or even worse 3

4 Paern 5 A series of balanced pairs A and B, C and D, E and F. The textbook clearly showed the disncons between prose and poetry, denotaon and connotaon, deducon and inducon. Great arsts oen seem to occur in pairs: Michelangelo and da Vinci, Gaugin and Van Gogh, Monet and Cezanne. Paern 6~An introductory series of apposives (with a dash and a summarizing subject) Apposive, apposive, apposive summary word SV. (Summary words: such, all, those, this, many, each, which, what, these, something, someone) The depressed, the stressed, the lonely, the fearful all have trouble coping with problems. Gluony, lust, envy which is the worst sin? 4

5 Paern 7: An internal series of apposives or modifiers (enclosed by a pair of dashes or parentheses) S apposive, apposive, apposive V. Or S (modifier, modifier, modifier) V. He learned the necessary qualies for polical life guile, ruthlessness, and garrulity by carefully studying his father s life. The basic wring skills (good vocabulary, knowledge of grammar, sense of style) can be learned by almost everyone. Formulas: If..., if..., if..., then S V. When..., when..., when..., S V. S V that..., that..., that... PATTERN 8: DEPENDENT CLAUSES IN A PAIR OR IN A SERIES (at the beginning or end of the sentence) If he had the money, if he had the time, if he had a companion, he would take that trip around the world. Whether you use a Mac or whether you use a PC, you can play great games on a computer. 5

6 Paern 9: Repeon of a key term S V key term or, repeated key term. We live in an uncertain world the inner world, the world of the mind. We all have problems but we can find a soluon, a soluon that works, a soluon that is equitable. Paern 10: Emphac apposive at end, aer colon. S V word: the apposives (the second naming). Her room contained a collecon of trash: old clothes, soda cans, McDonald s wrappers. When I go to the movies I need two things to really enjoy it: popcorn and a soda. 6

7 Paern 10a: A variaon: Apposive aer a dash Many tradional philosophies echo the ideas of one man Plato. Pandas eat only one food bamboo shoots. Pattern 11: Interrupting Modifier between the subject and verb Typewriters, once common in schools and offices, are rarely seen or used now. Wolves once feared and killed are being reintroduced into the environment. 7

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