and before but for unless when while ~Introduction~

Transcription

1 ~Introduction~ In this module the students will learn how to identify use conjunctions in a sentence, when to use a certain conjunction. They will also learn the three kinds of conjunctions, which are: Coordinating Conjunctions, Subordinating Conjunctions, finally, the Correlative Conjunction when to use them. Conjunction (grammar): In grammar, a conjunction (abbreviated CONJ or CNJ) is a part of speech that connects words, sentences, phrases or clauses. A discourse connective is a conjunction joining sentences. This definition may overlap with that of other parts of speech, so what constitutes a "conjunction" must be defined for each language. In general, a conjunction is an invariable grammatical particle, it may or may not st between the items it conjoins. Pre-Test Activity 1: Make an illustration of your interpretation/understing of Conjunction. Use any object that signifies Conjunctions for your drawing. Put it in a short, white coupon bond paper. Pre-Activities Activity 2: Underline the conjunctions used in the paragraph. LOST THINGS They are lost, but also not lost but somewhere in the world. Most of them are small, though two are larger, one a coat one a dog. Of the small things, one is a certain ring, one a certain button. They are lost from me where I am, but they are also not gone. They are somewhere else, they are there to someone else, it may be. But if not there to someone else, the ring is, still, not lost to itself, but there, only not where I am, the button, too, there, still, only not where I am. Activity 3: Use the following conjunctions in the box to create your own sentences. Write your answer on a one whole paper. before since because but or unless for while when 1

2 CONJUNCTIONS Conjunctions are words used as joiners. Different kinds of conjunctions join different kinds of grammatical structures: you can use Conjunction to link words, phrases clauses. Examples: 1. Sunshine ate the cake ice cream Conjunction 2. Call the doctor when you are ready. Conjunction The Three Kinds of Conjunctions: A. Coordinating Conjunctions You use a coordinating conjunction to join individual words, phrases, independent clauses, like: for,, nor, but, or, yet, so, that is also known as the F.A.N.B.O.Y.S. Examples: The following examples of common Coordinating Conjunctions according to their use: a. indicates an addition. Lilacs violets are usually purple. b. but & yet indicates/show contrast Rocky, my orange tomcat loves having his head scratched but hates getting his claws trimmed. 2

3 c. or nor indicates contrast or alternative Fred wants spaghetti or pizza for dinner. d. for so indicates reason The rebel surrendered for he wanted peace of mind. B. Subordinating Conjunctions Are used to combine two short sentences or clauses of unequal importance. It introduces a dependent clause indicates the nature of the relationship among the independent clause(s) the dependent clause(s). Subordinating Conjunctions may be used to express: a. Time after, as, before, since, until, when, whenever, while Example: After she had learned to drive, Alice felt more independent. b. Cause Effect in as much as, because, since, where as Example: Jesa went to the dentist because her tooth hurts. c. Purpose or Result that, so that, in order that, for Example: Alec cleans their house so that he can play outside. d. Condition although, unless, while, if, even though, provide that Example: If the paperwork arrives on time, your check will be mailed on Tuesday. C. Correlative Conjunction Always appear in pairs, they are used to link equivalent sentence elements. The most common correlative conjunctions are: a. both b. either or c. neither nor d. not only but (also) e. (just)so as f. whether or Examples a. Both Sarah Nicole love Korean novellas. b. Either you bring fruitcake or fruit salad for the Christmas Party. c. Neither Connie nor Shemy got the role of the lead actress. d. The dog not only breaks the vase but also pee in the carpet. e. Whether Kat like it or not she will still marry Dan. 3

4 Drill Activity 4: Identify whether the underlined conjunctions are Coordinating Conjunction, Subordinating Conjunction or Correlative Conjunction. Write COC if it is Coordinating Conjunction, SC if it s Subordinating Conjunction, CC if it s Correlative Conjunction. Write your answer on the space provided. 1. All states agreed not to use nuclear weapons, yet only China has made an unconditional pledge. 2. Rachelle finished her homework quickly so that she can rest early. 3. Not only Miley is smart but also good at singing. 4. Since health is wealth, we must take care of our body. 5. Jose doesn t like neither plum nor grapes. 6. John works as a teacher Beth works as a nurse. 7. Peace is elusive, but with God, we can achieve it. 8. Both the third year fourth year students are throwing a party for Teacher s Day. 9. After watching the movie, they went to McDonalds. 10. She was late to work, so her boss made her stay after five. Activity 5: Match Column A with Column B. Be guided by the given conjunctions. Write your answer on the space provided. Column A 1. Talking to one another results in 2. Peace is divine 3. Peace is the daily effort of a person to appreciate other people. 4. They see the world in different ways because 5. He is an unhappy man 6. They can t underst each other s language, as a result 7. Man seeks peace 8. The United Nations was formed in order to 9. Many nations have economic difficulties because 10. He lacks material possessions in life 4 Column B a. to live with others rationally. b. difference in culture. c. promote goodwill. d. yet he whispers I have never been peaceful. e. but he is a happy man. f. they are not prepared for self-government. g. so it cannot be attained without divine inspiration. h. for peace does not reign in his heart. i. they often disagree. j. knowing understing one another.

5 Enhancement Activity 6: Underline the appropriate conjunction for each sentence. Good Luck! 1. Jessa wants to go to the party (because, but) her mother forbid her. 2. Shemary is studying hard (for, nor) the final exam. 3. Human effort is fruitless (although, if) it is not directed controlled by an energetic will. 4. Many people are working hard nowadays (unless, so that) they can earn money for their children s future. 5. Manolo was late for his first class (because, unless) he woke up late. 6. He has everything money could buy (nor, yet) he is an unhappy man. 7. Many people loved Sam (before, for) she touched their lives. 8. (Since, Because) she was just a kid, she was really a cheerful person. 9. (Whereas, Unless) Mona finish her dinner, she can t watch television. 10. Rudy will arrive at 7:00 (as, or) 8:00 in the morning. Activity 7: Identify the correct correlative conjunction for each sentence. Write your answer on the space provided. 1. (Whether, When) she goes to my wedding (or, nor) not, she will still be my maid of honor. 2. (Not only, Because) Meghan is my closest friend, (but also, nor) my sister in crime. 3. Every single evening (not only, either) the squabbling cats (or, nor) the horned owl wakes Samantha with its racket. 4. I didn t know (that, whether) you d want the cheesecake (or, ) the frozen hot chocolate, so I got you both. 5. (While, Just as) many girls love Barbie dolls, (so, nor) many boys love toy cars. 5

6 Reinforcement Activity 8: Choose from the smiley the appropriate conjunction for each sentence. Write your answer on the space provided. not only but also yet before for nor either or since even though whether or 1. Every time Mary Ann goes on a trip, they ll never forget to bring souvenirs. 2. Kristine goes to school, she makes sure that she organizes her things in her bag. 3. Our church helps poor people, saves people from their sins. 4. her answer is a yes a no, I will still propose to her tonight. 5. Jerry buys a blue a red car, her wife will still get angry at him for being a spender. 6. Jessica is allergic to peanut to shrimp. 7. Ever she got popular, she became very stubborn arrogant to her friends. 8. Celine wants to be a famous singer in Broadway she has no talent in singing or acting. 9. Nicole tooth hurts badly she ate too much chocolate last night forgot to brush her teeth. 10. Aya studied hard last night, she will still flunk on her exam for she didn t underst what she reviewed. Activity 9: Underline the conjunctions used in the paragraph, then organize it in the box below whether it is a Coordinating Conjunction, Subordinating Conjunction or a Correlative Conjunction. Peace of the Spirit There is no doubt that we all want to be happy. We seek money position because we think that both of these things will bring us happiness power. But does wealth or power really bring true happiness? Or is contentment a result of inner peace? Take a person who tries to make more more money yet unhappy or another person who seeks not only more more power but also wealth yet miserable. Will these people really be happy? It is probably a truism 6

7 that the more we try to find happiness in material things try to get things from other people, the more happiness eludes us since happiness is a state of the mind. It is peace of the spirit, a deep contentment arising from the conviction that what we have is sufficient for our needs, that we envy no one, so that we do not seriously exchange places with anyone. Either it is a feeling of appreciation, or value for our separate individual blessings. We draw it from ourselves for we do not get it from others. Coordinating Conjunction Subordinating Conjunction Correlative Conjunction Meaningful Activity Activity 10: Form yourselves into a group that consists of 5 members. Select interview a group of persons outside of your class. Write you interview script in a one whole paper. Your Task: Ask the opinion of these individuals on the following issue: 1. Anti-Bullying Law 3. Juvenile Delinquency 2. The death penalty 4. Anti-Selfie Bill Consider the following guide in conducting an interview: 1. Schedule the interview based on the availability of the interviewee. 2. Set the location of the interview according to the comfort of the interviewee. 3. Inform the interviewee of the kind of information you will need. 4. Make time limits topics clear. 5. Plan your questions carefully, keeping your reader s interest in mind. 6. Encourage open-ended questions. 7. Begin the interview by discussing briefly the topics you plan to cover. 8. Let the subject do most of the talking. 9. Remember to thank the interviewee. 7

8 Post Test Activity 11: Choose the correct answer for each sentence. Write your answer on the space before each number. 1. I like eating chicken hamburger in Jollibee. a. b. since c. but d. for 2. it rains on Sunday, I will not be able to drive on my way to the airport. a. b. where c. either d. if 3. John is very tall he doesn t know how to play basketball. a. also b. c. yet d. if 4. My mother will bring pack lunch will just buy in the canteen. a. not only but b. either or c. whether or d. but 5. my mother my father will be able to attend the party on Sunday. a. either nor b. but also c. whether or d. neither nor 6. Carrie didn t know her bike would be fixed if she would have to walk. a. when but b. whether or c. neither nor d. both 7. The ice cream melted there was a power interuption in our barangay. a. because b. yet c. while d. unless 8. Shiela went to the library yesterday she can study for the upcoming examination. a. so that b. while c. until d. unless 9. Our church isn t in favor of divorce in same sex marriage. a. but b. so c. yet d. nor 10. Sam Daniel loves to watch Romance Drama movies. a. either nor b. both or c. both d. not only 8

9 Answer Key Activity 1: (Answer may vary) Activity 2: LOST THINGS They are lost, but also not lost but somewhere in the world. Most of them are small, though two are larger, one a coat one a dog. Of the small things, one is a certain ring, one a certain button. They are lost from me where I am, but they are also not gone. They are somewhere else, they are there to someone else, it may be. But if not there to someone else, the ring is, still, not lost to itself, but there, only not where I am, the button, too, there, still, only not where I am. Activity 3: (Answers may vary) Activity 4: COC 1. SC 2. CC 3. SC 4. CC 5. COC 6. COC 7. CC 8. SC 9. COC 10. Activity 5: J 1. G 2. A 3. B 4. H 5. I 6. D_7. C 8. F 9. E 10. Activity 6: 1. Jessa wants to go to the party (because, but) her mother forbid her. 2. Shemary is studying hard (for, nor) the final exam. 3. Human effort is fruitless (although, if) it is not directed controlled by an energetic will. 4. Many people are working hard nowadays (unless, so that) they can earn money for their children s future. 5. Manolo was late for his first class (because, unless) he woke up late. 6. He has everything money could buy (nor, yet) he is an unhappy man. 7. Many people loved Sam (before, for) she touched their lives. 8. (Since, Because) she was just a kid, she was really a cheerful person. 9. (Whereas, Unless) Mona finish her dinner, she can t watch television. 10. Rudy will arrive at 7:00 (as, or) 8:00 in the morning. Activity 7: 1. (Whether, When) Whether she goes to my wedding (or, nor) or not, she will still be my maid of honor. 2. (Not only, Because) Not only Meghan is my closest friend, (but also, nor) _but also_ my sister in crime. 3. Every single evening (not only, either) either the squabbling cats (or, nor) or the horned owl wakes Samantha with its racket. 4. I didn t know (that, whether) whether you d want the cheesecake (or, ) or the frozen hot chocolate, so I got you both. 5. (While, Just as) Just as many girls love Barbie dolls, (so, nor) so many boys love toy cars. 9

10 Activity 8: 1. Every time Mary Ann goes on a trip, they ll never forget to bring souvenirs. 2. Before Kristine goes to school, she makes sure that she organizes her things in her bag. 3. Our church not only helps poor people, but also saves people from their sins. 4. Whether her answer is a yes or a no, I will still propose to her tonight. 5. Either Jerry buys a blue or a red car, her wife will still get angry at him for being a spender. 6. Jessica isn t allergic to peanut nor to shrimp. 7. Ever since she got popular, she became very stubborn arrogant to her friends. 8. Celine wants to be a famous singer in Broadway yet she has no talent in singing or acting. 9. Nicole tooth hurts badly for she ate too much chocolate last night forgot to brush her teeth. 10. _Even though_ Aya studied hard last night, she will still flunk on her exam for she didn t underst what she reviewed. Activity 9: Peace of the Spirit There is no doubt that we all want to be happy. We seek money position because we think that both of these things will bring us happiness power. But does wealth or power really bring true happiness? Or is contentment a result of inner peace? Take a person who tries to make more more money yet unhappy or another person who seeks not only more more power but also wealth yet miserable. Will these people really be happy? It is probably a truism that the more we try to find happiness in material things try to get things from other people, the more happiness eludes us since happiness is a state of the mind. It is peace of the spirit, a deep contentment arising from the conviction that what we have is sufficient for our needs, that we envy no one, so that we do not seriously exchange places with anyone. Either it is a feeling of appreciation, or value for our separate individual blessings. We draw it from ourselves for we do not get it from others. Coordinating Subordinating Correlative Conjunction or or yet for yet Conjunction that because that that since that that so that Activity 10: (Answers may vary) Activity 11: a 1. d 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. b 6. a 7. a 8. d 9. c 10. ~REFERENCES~ Conjunction both not only but also either or Gordon etl. English Expressways: Textbook for Third Year (Pages 307, 330) Retrive from: October 6, 2014 Retrive from: ld.htm, October 6, 2014 Retrive from: rammar), October 6,