What language looks like

Transcription

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2 What language looks like References and reading examples - Model business letters, s and other business documents, Shirley Taylor 2

3 What language looks like References and reading examples - President Barack Obama's inaugural address, Jan. 20,

4 What language looks like References and reading examples - Full text of President Tsai 's inaugural address, May 20,

5 What language looks like References and reading examples - Full text of President Ma's inaugural address, May 20,

6 What language looks like References and reading examples - Literatures of vice president for international affairs, National Taiwan University, Luisa Chang Harvard-Yenching Library, Harvard University 6

7 Study of Advanced Color & Gender Changing My company is prepared for the transient-advantage economy. My company is prepared for the transient-advantage economy. Chameleons can rapidly change color by adjusting a layer of special cells nestled within their skin. A layer of special cells nestled within their skin. A layer of special cells which is nestled within their skin. A layer of special cells is nestled within their skin. A layer of special cells is nestled within their skin. 7

8 Study of Advanced Color & Gender Changing My company prepares for the transient-advantage economy. My company prepared for the transient-advantage economy. My company will prepare for the transient-advantage economy. prepare(s) 為動詞, 變為過去分詞 prepared ( 現在分詞 V+ing, 不定詞 to + V) Prepare 由動詞變性為形容詞 prepared (preparing, to prepare) 當主詞 my company 的主詞補語 而不是被動語態 be + pp My company is prepared for the transient-advantage economy. My company is preparing for the transient-advantage economy. My company is to prepare for the transient-advantage economy. 8

9 Study of Advanced Color & Gender Changing One of the major shortcomings in legacy USAF airframe and engine development programs has been inadequate definition of the operational usage parameters critical to the durability of engine components....the operational usage parameters which is critical to the durability of engine components. 9

10 Study of Advanced Color & Gender Changing legacy: 1. adj. a legacy system, piece of software etc is one that people continue to use, although more modern ones are available 以前的, 舊有的 2. n. something that happens or exists as a result of things that happened at an earlier time 後遺症 In a de qua te: adj. not good enough, big enough, skilled enough etc for a particular purpose 不適當的 10

11 Indefinite & Gerund What s the difference between to see is to believe and seeing is believing? Mathew: Have you ever been to the Grand Canyon? Jenniffer: No, I haven t been there yet. Mathew: The Grand Canyon is breathtaking beyond belief. You have to go there once in your life. To see is to believe. 11

12 Indefinite & Gerund What s the difference between to see is to believe and seeing is believing? Mathew: How was your trip to the Grand Canyon? Jenniffer: The Grand Canyon is breathtaking beyond belief. Seeing is believing. You have to go there once in your life. 12

13 Indefinite & Gerund She loves to eat. She likes to eat. She hates hiking. 13

14 Indefinite & Gerund She loves to eat. She hates hiking. Everyone loves hike days. On hike days, the kids spend the whole morning in the woods. She LOVES going on hikes and will happily spend an hour in a forest drawing happy little trees in her nature journal. She hates the hikes. 14

15 Noun forms of the verb: Gerund and Infinitive Gender change Verb record (1) Noun record (2) (3) Noun Adjective recording (1) recording (1) to record (1) to record (1) recorded (1) 15

16 Noun forms of the verb: Gerund and Infinitive Gender change Verb manufacture (1) Noun manufacture (1) Noun Adjective manufacturing (2) manufacturing (1) to manufacture (1) to manufacture (1) manufactured (1) 16

17 Indefinite & Gerund Language difference Recording and playback functions Record and playback functions. (not correct) 100 Meters, 100 Years Old: Ida Keeling Breaks Racing Record. 17

18 Indefinite & Gerund Language difference Application of thrust vectoring technology can significantly enhance the maneuvering performance of fighters. By incorporating vectored thrust engines, the S-27, S-37, and Mig 1.44 were thoroughly performance-enhanced. Verb vector (1) un vectoring (1) Adjective to vector Noun vector (2) to vector (1) to vector (1) vectored(1) 18

19 Indefinite & Gerund Language difference By incorporating vectored thrust engines, the S-27, S-37, and MigBy 1.44 were thoroughly performance-enhanced. Thrust vectoring nozzles have been the standard equipment for next generation fighters 19

20 What expression is Language difference - By incorporating vectored thrust engines, the S-27, S-37, and Mig 1.44 were thoroughly performance-enhanced. 脫胎換骨 Accurate interpretation - UAV can Replace manned fighters to significantly reduce risks to human pilots for conducting specific missions. UAV can significantly protect the safety of fighter pilots. (not correct) 20

21 What expression is Sentence structure Apposition 同位語 This article presents an approach to developing the indigenous high thrust engine, TFE1088, based on the design of TFE1042 turbofan engine which powers IDF. 21

22 What expression is Sentence structure Inverted sentence We can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. - Obama, 2009 Not everybody is in a situation where the opportunity to teach opens up, nor is everyone good at teaching or enjoying it. - Peter F. Drucker 2005, in Managing the nonprofit organization 22

23 What expression is Sentence structure Inverted sentence We can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. Those suffer. (matter, benefit ) Those suffer outside our borders. (outside 介系詞 + 受詞 as 副詞片詞 ) suffering outside our borders Maintenance training doesn t cost. It pays. Punctuation matters. 23

24 What expression is Sentence structure Inverted sentence We can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. We also cannot consume resources without regard to effect. (without 介系詞 ) regard: 注意, 考慮 >> nor can we.. 24

25 What expression is Sentence structure Participial construction Equipped with the anti-ship missile seeker, developed by NCSIST, the supersonic anti-ship missile shows the excellent performance. Having streamlined bodies, flying fish swim swiftly and freely in the water, in the air. 25

26 What expression is Sentence structure Participial construction Having experienced real hardship, the company is flying up to the clouds, comparing with the glory of the sun, and is on the way of no return. Being a fine day, we went picnicking. (correct or not) 26

27 What expression is Sentence structure Participial construction Having experienced real hardship, the company is flying up to the clouds, comparing with the glory of the sun, and is on the way of no return. It being a fine day, we went picnicking. 27

28 What expression is Sentence structure Another gender change A nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. In prison, the weak are meat and the strong do eat. Have you used any old-fashioned language or jargon that should be updated? 28

29 What expression is Sentence structure - The determination of independent development of aircraft engines lasts. - If you want something done well, do it yourself. - When it comes to making a thing by myself, I m all thumbs. - However humble it may be, there is no place like home. 29

30 What expression is Syntax and Diction style, taste, genre a nagging fear that America s decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sight. - Obama, 2009 We absolutely cannot leave the hot potato issues and heavy burdens to the next generation - Ma, 2012 Achieve generational justice, and deliver to the next generation a better country. - Tsai, 2016 nag: vt,i 一直令人擔心, 不安 decline: n. 品質或數量的減少, 衰退 i ne vi table: adj. ( 一定會發生 ) 無法避免的 30

31 Expression and Style In detail, there are consist of couple of simulation military exercise units. We absolutely cannot leave the hot potato issues and heavy burdens to the next generation. However impressive the achievements were, they had been silently performing duties rarely told. Passion doesn t make things easier, but it sure makes them a lot more fun. 31

32 Expression and Style It is not unusual that To provide effective and innovative solutions for the industry As a pioneer dedicating to the Create a new era of With the increasingly prosperous technology, 32

33 Expression and Style It is trending that Despite of these, Consequently, NCSIST has entered the supply chain of Under the government policy on 33

34 Expression and Style By collaborating with It is expected that Being capable of suppressing the enemy radar systems The glow of dawn lights the morning sky, and a day begins. Whether in terms of range, agility, and size, it is a superior 34

35 Expression and Style It s getting harder to acquire advanced weapons from abroad. Coordinating with system engineering, projects go a lot more smoothly. Whenever an idea came to mind at midnight, we would get out of bed and rush to the lab. We were subject to severe aerodynamics given, the structure then had to bear the load. 35

36 Expression and Style The propulsion system was the most critical part of weapon systems and must be developed first. After a missile is launched, the guidance and control system guides the missile flight path to hit targets. It being at the front end of the missile, materials need to be designed to bear high load and high temperature. 36

37 Expression and Style Failure breeds success. If you never fail, you only control the knowledge already known. However impressive the achievements were, they had been silently performing duties rarely told. 37

38 Expression and Style Make yourself at home Help yourself to some fruit Mind your own business Talk nonsense 38

39 Expression and Style A friend in need is a friend indeed. Where there is a will, there is a way. Make hay while the sun shines. There is no use crying over the spilt milk. Spare the rod, spoil the child. You can t be too careful. 39

40 Expression and Style However humble it may be, there is no place like home. When it comes to making a thing by myself, I am all thumbs. If you want something done well, do it yourself. All that glitters is not gold. I am the last man that betrays you. 40

41 What writing style is If your uniform isn t dirty, you haven t been in the game. Chasing the same dream, engineers start a great day at the moment the sun is over the horizon. With the ever-increasing speed of technological change, we all need to stay up-to-date with new equipment. Having streamlined bodies, flying fish swim swiftly and freely in the water, in the air. 41

42 What writing style is They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America they will be met. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Having experienced real hardship, the company is flying up to the clouds, comparing with the glory of the sun, and is on the way of no return. - Do your best and leave others judgments as background music. - Is a promotion worth hiding who you are? 42

43 Figure Out a Way to Have Courage 43

44 Genre and Style Create an Established and Elegant Writing Style Eleg 44