4-1. Gerunds and Infinitives

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1 4-1. Gerunds and Infinitives 1. Which of these is a gerund? to play playing 2. Which of these is an infinitive? to play playing 3. How do you make a gerund? 4. How do you make an infinitive? a. Sports are a lot of fun. b. Playing sports are a lot of fun. c. Playing sports is a lot of fun. 5. What is the subject of sentence a? 6. What is the subject of sentences b and c? 7. What kind of word is playing? 8. Are all of these sentences grammatically correct? yes no 9. Which sentence(s) is/are wrong? a b c 10. If the subject is a gerund, is it singular or plural? 11. If the subject is a gerund, which form of the verb is correct? was were 12. If the subject is a gerund, which form of the verb is correct? have has 13. In sentence c, how is sports connected to the sentence? 14. What subject pronoun could you change playing sports to? 15. Does the object of a gerund change the form of the verb? yes no a. Living in Hawaii has many advantages. b. To live in Hawaii has many advantages. 16. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 17. Which sentence is correct? a b 18. Can you use an infinitive as the subject of a sentence? yes no 19. Which is better as the subject of a sentence as a general rule? gerund infinitive a. People celebrate Christmas by exchange gifts. b. People celebrate Christmas by exchanging gifts. c. People celebrate Christmas by to exchange gifts. 20. Are all of these sentences correct? yes no 21. Which one(s) is/are correct? a b c 22. What kind of word is by? 23. What kind of word is exchange? 24. After a preposition, what form of the verb should you use? -125-

2 a. In the U.S., it is traditional to eat hot dogs during watching a baseball game. b. In the U.S., it is traditional to eat hot dogs while you watch a baseball game. 25. Are both of these sentence correct? yes no 26. Which one is correct? a b 27. What kind of word is during? 28. What kind of word is while? 29. Do they have the same meaning? yes no 30. Can you use a gerund with any preposition? yes no 31. If you have a choice, should you use a gerund with prepositions? yes no a. I need to go to the store. b. I need you to go to the store. 32. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 33. Do they have the same meaning? yes no 34. What kind of clause is sentence a? 35. What kind of clause is sentence b? a. Getting a driver s license in the U.S. is relatively easy. b. It is relatively easy to get a driver s license in the U.S. 36. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 37. Do they have the same meaning? yes no 38. Which sentence is more conversational? a b 39. Which sentence is more formal? a b a. I like to play sports. b. I like playing sports. 40. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 41. Do they have the same meaning? yes no 42. What part of the sentence are to play and playing? 43. What kind of sentence are these sentences? a. I am going to try to snowboard this weekend. b. I am going to try snowboarding this weekend. 44. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 45. Do both of these sentences have the same meaning? yes no 46. Which one means I want to go, but I might not be able to? a b 47. Which one means this is my first time? a b -126-

3 a. I enjoy to play sports. b. I enjoy playing sports. 48. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 49. Which one is correct? a b a. I want to see that movie. b. I want seeing that movie. 50. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 51. Which one is correct? a b a. I want to read that book. b. I want you to read that book. 52. Are both of these sentences correct? yes no 53. What kind of sentence is sentence a? 54. What kind of sentence is sentence b? Highlight the correct form of the object for the following sentences. 1. Did you remember to lock / locking the door when you left? 2. What do you feel like to do / doing today? 3. Steve and his girlfriend plan to get / getting married next summer. 4. My parents would like to live / living in a warm place after they retire. 5. When I lived in Japan, I really missed to watch / watching football on Sunday afternoon. 6. I really dislike to arrive / arriving at the movie theater late. 7. Look! The baby is trying to walk / walking. 8. Melissa didn t finish to write / writing her paper until 3:00 this morning. 9. I recommend to go / going to college on the Mainland. 10. We couldn t afford to buy / buying a new car, so we bought a used one, instead. Match the following verbs and put them in the correct sentence. practice decide ask want enjoy promise expect forget begin need prefer remind turn off walk write take help bring hike buy borrow study pick up go 1. In Korea, students English in junior high school. 2. Where do you on vacation this year? 3. Chris his parents car last weekend. 4. I really in the mountains. It s relaxing and great exercise

4 5. Erin a new computer because her computer is too slow. 6. Someone the lights when they left. The lights are still on. 7. This morning, Brian to work because the weather was so nice. 8. In first grade, children their name. 9. I Lucas with his homework after school today. 10. Most Americans a shower in the morning. 11. My wife me the kids after school. 12. My teacher us our textbooks to class every day. Make sentences from the following words. 1. (fly / Japan / Honolulu / take / 8 / hour) 2. (friend / ask / I / lend / $5.00 / lunch) 3. (you / get / telephone information / by / dial / 411) 4. (I / put / a note / the refrigerator / remind / me / buy / stamps) 5. (when / you / start / study / English /?) 6. (you / mind / wait / me / in front / library /?) 7. (I / recommend / order / a pizza / then / watch / a video) -128-

5 Gerunds and Infinitives Both (Different) Both (Same) Gerund Infinitive Someone to do to do someone to do forget begin admit afford advise ask remember can't stand appreciate can't wait allow choose stop continue can't help decide cause expect try hate consider deserve forbid need like deny fail force pay love discuss hope help want prefer dislike learn hire would like start enjoy mean invite feel like offer remind finish plan require give up prepare teach keep pretend tell mind miss postpone practice promise refuse seem volunteer quit recommend risk suggest

6 Name: Date: Score: /10 Editing: / Gerunds and Infinitives Match the following verbs and put them in the correct sentence. dislike learn start feel like can t wait continue practice refuse begin stop try see wear swim kick play rain call drive rain have take 1. I you yesterday, but your phone was busy. 2. I had to rugby because I injured my knee. 3. It on Monday and it all week. I haven t seen the sun in five days. 4. Which do you for dinner? Japanese food or Italian food? 5. I my friends when I go back to Taiwan for New Year s. 6. Children in Hawaii when they are very young because they are always around the water. 7. The little boy a bath. He really didn t want to do it. 8. I really shoes. I prefer slippers. 9. Most Americans when they are 16 years old. 10. My son likes soccer, so every day, he the ball. Write the subjects, verbs and objects of the following sentences in the blanks. If there is an object circle O. If there is a complement, circle C. If there is no object, write an X. 1. Most American men enjoy watching football. 2. Learning a foreign language can be very difficult. 3. My brother is planning to get married next summer. 4. If you want to get a seat on the train, you will need to get to the station early. 5. I learned to swim while I was living in Bangkok, Thailand. -61-

7 6. Most Japanese people prefer to take a bath at night, but some people also take a shower in the morning. 7. Playing sports will improve your English quickly because you will begin to meet people. Make sentences from the following words. Add or change any necessary words. 1. (Maya / want / go / Harvard / Stanford) 2. (I / like / watch / comedies / not / like / watch / horror movies) 3. (yesterday / the students / discuss / have / a party / last day / class) 4. (Chelsea / offer / take / I / airport) 5. (I / remember / lock / the door / forget / turn off / the lights) 6. (Students / hate / take / test / like / get / good grades) 7. (Darren / decide / buy / diamond ring / girlfriend) 8. (Steve / Jerry / plan / go / Europe / graduate / college) 9. (I / miss / spend / time / friends / family / live / Hawaii) [I moved back two years ago.] 10. (Jessica / finish / do / math homework / not / finish / write / research paper) -62-

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