-1657 First picture book Orbis Pictus translates to The World in Pictures. Wordless picture book

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1 The Origins 1440s First picture book Orbis Pictus translates to The World in Pictures. Wordless picture book Charles Perrault French fairy tale reteller and author Creator of Tales of Mother Goose includes Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty -Chapbooks as early as the 1500s made up of stories instead of just the alphabet and Bible verses -sold for pennies-reaches a wider audience -Robin Hood -King Arthur -Froggie Went-a-Courtin -Newberry-publishes exclusively for children most important development in Children s Lit 1744 pub. His 1 st text A Pretty Little Pocket Book teaches alphabet with games, rhymes and fables the John Newberry Medal is created

2 The 1800s - The onset of the 19 th c. brought some of the most influential, honest and lasting children s stories into print - Jacob & Wilhelm Grimm collected oral stories (folk/fairy tales) and retold them called Household Tales German variants of fairy tales such as Snow White & Rumpelstiltskin - Fairy Tales told for Children, Hans Christian Anderson o Included The Ugly Duckling & The Emperor s New Clothes & The Little Mermaid - Poetry Books: The Book of Nonsense 1846 A Child s Garden of Verses Fantasy: Alice s Adventures in Wonderland 1863 Lewis Carroll Pinocchio, Carlo Collodi 1881 Journey to the Center of the Earth Jules Verne Little Women, Louisa May Alcott 1868-paved the way for realistic novels that immediately followed its publication lively characters - The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Mark Twain Treasure Island Robert Louis Stevenson The Jungle Book Rudyard Kipling Illustrations printing improved; color illustrations became more common - 2 major awards for children s book illustrations o 1938 The Randolph Caldecott Medal o 1956 Kate Greenway Medal of UK - Caldecott the 1 st illustrator to show action in pictures

3 Illustrations used as decoration until 1902 with The Tale of Peter Rabbit by Beatrix Potter - Beatrix Potter is known as the Mother of Modern Picture Books Potter incorporated colored illustration with text, page for page, becoming the first to use pictures as well as words to tell the story L. Frank Baum wrote The Wonderful Wizard of Oz first classic modern fantasy by an American Peter Pan J.M Barrie Anne of Green Gables Lucy Maud Montgomery s Canadian classic Winnie the Pooh - A.A. Milne Goodnight Moon Margaret Brown Wise Madeline Ludwig Bemelmans And to Think That I Saw it on Mulberry Street 1 st Dr. Seuss book - The Wind in the Willows Kenneth Graham became the standard for animal fantasy st American storybook Millions of Cats pictures have remained unforgettable - Edward Stratemeyer created the concept to outline the plots of stories and turn them over to ghost writers. He published series books under various pseudonyms Nancy Drew, Hardy Boys Less than high quality

4 1950-present - The financial boom of the 1960s which included large government grants to school libraries helped make children s publishing big business - the decade was a stable time for children s publishing - able to publish more books because of gov t grants - 19 notable titles in 1956 jumped to 62 in 1964 (shows the increased emphasis being placed on children s lit) Charlotte s Web E.B. White The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe C.S. Lewis

5 New Realism = a trend in children s Lit - New Realism = a philosophical objection to idealism. o A period beginning in the 1960s that brought a revolution to writing and illustrating o Books began dealing with topics that were previously taboo deemed inappropriate for children s stories: death, divorce, alcoholism, child abuse (before 1960, few books dealt with these topics for kids) s increase in sales - Controversial books began to published, challenging the traditional children s books Where the Wild Things Are Maurice Sendak Harriet the Spy Louise Fitzhugh Both show children at odds with their parents s children s novels went even further into realistic situations: Physical maturation 1970 Are You There God? It s Me Margaret Judy Blume Sex Forever 1975 Judy Blume o Many books from 1970s told historical events from different points of view - Additional trend of NR to write stories from other perspectives that were unpopular- Ex: My Brother Sam is Dead tells the other side of the American Revolution o Journey to Topaz a fictionalized autobiographical account of life in the Japanese-American WWII internment camps s & 70s flooded with daring novels that danced on the line of acceptable and explicit

6 Minority Books s-1990s - The Snowy Day by Ezra Jack Keats (1962) 1 st picture book to show a black child as a protagonist with no negative stereotyping Won Caldecott Medal in Not many books on African Americans (scarce) o 1960s brought 2 new & important awards encouraging multiculturalism Mildred L. Batchelder Award for translated books Coretta Scott King Award for African American writers and illustrators o 1970s - # of books by and for AA writers increased 1975 Virginia Hamilton receives Newbery Medal for M.C. Higgins, the Great 1976 Leo Dillon won Caldecott Medal (with wife Diane) for Why Mosquitoes Buzz in People s Ears o 1980s - # of books about & by minority writers decreased until the 1990s o 1990s negative trend reversed 1996 Pura Belpre Award for Latino/Latina authors and illustrators-reflected a renewed interest in books about minority cultures

7 Changing Trends in Genres and Formats s American Fantasy grew in popularity Excellence in Poetry for Children Award = a lifetime achievement award honoring poets who write for young readers s o informational books (non-fiction) grew in popularity increase in available, well-illustrated, well-written nonfiction books for kids o historical novels made a comeback o began winning Newbery Honors (awards the written story, not illustrations) s & 1990s o Emphasis on books for the very young with the I Can Read series (beginning reader books) o Poetry receives more attention 2 books of poetry won Newbery Medals 1981 & s o 1990 The Orbis Pictus Award -1 st award strictly for nonfiction writing o The Robert F. Sibert Informational Books Award (for non-fiction) Theodor Seuss Geisel Award excellence in writing for very young readers (est. by the ALA = American Library Association)

8 A Changing Market Place s - federal $ for school libraries decreased - Market for children s books shifted toward the consumer market (book stores) - Retail sales make up more than half the ch. book market - Causes a change in books - Emphasis is placed on lavishly illustrated books for younger audiences - New printing technologies more affordable yet very sophisticated illustrations s picture books available in paperback MORE AFFORDABLE s non-fiction concept picture books & wordless picture books more popular o Toy books (engineered books) pop-up, scratch & sniff, texture books popular & affordable o Baby/board books very durable & affordable s o Began publishing straight to paperback series sold quickly Goosebumps Fear Street Animorphs Saddle Club American Girl Junie B. Jones o Began selling in non-bookstores (Walmart, Sam s Club, grocery stores) CHEAP books

9 The 21 st Century - # of ch s trade books pub d in US grew to 6600 by Old titles 25, 50, 100 years ago/out of print being rereleased Michael L. Printz Award created recognizing YA (young adult) lit Harry Potter books (J.K. Rowling) a stunning success - Harry Potter 1 st children s titles to appear on the adult and children s best sellers lists - As of 2006 Harry Potter 300 million copies world wide - Authors & illustrators experiment with form and content, take risks; - Increase in high quality books increase in low quality books - Children s Lit watchdogs scrutinize books for what they deem inappropriate material for young readers - Books become more preachy as a result try just to drive home a point/moral rather than tell a good story - Edgy does not equal better or even good; edginess = pushing the limits of the age of new realism to extremes; many believe edgy = real and real means the books is better not true - Critics begin pushing for certain topics & messages which means they expect it handled in a certain way - Celebrity authors became popular

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