Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) B) It helps singers warm themselves up. C) Singers use it to stay away from colds.

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Jacob York
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1 2015 年 6 月六级第 3 套 Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) 13. A) Singers may become addicted to it. B) It helps singers warm themselves up. C) Singers use it to stay away from colds. D) It can do harm to singers' vocal chords. vocal chords 声带 14. A) They are eager to become famous.

2 B) Many lack professional training. C) Few will become successful. D) They live a glamorous life. glamorous 14. A) They are eager to become famous. B) Many lack professional training. C) Few will become successful. D) They live a glamorous life.

3 glamorous adj. 有魅力的, 迷人的 glamour n. 魅力, 魔力 ; 迷人的美 vt. 迷惑, 迷住 Rock stars now face a new hazard ---voice abuse. hazard Rock stars now face a new hazard ---voice abuse. hazard n. 危险

4 hazardous adj. 有危险的 ; 冒险的 M: If pop singers have got voice problems, they really need to be more selective about where they work. They shouldn t work in smoky atmospheres. selective adj. 精心选择的 ; 选择的 And if a singer coughs, this can result in the bruising of the vocal cords. bruise [bru:z] v. / n. 擦伤 ; 挫伤 ; 青肿

5 Section B 16. A) It has not been very successful. B) It has long become a new trend. C) It has met with strong resistance. D) It has attracted a lot of users. resistance n. 抵抗, 反抗 19. A) They will vary with the size of vehicles. B) They will be discountable to regular customers. C) They will be lower than conventional parking.

6 D) They will be reduced if paid in cash. discountable 19. A) They will vary with the size of vehicles. B) They will be discountable to regular customers. C) They will be lower than conventional parking. D) They will be reduced if paid in cash.

7 discountable adj. 可贴现的, 可折扣的 The question will confront New Yorkers in February as the city s first robotic parking opens in Chinatown. robotic adj. 自动的 ; 机器人的 The technology has been successfully applied overseas,(16) but the only other public robotic garage in the United States has been troublesome, dropping vehicles and trapping cars because of technical problems.

8 troublesome The technology has been successfully applied overseas,(16) but the only other public robotic garage in the United States has been troublesome, dropping vehicles and trapping cars because of technical problems. troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的, 令人讨厌的 wholesome 健全的 ; 有益健康的 ; 合乎卫生的 tiresome adj. 烦人的, 无聊的 plaguesome adj. 麻烦的 ; 瘟疫的 ; 讨厌的 awesome adj. 极好的 Nonetheless,(17)the developers of the Chinatown garage are confident with the technology and are counting on it to squeeze 67 cars in an apartment-building basement

9 that would otherwise fit only 24, accomplished by removing a maneuver space normally required. squeeze v. 榨取, 挤出 maneuver v. 操纵, 操控 ; 演习 ; 调遣 There is no human supervision,(18)but an attendant will be on hand to accept cash and explain the system to new users.(19)parking rates will be attractive about $400 monthly or $25 per day, according to Ari Milstein, the director of planning for Automation Parking Systems, which is the U.S. subsidiary of a German company. 复习

10 supervision n. 监督, 监管 attendant n. 服务人员, 侍者, 随从 subsidiary adj. 附带的, 附属的 n. 附属机构, 子公司 21. A) It takes time for the human body to getused to it. B) It lacks the vitamins and minerals essentialfor health. C) It enhances immunity to certain diseases. D) It helps people to live a much longer life. immunity n. 免除 ; 豁免 ; 免疫力

11 21. A) It takes time for the human body to get used to it. B) It lacks the vitamins and minerals essential for health. C) It enhances immunity to certain diseases. D) It helps people to live a much longer life. immunity

12 They believe such a diet which includes no products from animal sources can be deficient in many of the necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need. deficient adj. 有缺点的 ; 有缺陷的 ; 缺乏的 They believe such a diet which includes no products from animal sources can be deficient in many of the necessary vitamins and minerals our bodies need. deficient adj.

13 24. A) To stop them from fighting back. B) To thank them for their hospitality. C) To teach them the European lifestyle. D) To relieve their pains and sufferings. hospitality n. 殷勤, 好客 24. A) To stop them from fighting back. B) To thank them for their hospitality. C) To teach them the European lifestyle.

14 D) To relieve their pains and sufferings. hospitality n. 原文 Alcoholism is a serious disease. alcoholism n. 酗酒

15 Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness. After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. alertness n. 警觉性 deteriorate v. 使恶化 ; 变坏 Alcohol causes a loss of judgment and alertness. After a long period, alcoholism can deteriorate the liver, the brain and other parts of the body. alertness n. deteriorate v.

16 He would detach himself from the routines of life. He may lose his employment, home or loved ones. detach vt. 分离 ; 派遣 ; 使超然 He would detach himself from the routines of life. He may lose his employment, home or loved ones. detach vt.

17 Section C Three types of feedback from others are (29) how they see us: confirmation, rejection, and disconfirmation. confirmation rejection disconfirmation Section C

18 Three types of feedback from others are (29) how they see us: confirmation, rejection, and disconfirmation. confirmation n. 证实, 证据, 确认 rejection n. 拒绝 ; 摒弃 disconfirmation n. 不确认 ; 失验 On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with your (32). inconsistent

19 On the other hand, rejection occurs when others treat you in a manner that is inconsistent with your (32). inconsistent adj. 不一致的, 不协调的 Pierre Salinger was appointed senator from California but subsequently lost his first election. 复习 appoint

20 Rather than (35) how others classify you, consider how you identify yourself. The way in which you identify yourself is the best reflection of your self-image. 复习 classify v. 分类 self-image n. 自我形象答案 26. categories 27. acquaintance 28. conscientious 29. indicative of 30. consistent

21 31. in charge of 32. self-definition 33. obviously 34. respond to 35. relying on acquaintance n. 熟识, 熟人 conscientious adj. 认真的, 勤奋的 indicative adj. 标示的, 指示的, 象征的 consistent adj. 一贯的 ; 一致的, 符合的 in charge of 负责, 主管

22 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Innovation, the elixir ( 灵丹妙药 ) of progress, has always cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were 36 aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 37 many of the mid-skill jobs that underpinned 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticketagents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs have been dispensed with,just as the weavers were. industrial revolution n. 工业革命 loom vi. 可怕地出现 ; 朦胧地出现 ; 隐约可见 underpin vt. 巩固 ; 支持 ; 加强的基础

23 dispense vt. 分配, 分发 For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising 38. disruption For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising 38.

24 disruption n. 中断, 分裂, 破坏 disrupt 分裂的, 中断的 v. 破坏 ; 使瓦解 ; 使分裂 disruptive 破坏的 ; 分裂性的 ; 制造混乱的 The millions freed from the land were not rendered 41, but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has 42, but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. render vt. secretary n. The millions freed from the land were not rendered 41, but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today the pool of secretaries has 42,

25 but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. render vt. 报答 ; 归还 ; 给予 secretary n. 秘书 ; 书记 Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 43. starting-point n. dislocate vt.

26 evident adj. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 43. starting-point n. 起点 dislocate vt. 使脱臼 ; 使混乱 evident adj. 显然的, 明显的

27 Technology s 44 will feel like a tornado ( 旋风 ), hitting the rich world first, but 45 sweeping through poorer countries too. sweep v. 打扫 ; 席卷 ; 袭击 B) displaced I) prosperity J) responsive K) rhythm

28 L) sentiments M) shrunk N) swept O) withdrawn displace vt. 取代 ; 置换 ; 转移 responsive adj. 赞同的 ; 支持的 ; 回答的 rhythm n. 节奏 ; 韵律 sentiment n. 感情, 情绪 ; 情操

29 shrink v. 收缩 ; 退缩 withdraw v. 撤回, 撤退 ; 取钱 Section B Why the Mona Lisa Stands Out [A] Have you ever fallen for a novel and been amazed not to find it on lists of great books? Or walked around a sculpture renowned as a classic, struggling to see what the fuss is about? If so, you ve probably pondered the question a psychologist, James Cutting, asked himself: how does a work of art come to be considered great?

30 sculpture n. 雕刻, 雕塑 renowned adj. 著名的 ponder vt. 仔细考虑 ; 衡量 [B] The intuitive answer is that some works of art are just great: of intrinsically superior quality. intuitive

31 intrinsically [B] The intuitive answer is that some works of art are just great: of intrinsically superior quality. intuitive adj. 有直觉力的 ; 凭直觉获知的 intrinsically adv. 从本质上 ( 讲 )

32 If you can t see they re superior, that s your problem. It s an intimidatingly neat explanation. But some social scientists have been asking awkward questions of it, raising the possibility that artistic canons( 名作目录 ) are little more than fossilised historical accidents. intimidatingly 可怕 artistic adj. 艺术的, 有美感的, 风雅的 fossilise v. 使成化石, 使陈腐

33 [C] Cutting, a professor at Cornell University, wondered if a psychological mechanism known as the mere-exposure effect played a role in deciding which paintings rise to the top of the cultural league. Cutting designed an experiment to test his hunch( 直觉 ). 复习 exposure n. 暴露, 显露 Others were lesser known but of comparable quality. comparable adj. 类似的, 同类的, 相当的

34 [D] He points out that the most reproduced works of impressionism today tend to have been bought by five or six wealthy and influential collectors in the late 19th century. The preferences of these men bestowed( 给予 ) prestige on certain works, which made the works more likely to be hung in galleries and printed in collections. influential adj. 有影响的, 有权势的 bestow vt. 授予 ; 使用 Prestige n. 威望, 声望 ; 声誉 [D] He points out that the most reproduced works of impressionism today tend to have been bought by five or six wealthy and influential collectors in the late 19th century. The preferences of these men bestowed( 给予 ) prestige on certain works, which made the works more likely to be hung in galleries and printed in collections.

35 influential bestow prestige The fame passed down the years, gaining momentum from mere exposure as it did so. The more people were exposed to, the more they liked it, and the more they liked it, the more it appeared in books, on posters and in big exhibitions. gain momentum from 获得动力的 momentum n. 动力 ; 冲力 ; 势头

36 As contemporary artists like Warhol and Damien Hirst have grasped, critical acclaim is deeply entwined( 交织 ) with publicity. Scholars, Cutting argues, are no different from the public in the effects of mere exposure. acclaim vt. 向欢呼 ; 向喝彩 ; 称赞 entwine [in twain] vt. 缠绕, 盘绕 publicity n. 知名度 ; 宣传

37 [E] The process described by Cutting evokes a principle that the sociologist Duncan Watts calls cumulative advantage : once a thing becomes popular, it will tend to become more popular still. cumulative adj. 累积的, 渐增的 accumulate A few years ago, Watts, who is employed by Microsoft to study the dynamics of social networks, had a similar experience to Cutting in another Paris museum. 复习 dynamics

38 After queuing to see the Mona Lisa in its climate-controlled bulletproof box at the Louvre, he came away puzzled: why was it considered so superior to the three other Leonardos in the previous chamber, to which nobody seemed to be paying the slightest attention? chamber n. 膛室 ; 房间 ; 会议室 [F] When Watts looked into the history of the greatest painting of all time, he discovered that, for most of its life, the Mona Lisa languished in relative obscurity. I

39 languish [ læŋɡwiʃ] obscurity [əәb skjuriti] obscure adj. [F] When Watts looked into the history of the greatest painting of all time, he discovered that, for most of its life, the Mona Lisa languished in relative obscurity. I languish [ læŋɡwiʃ] v. 长期受苦, 受折磨 obscurity [əәb skjuriti] n. 不明, 费解, 隐晦 obscure adj. 模糊的 ; 晦涩的 ; 昏暗的

40 What propelled it there wasn t a scholarly re-evaluation, but a theft. propel vt. 推进 ; 驱使 ; 驱策 [G] In 1911 a maintenance worker at the Louvre walked out of the museum with the Mona Lisa hidden under his smock( 工作服 ). 复习 maintenance n.

41 [G] In 1911 a maintenance worker at the Louvre walked out of the museum with the Mona Lisa hidden under his smock( 工作服 ). 复习 maintenance n. 维修, 维持 But as the painting s biographer, Donald Sassoon, drily notes, In reality the effect can be obtained from any portrait. Duncan Watts proposes that the Mona Lisa is merely an extreme example of a general rule. Paintings, poems and pop songs are buoyed( 使浮起 ) or sunk by random events or preferences that turn into waves of influence, passing down the generations.

42 portrait n. 肖像, 画像 random adj. 任意的 ; 胡乱的 ; 随机的 Nearly all the cultural objects we consume arrive wrapped in inherited opinion; our preferences are always, to some extent, someone else s. wrap vt. to some extent

43 Nearly all the cultural objects we consume arrive wrapped in inherited opinion; our preferences are always, to some extent, someone else s. wrap vt. 隐藏 ; 缠绕 to some extent 在某种程度上 [K] The intrinsic quality of a work of art is starting to seem like its least important attribute. But perhaps it s more significant than our social scientists allow. First of all, a work needs a certain quality to be eligible to be swept to the top of the pile.

44 intrinsic adj. eligible adj. [K] The intrinsic quality of a work of art is starting to seem like its least important attribute. But perhaps it s more significant than our social scientists allow. First of all, a work needs a certain quality to be eligible to be swept to the top of the pile. intrinsic adj. 固有的, 内在的, 本质的 eligible adj. 合适的, 适当的 Read Hamlet after reading even the greatest of Shakespeare s contemporaries, and the difference may strike you as unarguable.

45 unarguable adj. 无可争辩的 [L] A study in the British Journal of Aesthetics suggests that the exposure effect doesn t work the same way on everything, and points to a different conclusion about how canons are formed. The social scientists are right to say that we should be a little sceptical of greatness, and that we should always look in the next room. Great art and mediocrity( 平庸 ) can get confused, even by experts.

46 journal n. 日报, 杂志 ; 日记 aesthetic adj. 美学的 ; 审美的 mediocrity n. 平庸, 第二流 ; 平庸人 mediocre adj. 普通的 ; 平凡的 ; 中等的 46. According to Duncan Watts, the superiority of the "Mona Lisa" to Leonardo's other works resulted from the cumulative advantage. 55. Opinions about and preferences for cultural objects are often inheritable. 复习 superiority

47 Section C The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. gloomy Section C The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated.

48 gloomy adj. 黑暗的 ; 沮丧的 ; 阴郁的 gloom vt./n. 使黑暗 ; 使忧郁 But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers. grim adj. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.

49 grim adj. 严酷的, 无情的, 糟糕的 Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we're doing well or doing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. collective adj. an array of

50 Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we're doing well or doing badly, and that in turn shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. collective adj. 集体的 an array of 大量的, 一系列 First, there is the way the data is assembled. 复习

51 assemble vt. 集合, 聚集 ; 装配 There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the "payroll survey," that assesses businesses based on their reported payrolls. payroll There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the "payroll survey," that assesses businesses based on their reported payrolls.

52 payroll n. 工资单 The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you're employed, and you say yes, you're employed. household shade the truth

53 The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly, people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you're employed, and you say yes, you're employed. household n. 一家人, 户 adj. 家庭的, 家用的 shade the truth 遮蔽真相 56. What do we learn from the first paragraph? B) Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs. C) The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.

54 drastic adj. slash v 56. What do we learn from the first paragraph? B) Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more jobs. C) The US government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls. drastic adj. 激烈的 ; 猛烈的

55 slash v 挥砍 ; 削减 ; 谴责 58. One problem with the payroll survey is that. C) it magnifies the number of the jobless magnify vt. 58. One problem with the payroll survey is that. C) it magnifies the number of the jobless

56 magnify vt. 放大 ; 赞美 ; 夸大 Passage Two This nameless person pushed the human race over a historic threshold, for it was in that year that mankind became, for the first time in its history, a predominantly urban species. threshold n. predominantly adv.

57 Passage Two This nameless person pushed the human race over a historic threshold, for it was in that year that mankind became, for the first time in its history, a predominantly urban species. threshold n. 门槛 ; 喻开始 predominantly adv. 占主导地位地 ; 占优势地 ; 显著地 Demographers ( 人口统计学者 ) reckon that three-quarters of humanity could be city-dwelling by 2050, with most of the increase coming in the fast-growing towns of Asia and Africa. Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the boredom of a farmer's agricultural life.

58 复习 reckon v. migrant n. Demographers ( 人口统计学者 ) reckon that three-quarters of humanity could be city-dwelling by 2050, with most of the increase coming in the fast-growing towns of Asia and Africa. Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the boredom of a farmer's agricultural life. 复习 reckon v. 计算 ; 考虑 ; 认为 migrant n. 移居者 ; 候鸟 adj. 移居的 ; 流浪的

59 Those factors are more than enough to make up for the squalor ( 肮脏 ), disease and spectacular poverty that those same migrants must often at first endure when they become urban dwellers. spectacular adj. Those factors are more than enough to make up for the squalor ( 肮脏 ), disease and spectacular poverty that those same migrants must often at first endure when they become urban dwellers.

60 spectacular adj. 壮观的, 雄伟的, 引人入胜的 It is the city that inspires the latest book from Peter Smith. His main thesis is that the buzz of urban life, and the opportunities it offers for co-operation and collaboration, is what attracts people to the city, which in turn makes cities into the engines of art, commerce, science and progress. buzz v. 暗中散布 ; 作嗡嗡声 ; 东奔西忙 buzz word 专门用语 ; 术语, 行话

61 This is hardly revolutionary, but it is presented in a charming format. Mr. Smith has written a breezy guidebook, with a series of short chapters dedicated to specific aspects of urbanity - parks, say, or the various schemes that have been put forward over the years for building the perfect city. The result is a sort of high-quality, unusually rigorous coffee-table book, designed to be dipped into rather than read from beginning to end. charming format breezy adj. 有微风的, 微风吹过的 ; 活泼的 scheme n. 方案, 计划

62 dip vt. 浸, 蘸 In the chapter on skyscrapers, for example, Mr. Smith touches on construction methods, the revolutionary invention of the automatic lift, the practicalities of living in the sky and the likelihood that, as cities become more crowded, apartment living will become the norm. skyscraper [ skai,skreipəә] automatic adj. practicality n. likelihood n.

63 In the chapter on skyscrapers, for example, Mr. Smith touches on construction methods, the revolutionary invention of the automatic lift, the practicalities of living in the sky and the likelihood that, as cities become more crowded, apartment living will become the norm. skyscraper [ skai,skreipəә] n. 摩天大楼 automatic adj. 自动的 ; 不假思索的, 无意识的 practicality n. 实践性 ; 实际性 ; 实用性 likelihood n. 可能, 可能性

64 But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index (which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession). diversion n. 转移, 转向 divert vt. 转移 ; 使转向 index n. 索引 imminent adj. 迫近的 ; 即将来临的

65 One obvious criticism is that the price of breadth is depth; many of Mr. Smith's essays raise as many questions as they answer. breadth n. 宽度, 幅度 ; 宽宏 Although that can indeed be frustrating, this is probably the only way to treat so grand a topic. frustrate vt. 使不成功, 挫败, 阻止

66 a guidebook to the city is really, therefore, a guidebook to how a large and ever-growing chunk of humanity chooses to live. ever-growing adj. chunk n. a guidebook to the city is really, therefore, a guidebook to how a large and ever-growing chunk of humanity chooses to live. ever-growing adj. 不断增长 ; 日益增长的

67 chunk n. 大块 ; 矮胖的人或物 61. In what way is the year 2008 historic? A) For the first time in history, urban people outnumbered rural people. B) An influential figure decided to move from the countryside to the city. outnumber vt. 数量多于 ; 比多 influential adj. 有影响的, 有权势的

68 62. What does the author say about urbanisation? C) It is a milestone in human progress. D) It aggravates the squalor of cities. milestone n. 里程碑 squalor n. 肮脏 ; 悲惨 ; 卑劣

69 63. How does the author comment on Peter Smith s new book? B) It is flavoured with humourous stories. flavor n. 味道 ; 风味 vt. 给调味 ; 给增添风趣 64. What does the author say in the chapter on skyscrapers? A) The automatic lift is indispensable in skyscrapers. C) Skyscrapers are a sure sign of a city s prosperity.

70 indispensable adj. 必不可少的, 必需的 dispensable adj. 非必需的, 可省去的 dispense vt. 分配, 分发 ; Part IV Translation (30 minutes) 待客之道禽类中国宴席

71 热菜冷菜全鱼 Part IV Translation (30 minutes) 待客之道 hospitality 禽类 poultry 中国宴席 Chinese banquet 热菜 hot dish

72 冷菜 cold dish 全鱼 the whole fish

Autobiographies 自传. A Popular Read in the UK 英国流行读物. Read the text below and do the activity that follows. 阅读下面的短文, 然后完成练习 :

Autobiographies 自传. A Popular Read in the UK 英国流行读物. Read the text below and do the activity that follows. 阅读下面的短文, 然后完成练习 : Autobiographies 1 Autobiographies 自传 A Popular Read in the UK 英国流行读物 Read the text below and do the activity that follows. 阅读下面的短文, 然后完成练习 : If you take a look at the best-selling books in the UK these