TRAVEL TO LAtin America

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2 Learn More Spanish Survival Phrases START HERE TRAVEL TO LAtin America Conversation Cheat Sheet MONEY & SHOPPING Is there an ATM nearby? Hay algún cajero cerca? How much is ~? Cuánto cuesta ~? ten thousand diez mil two hundred doscientos one thousand mil one hundred cien five hundred quinientos fifty cincuenta Peruvian sol sol Bolivian boliviano boliviano Costa Rican colón colón Peso peso Peso is the national currency of many countries, including Mexico, Argentina, Dominican Republic, Chile, Colombia, Cuba and Uruguay. AROUND TOWN Where is ~? Dónde está ~? I d like to go to ~ Me gustaría ir a ~ the square la plaza the church la iglesia the beach la playa the park el parque the desert el desierto the pyramid la pirámide Please take me to~ Por favor, lléveme a ~ SURVIVAL PHRASES Where is the station? Dónde está la estación? Where is the restroom? Dónde está el baño?

3 COMMUNICATION Hello. Excuse me. I m sorry. Excuse me. Perdón. Hola. Perdón. Lo siento. Hello. Hola. Nice to meet you. Please. Yes. Encantado de conocerle. Por favor. Sí. Encantado en conocerte. I am ~ Thank you. No. Soy ~ Gracias. No. ASKING QUESTIONS Do you understand? Entiende? Entiendes? I understand. Entiendo. I don t understand. No entiendo. I don t understand. No entiendo. Do you speak English? Yes, I do. No I don t. Habla inglés? Sí, lo hablo. No, no lo hablo. Can you eat this? Of course. No, I can t eat it. Puede comer esto? Por supuesto. No, no puedo comerlo. ORDERING FOOD ~ please. ~ por favor. What do you recommend? Qué recomienda? tamale tamal barbecue asado ceviche cebiche empanada empanada sauce salsa potato papa cassava yuca corn maíz COUNTERS 1 un, uno, una 2 dos 3 tres 4 cuatro 5 cinco 6 seis 7 siete 8 ocho 9 nueve 10 diez ~ please. ~ por favor.

4 Want More? Talking About Your Family in Spanish START HERE FAMILY & RELATIVES Conversation Cheat Sheet FAMILY RELATIONS What kind of person is your ~? Qué clase de persona es tu ~? grandmother abuela grandfather abuelo uncle tío cousin primo aunt tía me yo father padre mother madre younger sister older sister older brother younger brother hermana menor hermana mayor hermano mayor hermano menor How s your mother? Cómo está su madre? My mother is well. Mi madre está bien. FAMILY RELATIONS husband wife son daughter Forward my greetings to your ~. Mándale saludos de mi parte a tu ~. marido esposa hijo hija PETS I have a ~. Yo tengo un(a) ~. dog perro cat gato bird pájaro fish pez bunny conejo snake serpiente

5 FIRST MEETING Nice to meet you. Un gusto conocerte. Where are you from? De dónde eres? Can I sit here? Me puedo sentar aquí? What s your name? Cuál es tu nombre? I'm from Mexico City. Soy de la Ciudad de México. What is this? Qué es esto? How are you? Cómo estás? I've heard a lot about you. He oído mucho sobre ti. This is for you. Esto es para ti. How many people are there in your family? Cuántas personas hay en tu familia? How long will you stay? Cuánto tiempo te vas a quedar? It was nice to meet you. Fue un placer en conocerte. HOLIDAYS AND OBSERVANCES What do you do on ~? Qué haces en ~? When is ~? Cuándo es ~? Day of the Dead Día de Todos los Santos Flag's Day Día de la Bandera Constitution Day Día de la Constitución St. George's Day Día de San Jorge Please tell me more about ~. Por favor dime más acerca del ~. Children's Day Día del Niño Day of the Battle of Puebla Día de la Batalla de Puebla Day of the Holy Innocents Día de los Inocentes Benito Juarez Birthday Natalicio de Benito Juárez CELEBRATIONS Happy birthday! Feliz cumpleaños! Happy Day of the Innocents! Feliz Día de los inocentes! Merry Christmas! Feliz Navidad! Congratulations! Felicidades! Happy Halloween! Feliz Halloween! Happy New Year! Feliz Año Nuevo!

6 CLICK HERE to get our Spanish Learning System! Get your Free Lifetime Account! DINING LIKE A CHAMP Conversation Cheat Sheet Create Your FREE Account CLICK Phrases You Need to Know at the Dining Table I have a reservation at nine. Tengo una reservación a las nueve. Do you have a table for two? Tiene una mesa para dos? May I have a menu? Me puede dar un menú? May I order? Puedo ordenar? What do you recommend? Qué recomienda? I ll have this, please. Tendré esto, por favor. Excuse me. Disculpe. My order hasn t come yet. Mi orden no ha llegado todavía. Check, please. La cuenta, por favor. Top Words You ll Need at the Restaurant POINT & READ SEÑALA Y LEE. ~ please. ~ por favor.. appetizer aperitivo main dish plato principal dessert postre chicken pollo beef carne de res pork carne de cerdo salad ensalada seafood mariscos What are today s specials? Cuáles son las recomendaciones de hoy? Can I have a drink menu? Me pueda dar el menú de bebidas? Can I have some more ~? Me puede servir más ~. Counters 1 uno 2 dos 3 tres 4 cuatro 5 cinco 6 seis 7 siete 8 ocho 9 nueve 10 diez

7 How to Choose The Best Foods to Fit Your Preferences With ~, please. Con ~, por favor. meat carne fish pescado vegetables verduras butter mantequilla sugar azúcar olive oil aceite de oliva Without ~, please. Sin ~, por favor. bell pepper onions wine cheese tomato alcohol pimiento cebollas vino queso tomate alcohol Does this dish contain any ~? Este plato tiene ~? I can t eat/drink ~. No puedo comer/tomar ~. Please remove ~ from this dish. Por favor quite ~ del plato. Table Request In The Restaurant Can you bring me (a) ~? Me puedes traer (un/una) ~? spoon cuchara fork tenedor knife cuchillo napkin servilleta salt sal black pepper pimienta negra I need (a) ~. Necesito (un/ una) ~. water agua bread pan drink bebida menu menú coffee café dessert postre It s delicious! Está delicioso! Complimenting and Criticizing the Food It looks tasty. Se ve sabroso. It s very good. Está muy bueno. It s overcooked. Está recocido. It lacks salt. Le falta sal. It s raw! Está crudo! It smells so nice. Huele muy bien. This is not fresh. Esto no está fresco. It s too spicy. Está muy picante. Food Allergies & Restrictions! I am allergic to ~. Soy alérgico a ~. meat carne eggs huevos milk leche peanuts maní shellfish mariscos wheat trigo soy soya/soja fish pescado I am a vegetarian. Soy vegetariano. I am a vegan. Soy vegano. I can t eat pork. No puedo comer carne de cerdo.

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9 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #1 How to Say "Thank You!" in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 3 Cultural Insight # 1 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

10 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Gracias. 2. Muchas gracias. 3. Mil gracias. ENGLISH 1. Thank you. 2. Thank you very much. 3. A thousand thanks. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r muchas much, many, a lot adverb feminine Muchas gracias Thank you very much phrase Mil thousand numeral gracias thanks, thank you phrase SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #1 - HOW TO S AY "THANK YOU! " I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

11 Gracias por su ayuda. "Thank you for your help." Muchas gracias por su ayuda. "Thank you very much for your help." Tengo mil pesos. "I have a thousand pesos." Gracias por su ayuda. "Thank you for your help." GRAMMAR Wherever your destination may be, manners are a must! Mexico is no different. So in our very first lesson, we'll be teaching you simple expressions that are bound to come in handy throughout your trip to Mexico. I can't stress this enough: a little a bit of language can go a long way! In Mexico, the most simple way of saying "Thank you" is gracias. Gracias is used just like "thank you" in English. But there will be occasions when you will wish to express gratitude in a more polite and obvious manner, and then, you should use the expression muchas gracias. The word muchas means "much" or "very" therefore the English equivalent for muchas gracias is "Thank you very much." Another useful expression to show your gratitude in Mexico, would be mil gracias. This literally means "a thousand thanks." People use this phrase to emphasize that they are really thankful to you. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip The most common way to say "Thank you" is gracias. Use gracias in any situation, whether formal, informal, special or common, and Mexican people will appreciate your effort to speak S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #1 - HOW TO S AY "THANK YOU! " I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

12 their language. Also, never worry about the person's age or profession. Keep in mind that this word can be used anywhere, anytime and with anyone. You say gracias when the waiter brings you the food, when somebody does a favor for you and when you receive a compliment. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #1 - HOW TO S AY "THANK YOU! " I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

13 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #2 Say You re Welcome in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 2 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

14 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. De nada. 2. No hay de qué. ENGLISH 1. You re welcome. 2. There is no reason for your thanks. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass nada nothing pronoun no no adverb que That demonstrative de of, from preposition Hay There is/are, exist verb SAMPLE SENTENCES No hay nada ahí. "There is nothing there." No me digas. "Do not tell me." Sara dijo que él necesita venir. "Sara said that he needs to come." De nada, Alex! "You're welcome, Alex!" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #2 - S AY YOU RE WELCOME I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

15 Hay un gato en la casa. "There is a cat in the house." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll continue to learn more phrases that will help you with basic etiquette. Mexican people are naturally hospitable and warm, so phrases of gratitude are used quite often. Even if you don't get the chance to use de nada which is the expression for "You're welcome," during your trip to Mexico, there's a very big chance you'll hear it. So let's have a closer look at it! In Spanish the most common way of saying "You're welcome" is de nada. Literally this means "of nothing" The word de means "of" Nada means "nothing". There will be occasions when you will hear no hay de qué The literal translation in English is "no exist of that" but it means "there's no reason for your thanks" and it often has a similar feeling to "don't worry about it." This phrase is very polite in Spanish. In this phrase the word no means "no". Then we have the verb hay that means "have" or "exist". It's followed by de which means "for". Finally, we have que which in English literally means "what" or "that". This phrase is very polite and your Mexican friends will be surprised that you can speak Spanish so well. You should use this phrase with older people and in situations when formality is needed, for example - in a post office or a bank. Remember: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #2 - S AY YOU RE WELCOME I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

16 de nada means "You are welcome." And the phrase No hay de qué means "there is no reason for your thanks." or "don't worry about it" CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Remember that de nada is the most common way of saying "you are welcome" but no hay de qué is the most polite. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #2 - S AY YOU RE WELCOME I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

17 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #3 "Please" in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 3 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

18 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Por favor. 2. Le ruego por favor. 3. Esto, por favor. 4. Eso, por favor. ENGLISH 1. Please. 2. I beg you please. 3. This please. 4. That please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Por at, by, for, from preposition Eso That demonstrative Ruego Beg verb esto this demonstrative Favor Favor noun le To you preposition SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #3 - "PLEAS E" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

19 Compré este libro por diez pesos. "I bought this book for ten pesos." Él quiere eso, por favor. "He wants that, please." Le ruego su perdón. "I beg your pardon." Quiero esto, por favor. "I want this, please." Me puedes hacer ese favor. "Can you do me that favor?" Le daré las gracias. "I will thank you." GRAMMAR This lesson will help you take matters into your own hands! In this lesson, we'll take a look at the word "please," which will be very important when you need to ask for something. In Spanish, "please" is: Por favor. Let's take a closer look at Por favor. The first word is a preposition and is translated as "for." The second word favor means "favor" or "kindness." If you want to be more formal, you can say: Le ruego por favor! In English, this phrase means "I beg you please" Le means "to you" Ruego is the verb "beg" Le ruego por favor - is the more formal expression of "please." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #3 - "PLEAS E" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

20 When you want to ask for something specifically, say Esto, Por favor for "this, please" and Eso, Por favor for "that, please." Esto means "this" and Eso is the word for "that." These two words are gender neutral so you don't have to worry about the gender for now. We'll get to that in later lessons. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip The phrases Esto, por favor and Eso, por favor are gender neutral. Gender is part of grammar that affects many words in Spanish. Even though Esto and Eso are just fine for you to use, the Spanish speakers will only use them rarely because they understand grammatical gender. Don't worry and don't get stressed. Learn the phrases as they are written in this lesson and you'll do great! S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #3 - "PLEAS E" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

21 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #4 Refusing in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 4 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

22 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. No, gracias. 2. No, muchas gracias. 3. Es demasiado. 4. No gracias, estoy satisfecho. ENGLISH 1. No, thank you. 2. No, thank you very much. 3. It is too much. 4. No thank you, I am satisfied. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r no no adverb Es Is verb muchas much, many, a lot adverb feminine Demasiado Too much, in excess adverb gracias thanks, thank you noun feminine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 - REFUS I NG I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

23 Satisfecho Satisfied adjective estoy I am verb SAMPLE SENTENCES No me digas. "Do not tell me." Es viernes. "It's Friday." Gracias por su ayuda. "Thank you for your help." Hace demasiado calor. "It is too hot." Gracias por venir. "Thank you for coming." Estoy satisfecho. "I'm full." Estoy cansado. "I am tired." GRAMMAR This lesson will teach you how to refuse in Spanish. There are many situations in our daily life when we want to refuse, especially when we do not like or want something. Other than that, Mexican people consider refusing as a form of being polite, in which case refusing becomes a good manner. In Spanish, "No thank you" is:no, gracias. The first word no means "no" After that comes gracias which means "thank you." Let's hear the expression again: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 - REFUS I NG I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

24 This expression is the equivalent of "No, thank you!" and it is used in the same situations as in English. Let's say you want to emphasize that you appreciate the offer, but you have to refuse it. You can use the word muchas between no and gracias, forming the phrase No, muchas gracias. It literally means "No, thank you very much." When you feel that what was offered to you is too much say Es demasiado. In this sentence, the word es is a form of the verb that means "to be." Next we have demasiado which is translated as "too much." Let's hear the phrase one more time. The translation is "It is too much." A combination between the two expressions we just covered is also possible No gracias, es demasiado. During your stay in Mexico, you may be invited to a person's house. In most cases, you will be offered food. There is a custom in Mexico to offer more food when the guest finishes eating everything that is on his or her plate. In that case, you may politely refuse using the phrase, No gracias, estoy satisfecho which means "No thank you, I am satisfied." No gracias, estoy satisfecho. In this sentence No gracias means "no thank you." Estoy means "I am." Satisfecho is an adjective that means "satisfied." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico, offering and insisting is part of the old traditional code of manners. Some people will insist one or two times to make you accept what they offer (usually food, or a drink). But you don't need to worry, if you use the phrase No gracias, estoy satisfecho, they will S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 - REFUS I NG I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

25 understand that you had more than enough of what they are offering you. However, Mexican people are very good at insisting and when they actually want to give you something or make you eat a certain food, it will be almost impossible to make them change their mind. Quick tip 2 If you are invited to a party or to a dinner in Mexico, the food portions that they will serve you are a little bit big for average people. You could use your phrase Es demasiado, but if you see everybody else is eating that amount of food you should just leave the leftovers in your dish. Nobody would mind, and you would avoid hurting someone's feelings. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 - REFUS I NG I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

26 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #5 Basic Mexican Spanish Greetings CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 5 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

27 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Buen día. 2. Buenos días. 3. Buenas tardes. 4. Buenas noches. 5. Buenas noches, que descanses. 6. Hola! ENGLISH 1. Good day. 2. Good morning. 3. Good afternoon. 4. Good night. 5. Good night, have a good rest. 6. Hello! VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #5 - BAS I C MEXI CAN S PANI S H GREETI NGS 2

28 Buen Good adjective Descanses Rest noun feminine Días Days noun masculine Buenos Good adjective que that demonstrative Día Day noun masculine hola hello noches night(s) noun feminine Buenas Good adjective Tardes Afternoon noun feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES Hoy tuve un buen día. "I had a good day today." Los días son largos. "The days are long." Buenos Aires es una ciudad mágica. "Buenos Aires is a magical city." Dicen que él que persevera alcanza. "They say he who perseveres succeeds." Claro que traigo el pan "Of course I brought the bread." Qué día es? "What day is it?" Hola, cómo estás? "Hello! How are you?" La gente dijo "hola". "The people said 'Hello.'" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #5 - BAS I C MEXI CAN S PANI S H GREETI NGS 3

29 Las noches son largas. "The nights are long." Buenas tardes Señora. "Good afternoon, Miss." Yo estudio en las tardes. "I study in the afternoon." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll cover basic greetings for the appropriate time of the day. As there are quite a few to cover, let's jump right in. We're going to start with the most useful one first. In Mexico, you can say "buen día" to greet someone during the whole day, it doesn't matter what time. Literally it means "good day," and it implies that you are wishing the person a good day. Buen día The first word, buen, means "good." The second word, día, means "day." Literally it means "Good day." If you want to be more specific and greet someone according to the time of the day, you can use the following expressions "Good morning" is Buenos días. Buenos also means "good." It's the plural form of buen The second word, días, literally means "days." But in Spanish, it implies morning. In Spanish, "Good afternoon" is Buenas tardes. Buenas also means "good." Again, this is a grammatical gender and number change. The second word, tardes, means "afternoon" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #5 - BAS I C MEXI CAN S PANI S H GREETI NGS 4

30 "Good night" is Buenas noches. This expression is both to greet and to say goodbye to someone at the end of the day. The second word, noches means "night." In Mexico, you can use this phrase before going to sleep, by adding que descanses. That would be Buenas noches, que descanses, which literally means "Good night, that you rest." It implies that you are wishing the person to have a good rest during the night. Buenas noches, que descanses. It is translated as "Good night, have a good rest." All of these expressions can be used in informal and formal situations as well. However, with friends feel free to use the classic expression Hola! Which is the most common way of saying "Hello" in Spanish. Hola! Use this word with your friends and with young people. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick Tip In Mexico, after greeting someone with any of the phrases we just learned, you usually ask cómo estás? ("How are you?"). For example: Hola, cómo estás? You don't even have to answer the question cómo estás?, if you don't feel like starting a conversation. It is just etiquette to ask how the person is. We will learn more about basic questions like cómo estás? in future lessons. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #5 - BAS I C MEXI CAN S PANI S H GREETI NGS 5

31 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #6 First Encounters in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 6 COPYRIGHT 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

32 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cómo se llama? 2. Me llamo John. 3. De dónde es usted? 4. Soy de Canadá. ENGLISH 1. What is your name? (formal) 2. I'm called John. 3. Where are you from? (formal) 4. I'm from Canada. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass cómo (Mexican) how interrogative pronoun es (Mexican) is verb me (Mexican) I, to me pronoun de (Mexican) of, from preposition se llama (Mexican) to be called verb llamo (Mexican) called verb dónde (Mexican) where interrogative pronoun S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #6 - FI RS T ENCOUNTERS I N MEXI CO 2

33 usted (Mexican) you pronoun soy (Mexican) I am verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Me duele el estómago. "My stomach hurts." Cómo se llaman aquellas chicas? "What are those girls' names?" Hola, papito! De dónde vienes? "Hey there, pops! Where are you coming from?" El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." De nada, Alex! "You're welcome, Alex!" Me llamo José Perez "My name is José Perez." Es usted Doña María Lopez? "Are you Mrs. María Lopez?" Soy maestro. "I am a teacher." GRAMMAR This lesson will teach you how to introduce yourself in Mexico and how to say where you are from. Mexican people are a very curious people, and depending on the geographical region they may be more or less sociable, but in general they are nice and hospitable. A self introduction in Spanish will be a pleasant surprise. Let's begin the lesson. Let's imagine that your name is John, and you are from Canada. You came to Mexico and met a person who asked you "What is your name?" That sounds like this in Spanish: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #6 - FI RS T ENCOUNTERS I N MEXI CO 3

34 Cómo se llama? The first word cómo means "how." The second and third words se llama are the conjugated form of the verb "to be called." It can be translated as "are you called" The answer to this question will be in our case: Me llamo John, which means "I'm called John." First, we have the little word me which means "I am." Then we have the word llamo which is the verb "to call" conjugated to the first person. And the name comes at the end. You can also answer this question with just your name. In this case, John. The next question you will usually be asked is "Where are you from?" The polite way to say "Where are you from?" is De dónde es usted? Let's hear the question one more time. First we have de, which in this case is translated as "from." Then, dónde, which means "where." Then we have es which means "is." And at the end we have the word usted, which is the formal version of "you" Our sample answer will be "I'm from Canada." In Spanish that will sound like this: Soy de Canadá. The first word soy means "I am." Next we have de which means in this case "from." And at the end we have the name of the country, in our case Canada: Canadá CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #6 - FI RS T ENCOUNTERS I N MEXI CO 4

35 There is more than one way to ask a person's name in Spanish; you can also commonly hear the question Cuál es su nombre? (literally "What's your name?") instead of Cómo se llama? (literally "What are you called?"), and in English both questions would be translated as "What is your name?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #6 - FI RS T ENCOUNTERS I N MEXI CO 5

36 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #7 Mexican Spanish Parting Expressions CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 7 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

37 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Adiós. 2. Nos vemos. 3. Nos vemos mañana. 4. Hasta luego. 5. Buen día. ENGLISH 1. Goodbye. 2. See you. 3. See you tomorrow. 4. See you later. 5. Good day. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r Adiós bye, goodbye interjection Hasta until preposition S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #7 - MEXI CAN S PANI S H PARTI NG EXPRES S I ONS 2

38 Vemos see verb Luego later adverb Nos we preposition mañana morning noun feminine Buen Good adjective Día Day noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Adiós, nos vemos. "Bye, see you." A veces tengo que trabajar hasta las 10 de la noche. Sometimes I have to work until 10 pm. A lo mejor nos vemos mañana. "Maybe we'll see each other tomorrow." Luego te hablo. "I'll call you later." Nos gusta leer. "We like to read." Nuestras tiendas abrirán de nuevo mañana en la mañana. "Our stores will open again tomorrow morning." La gente está yendo al trabajo por la mañana. "The people are commuting to work in the morning." Hoy tuve un buen día. "I had a good day today." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #7 - MEXI CAN S PANI S H PARTI NG EXPRES S I ONS 3

39 Qué día es? "What day is it?" GRAMMAR In this lesson we'll introduce parting expressions. Let's start with the common ones. A parting expression that we can use any time of the day to strangers or friends is adiós, which means "bye" or "goodbye." Another common parting expression in Mexico is Nos vemos, which literally means "we see (each other)" but it's used like the English "See you!" If you are saying goodbye to a friend or a co-worker in Mexico, you will often hear the phrase Nos vemos mañana, which means "See you tomorrow." But it does not necessarily mean that you are going to see that person tomorrow! It is just a common phrase that people use as a parting expression. The first word, nos, means "we" The second word, vemos, means "see (each other)" The last word, mañana, means "tomorrow." This means "see you tomorrow" but it technically means "see you next time" or "see you around." One more common parting expression is hasta luego, which can be translated as "see you later." But it literally means "until later." In Mexico, you can also use as a parting expression the phrase we learned before: Buen día, which means "Good day." That implies that you are saying goodbye and wishing the other person a good day. CULTURAL INSIGHT S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #7 - MEXI CAN S PANI S H PARTI NG EXPRES S I ONS 4

40 Quick tip 1 In Mexico, when you say goodbye to your friends or coworkers, you may shake hands or just wave your hand in the classic "bye-bye" form. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #7 - MEXI CAN S PANI S H PARTI NG EXPRES S I ONS 5

41 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #8 Apologies in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 8 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

42 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Disculpe. 2. Disculpa. 3. Cómo dice? 4. Con permiso. 5. Perdón. 6. Perdóneme, por favor. ENGLISH 1. Excuse me. (formal) 2. Excuse me. (informal) 3. What did you say? 4. Excuse me. (in a crowded place) 5. Sorry. 6. Forgive me, please. (formal) VOCABULARY S panish English C lass S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #8 - APOLOGI ES I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

43 Cómo how adverb Disculpe Excuse me (formal) verb por favor please phrase Con with preposition Disculpa Excuse me (informal) verb Dice say verb Permiso permission noun Perdón Forgive verb Perdóname Forgive me (informal) verb Perdóneme Forgive me (formal) verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Disculpe joven, nos toma la orden? "Excuse me sir, will you take our order?" Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." Él caminaba con miedo. "He was walking with fear." Disculpa la tardanza. "Excuse me for being late." El libro dice eso. "The book says that." Él entró sin permiso. "He entered without permission." Te pido perdón. "I ask you to forgive me." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #8 - APOLOGI ES I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

44 Perdóname por llegar tarde. "Forgive me for being late." Perdóneme por la molestia. "Forgive me for bothering you." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll cover phrases used for apologizing. Since you haven't quite mastered Spanish, it's probably a good idea to go over the phrases for apologizing, as they are likely to come in handy. The most common form of apologising is disculpe which is equivalent to the English "excuse me." Literally disculpar is a verb that means "un-guilt." If you know the person, and you want to sound more friendly, you just have to change the verb a little. It will become: Disculpa. One of the most common ways of saying "What did you say?" in Spanish is Cómo dice? The first word cómo means "what." Then we have dice, which in English is the verb "to say" conjugated. This expression can be used when you didn't get what the person just said to you, and you need them to repeat the answer. If you need to excuse yourself while trying to get around in a crowded place, you can say Con permiso, which literally means "with (your) permission." The translation would be "excuse me" too, but in this case the situation is different. If you want to be very apologetic, or if you're concerned you've just offended or hurt someone, you can say Perdón or Perdóneme, por favor. Literally, these phrases mean "Sorry" or "Forgive (me)" and "Forgive me, please." The first word, perdóneme, is a form of the verb perdonar which means "to forgive." And the S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #8 - APOLOGI ES I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

45 word includes the pronoun me, which means "me." Por favor means "please" If you are talking to someone you know, and you don't want to be that formal, you can say Perdóname, instead of Perdóneme. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 No matter how simple it may be, saying you're sorry is always polite. Yet you need to know that the short version disculpe is the most familiar among all. When moving past people in a crowd or at the market or when leaving a room with people still in it, Con permiso is a proper way of excusing yourself. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #8 - APOLOGI ES I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

46 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #9 Use English to Your Advantage in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 9 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

47 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Habla inglés? 2. Hablas inglés? 3. Habla francés? 4. Habla alemán? 5. Sí, hablo inglés. 6. No, no hablo inglés. ENGLISH 1. Do you speak English? (formal) 2. Do you speak English? (informal) 3. Do you speak French? (formal) 4. Do you speak German? (formal) 5. Yes, I speak English. 6. No, I don't speak English. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #9 - US E ENGLI S H TO YOUR ADVANTAGE I N MEXI CO 2

48 Habla (you) speak. Formal verb Alemán German noun masculine Hablas (you) speak. Informal verb sí yes adverb Inglés English noun masculine Francés French noun masculine Hablo (I) speak verb no no adverb SAMPLE SENTENCES Tu hijo ya habla? "Does your son speak already?" El idioma alemán es fácil. "The German language is easy." Hablas bien el inglés. "You speak good English." Sí, vamos. "Yes, let's go." El idioma inglés es dificíl. "The English language is difficult." Él habla francés. "He speaks French." Yo no hablo francés. "I do not speak French." No me digas. "Do not tell me." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll cover another extremely important phrase: "Do you speak English?" Using S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #9 - US E ENGLI S H TO YOUR ADVANTAGE I N MEXI CO 3

49 this phrase is important for many reasons. For one, if the person you're speaking to doesn't understand English, at least they'll be able to understand what you're asking. Furthermore, it shows a lot of respect on your part, because you've made an effort to learn even a little bit of the language. For these reasons and many more, we're going to cover this very important phrase. In Spanish, "Do you speak English?" is Habla inglés? Habla is a form of the verb hablar which in English is translated as "to speak" or "to talk." And it includes the pronoun "you," in the formal mode. And the last word, inglés, means "English" While talking to young people or people you already know, you can use a more friendly way to ask this question: Hablas inglés? As you may have noticed, the difference between the two expressions is just a letter s, but you have to pay attention because it completely changes the formality level. Hablas inglés? Now for a change, let's try different languages, since in Mexico City you may find people from different countries, like Germany, France, Korea, China, Japan, Brazil, and so on. "Do you speak French?" is Habla francés? Now let's try with "German." The word for "German" in Spanish is alemán. So the full sentence will be: Habla alemán? When you ask the question "Do you speak English?" in Spanish there is a big possibility that you will get the answer in Spanish. Here are few ways of answering this question. "Yes, I speak English" would be Sí, hablo inglés. The first word, sí, means "yes." After this comes hablo which means "I speak." Finally, we have inglés, which means English. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #9 - US E ENGLI S H TO YOUR ADVANTAGE I N MEXI CO 4

50 This phrase could be made shorter, just by saying Sí. If the answer is negative, Mexican people may say "No, I don't speak English": No, no hablo inglés. The first word, no means "no." Next we have hablo: "I speak." And finally the word inglés which means "English." Sometimes, people will answer only with "no," which in Spanish is No. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 The number of English speakers in Mexico is quite big, especially among the younger generation and in the main cities (like Mexico City or Monterrey). Mexican people will make an effort to speak English. And in a hotel or in any tourist attraction, it's common to find people that speak English. But as you know, nothing is more helpful than knowing the native language of the country you are visiting, so let's keep studying these Survival Phrases! S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #9 - US E ENGLI S H TO YOUR ADVANTAGE I N MEXI CO 5

51 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #10 "I Don't Understand" in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 3 Cultural Insight # 10 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

52 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. No entiendo. 2. No entiendo español. 3. No hablo español. ENGLISH 1. I don't understand. 2. I don't understand Spanish. 3. I don't speak Spanish. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r no no adverb Hablo (I) speak verb Entiendo (I) understand verb Español Spanish noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES No me digas. "Do not tell me." Yo no hablo francés. "I do not speak French." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #10 - "I DON'T UNDERS TAND" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

53 Entiendo lo que dices. "I understand what you are saying." Español es una lengua interesante. "Spanish is an interesting language." GRAMMAR In this lesson we shall see a very useful phrase meaning "I don't understand." It is useful, of course, because many times you won't immediately pick up on what people are saying. In Spanish, "I don't understand" is No entiendo. The first word no means "no" Next we have entiendo a conjugated form of the verb "to understand," meaning "I understand." The low level of Spanish knowledge may be one of the reasons for not understanding. In this case, say No entiendo español. This expression is translated in English as "I don't understand Spanish" The only new word here is español, which means "Spanish" Another way to tell them that you don't understand their language is "I don't speak Spanish," No hablo español. We are already familiar with the first word no. This is followed by hablo, which is a form of the verb "to speak," meaning "I speak" Next we have español the word for "Spanish." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Don't be afraid to say No entiendo. Mexican people will do their best to make themselves understood. Don't forget about the question "do you speak English?" which in Spanish is S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #10 - "I DON'T UNDERS TAND" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

54 Habla inglés? This will help you a lot to communicate with the people in Mexico. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #10 - "I DON'T UNDERS TAND" I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

55 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #11 Can You Say it Again in Mexican Spanish? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 11 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

56 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Me lo podría repetir, por favor? 2. Dígalo otra vez, por favor. 3. Me puede hablar más despacio, por favor. ENGLISH 1. Could you repeat it, please. (formal) 2. Say again, please.(formal) 3. Can you speak slower, please.(formal) VOCABULARY S panish English C lass despacio slowly adjective me I, to me pronoun por favor please phrase más more adjective podría could you verb dígalo say verb lo that preposition repetir repeat verb otra vez once again phrase S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #11 - CAN YOU S AY I T AGAI N I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H? 2

57 hablar speak verb puede could you verb despacio slow, slowly adverb SAMPLE SENTENCES Siempre manejas despacio. "You always drive slowly." Me duele el estómago. "My stomach hurts." Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." Quiero más helado. "I want more ice cream." Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" Dígalo más despacio. "Say it more slowly." Lo tengo claro. "I have that clear." Tengo que repetir la tarea. "I have to repeat the homework." Él va a trabajar otra vez. "He will work once again." Habla japonés? "Do you speak Japanese?" Puede guardar silencio, por favor. "Could you be silent, please." Vamos despacio! "Let's go slowly!" GRAMMAR Usually Mexican people make an effort to speak English with foreigners. But sometimes, for S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #11 - CAN YOU S AY I T AGAI N I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H? 3

58 various reasons, you may not catch all or any of the words they are saying. Either their English is not good enough or, if they are speaking to you in Spanish, their native speed might be a problem. When this happens, asking the speaker to say it again can make the difference between understanding a crucial piece of information and spending the rest of the day trying to figure out what it was. The following phrase will not only give you a better sense of the language, but will also help you tune your ear! In Spanish, "Could you repeat it, please?" is Me lo podría repetir, por favor? The first word Me is translated as "to me" Then we have lo, which literally means "it." And it refers to whatever the person just said to you. It's followed by Podría, which means "could you." Next is repetir which is a verb that means "to repeat." After this comes an expression that we've mentioned before, meaning "please": Por favor. You can also say "Say it again, please.": Dígalo otra vez, por favor. The first word, Dígalo, can be translated as "say it." Next we have otra, which means "other" or "another." Then vez which means "time." Together with otra, it means "one more time." And at the end, we have the expression Por favor meaning "please." When the reason for not understanding is the speed, you may want to say "Can you speak slower, please." In Spanish: Me puede hablar más despacio, por favor. First we have the word Me meaning "to me" again. Then the word puede, which means "can you." Next we have the word, hablar, meaning "to talk." It's followed by más, that means "more" And despacio means "slow" or "slowly." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #11 - CAN YOU S AY I T AGAI N I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H? 4

59 Finally we have Por favor. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 If you happen to be lost, you can always find a police officer or a taxi driver in the streets. If you are around a tourist area, it's a good idea to stop in stores, restaurants or cafés nearby and ask the staff for directions, since they tend to be familiar with the neighborhood and are accustomed to dealing with tourist. Another good thing to do if you're having a hard time recalling your phrases is trying to talk to the younger people, since they tend to speak more English. If you decide to hold a conversation in Spanish and find yourself not understanding some parts, simply say Me lo podría repetir, por favor? Quick tip 2 In Spanish there is no rule about where to put "please." You can add it at the beginning or at the end; both are grammatically correct: Por favor, me lo podría repetir? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #11 - CAN YOU S AY I T AGAI N I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H? 5

60 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #12 Where Is the Bathroom? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 3 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 12 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

61 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. En dónde está el baño? 2. En dónde está el baño de mujeres? 3. En dónde está el baño de hombres? 4. Mujeres. 5. Señoras. 6. Hombres. 7. Señores. 8. En dónde está el baño más cercano? ENGLISH 1. Where is the bathroom? 2. Where is the ladies' room? 3. Where is the mens' room? 4. Women's. 5. Women's. (ladies') 6. Men's. CONT'D OVER S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #12 - WHERE I S THE BATHROOM? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

62 7. Men's. (gentlemen') 8. Where is the nearest toilet? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r dónde where interrogative pronoun cercano close adjective baño bathroom noun masculine está is, to be located (3rd person singular) verb señores gentlemen noun masculine el the article más more adjective señoras ladies noun feminine mujeres women noun feminine hombres men noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Hola, papito! De dónde vienes? "Hey there, pops! Where are you coming from?" El restaurante más cercano es éste. "This is the closest restaurant." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #12 - WHERE I S THE BATHROOM? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

63 Muestrame el baño. "Show me the bathroom." Eduardo está en España ahora. "Eduardo is in Spain now." Los señores juegan tenis. "The gentlemen play tennis." El niño tiene dos años. "The kid is two years old." Quiero más helado. "I want more ice cream." Las señoras se reúnen en esta habitación. "The ladies meet in this room." Hay más mujeres que hombres. "There are more women than men." Hay más mujeres que hombres. "There are more women than men." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll cover an extremely important phrase "Where is the bathroom?" In Spanish "Where is the bathroom?" is En dónde está el baño? You can use this expression when you are invited to someone's home, or when you are in a restaurant, mall, or any other commercial establishment. Let's take a closer look at that. The first two words, En dónde, mean "where." This is followed by está, which is a present tense form of the verb "to stay" or "to be located." And last we have el baño. That means "the bathroom." If you are looking for the ladies' room, just take the phrase we just learned En dónde está el baño? and add at the end the phrase de mujeres. It will sound like this: En dónde está el baño de mujeres? De mujeres means "of ladies'" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #12 - WHERE I S THE BATHROOM? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

64 If you are looking for the mens' room, just replace the words de mujeres which mean "of ladies'" with de hombres meaning "of men." So the sentence will be: En dónde está el baño de hombres? Let's hear both of the sentences one more time: En dónde está el baño de mujeres? En dónde está el baño de hombres? There might be restrooms in Mexico where words are written on the doors. In this case, all you have to do it read the words. Let's learn them. The word Mujeres, or Señoras indicates "women." The word Hombres, or Señores is for "men." In Mexico, it may not be always simple to find a bathroom. Especially if you are on the street you will definitely want to ask "Where is the nearest toilet?" In Spanish that is translated as: En dónde está el baño más cercano? The new words in this sentence are más cercano which is translated in English as "nearest" or "closest." Let's hear the whole sentence again. En dónde está el baño más cercano? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 We already covered the apologising words and expressions in a previous lesson. Before asking where is the toilet, it is appropriate to say "excuse me." In a situation like this you can say in Spanish disculpe, and after that ask En dónde está el baño? or En dónde está el S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #12 - WHERE I S THE BATHROOM? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

65 baño más cercano? Quick tip 2 In Mexico the best and quickest solution for finding a bathroom is to stop by at the nearest café, restaurant, mall or supermarket. Understandably you will have to order or buy something if you choose to stop by the café or restaurant, since it is impolite to stop by just to use the bathroom. But if you find a mall or a supermarket on your way, you can easily just stop by to use the restroom. Another option is to use a public bathroom, but they are usually dirty and you'll probably have to wait in line. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #12 - WHERE I S THE BATHROOM? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 6

66 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #13 Mexican Restaurant, Part 1: How Many People? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 13 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

67 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Bienvenido. 2. Cuántas personas son? 3. Somos dos. 4. Sólo yo. ENGLISH 1. Welcome. 2. How many people are you? 3. We are two. 4. Just me. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r bienvenido welcome phrase sólo only pronoun, adjective personas people/persons noun feminine dos two numeral cuántas how many adverb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #13 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 1: HOW MANY PEOPLE? 2

68 Yo I pronoun somos we are verb son are verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Eres bienvenido. "You are welcome." A ti sólo te importa tu novio. "All that's important to you is your boyfriend." Las personas están en la habitación. "The people are in the room." Hay dos gatos en el árbol. "There are two cats on the tree." Cuántas niñas hay en el parque? "How many girls are there in the park?" Yo me llamo Iván. "I am called Ivan." Somos viejos. "We are old." Comer, beber y respirar son necesidades de cada persona. "Eating, drinking, and breathing are necessities of any person." GRAMMAR Mexico is famous for its tasty food and drinks. There is a wide variety of Mexican dishes, and your job as a visitor is to try as many different meals as possible! However, before you start eating, you have to get to the table! In this lesson, we'll cover getting to the table in a restaurant. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #13 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 1: HOW MANY PEOPLE? 3

69 When entering a Mexican restaurant, you will be greeted with Bienvenido, which is translated as "welcome" This word means literally "welcome" When you enter a restaurant a waiter or waitress will come and greet you, and ask you the question "How many people are you?" In Spanish this is Cuántas personas son? The first word, cuántas, means "how many?" After this comes personas, which means "people." Last we have son which means "are." Now let's learn how to answer. You might tell the waiter or waitress somos dos, which in English means "We're two." The first word, somos, means "we are." The pronoun here is omitted. After this comes dos, the number two. Let's take a look at some of the numbers you might need here, from two to five: 2 dos 3 tres 4 cuatro 5 cinco If you are just one person, say Sólo yo, the literal translation of this is "only me" or "just me." The first word, sólo, means "only". Note that the same word without the accent solo means "alone". After this we have yo which is translated as "I" or "me." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #13 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 1: HOW MANY PEOPLE? 4

70 Eating tasty food is always a great pleasure. Mexican cuisine is a unique mixture of flavors, spices and fresh ingredients; it's always presented in colorful and aromatic dishes. Sounds tempting, doesn't it? So don't be afraid of trying new things, even if your Spanish level is not that advanced yet. There is a great chance that the restaurant staff, in the tourist areas of Mexico, will be able to speak English. You should use the Survival Phrases you have learned and have fun exploring Mexico. Quick tip 2 The word for restaurant is restaurante, written almost the same but pronounced differently. There are also places where you can drink coffee and eat small meals called caféterías. For other other types of drinks, just like you are familiar with, the place is called Bar or Cantina. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #13 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 1: HOW MANY PEOPLE? 5

71 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #14 Mexican Restaurant, Part 2: Reserving a Table CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Vocabulary Phrase Usage 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 14 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

72 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Quiero hacer una reservación para esta noche. 2. Para cuántas personas? 3. Para tres personas. 4. A qué hora? 5. A las ocho. ENGLISH 1. I would like to make a reservation for tonight. 2. For how many people? 3. For three people. 4. For what time? 5. For eight o'clock. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r quiero (I) want verb para for, to preposition S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #14 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 2: RES ERVI NG A TABLE 2

73 tres three numeral una a, one article feminine noches night(s) noun feminine hacer to do verb reservación reservation noun feminine cuántas how many adverb feminine a at, to preposition personas people/persons noun feminine qué what adverb SAMPLE SENTENCES Quiero un café. "I want a coffee." Voy para París. "I am going to Paris." Son tres niños. "There are three kids." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Las noches son largas. "The nights are long." Tengo mucho trabajo que hacer! "I have so much work to do!" No tengo reservación. "I don't have a reservation." Cuántas niñas hay en el parque? "How many girls are there in the park?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #14 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 2: RES ERVI NG A TABLE 3

74 A la una de la tarde. "At one p.m." Las personas están en la habitación. "The people are in the room." De qué estás hablando? "What are you talking about?" Qué quieres? "What do you want?" VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE GRAMMAR In the last lesson, we learned how to get a table at a restaurant, but you have to know that sometimes it can be difficult to get a seat, especially on the weekends or in famous restaurants. The best thing to do is to make a reservation for the time you want to eat. In this lesson, we'll cover making a reservation at a restaurant. Normally, you will make a phone call to reserve a table. You would say "I would like to make a reservation for tonight." Quiero hacer una reservación para esta noche. The first word, quiero is translated as "I would like." Literally it means "would like." In Spanish the subject is not necessary in this sentence. Next we have the words hacer, which is translated in English as "to make". Now the thing we want to make, una reservación, which clearly means "a reservation." Next we have para which means "for." The last phrase esta noche means "this night." This is how people say "tonight" in Mexico: Normally you'll be asked "For how many people?" and "What time would you like a table?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #14 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 2: RES ERVI NG A TABLE 4

75 "For how many people?" in Spanish is: Para cuántas personas? Let's say you want to reserve a table for three. You'll answer: "For three people" Para tres personas. First we have para, which means "for" Next we have tres, which means "three." Personas means "people" or "persons." Finally, they will ask you the time of your reservation: A qué hora? Let's say you want to reserve a table at eight o'clock. You will say "At eight o'clock." In Spanish that is: A las ocho. First we have A las, which means "at." Next we have ocho, which means "eight." When you want to be more specific with this sentence you can add de la noche ("at night"), de la tarde ("in the afternoon") or de la mañana ("in the morning"). CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Mexico is one of the main beer producers in the world. If you drink alcohol, and you like beer, you don't want to miss tasting the wide variety of Mexican beers. You will find a list of alcoholic beverages on most menus. If you are surrounded by Mexican friends, you will be expected to drink with them. Not drinking sometimes is taken as an insult, especially when the people who invited you bought the drink. If you don't drink alcohol, don't worry, you can refuse it as we learned in a previous lesson. Quick tip 2 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #14 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 2: RES ERVI NG A TABLE 5

76 Taking in consideration that restaurants usually close at 11:00 pm, the last order is taken at 10:30 pm. Bars are usually open until 01:00 am or 02:00 am during weekdays and until 04:00 am on weekends. Clubs and discos close at 05:00 am, in general. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #14 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 2: RES ERVI NG A TABLE 6

77 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #15 Mexican Restaurant, Part 3: Smoking or Non-Smoking? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 15 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

78 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Disculpe, Está permitido fumar aquí? 2. Sí, está permitido. 3. No, no está permitido. 4. Tiene mesa para fumadores? 5. Sí, tenemos. 6. No, no tenemos. ENGLISH 1. Excuse me, is smoking allowed here? 2. Yes, smoking is allowed. 3. No, smoking is not allowed. 4. Do you have a table for smokers? 5. Yes, we have. 6. No, we don't have. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #15 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 3: S MOKI NG OR NON-S MOKI NG? 2

79 tenemos (we) have verb fumadores smokers noun masculine disculpe excuse me (formal) expression aquí here preposition para for, to preposition permitido allowed adverb sí yes adverb está is, to be located (3rd person singular) verb fumar to smoke verb no no adverb mesa table noun feminine tiene (he, she, it, you *formal) have verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Tenemos tiempo. "We have time." No hay mesa para fumadores. "There are no tables for smokers" Disculpe joven, nos toma la orden? "Excuse me sir, will you take our order?" Aquí está. "Here it is." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #15 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 3: S MOKI NG OR NON-S MOKI NG? 3

80 Voy para París. "I am going to Paris." No está permitido correr. "It is not allowed to run." Sí, vamos. "Yes, let's go." Eduardo está en España ahora. "Eduardo is in Spain now." Voy a fumar. "I am going to smoke." No me digas. "Do not tell me." El vaso se cayó de la mesa. "The glass fell from the table." Tiene un perro. "He has a dog." GRAMMAR In the last lesson, we learned how to make a reservation in a restaurant. Now that you know how to get a table, you have another big issue to tackle. If you want to enjoy your meal, the smoking issue is very important. If you are a smoker in a non-smoking establishment or a nonsmoker in a smoking establishment, this could ruin your meal. In this lesson, we'll cover how to ask for a smoking or non-smoking table. First we will imagine that you are a smoker. Before entering a restaurant, you need to ask, "Excuse me, is smoking allowed here?": Disculpe, Está permitido fumar aquí? Disculpe, as we have learned before, means "Excuse me." We follow this with Está permitido which is translated as "is permitted." And next is fumar, which means "to smoke." The last word, aquí, means "here." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #15 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 3: S MOKI NG OR NON-S MOKI NG? 4

81 The answer to this question is simple: Sí, está permitido ("Yes, smoking is allowed") or No, no está permitido ("No, smoking is not allowed"). Now let's imagine you smoke. When you come to Mexico you should ask: "Do you have a table for smokers?" Tiene mesa para fumadores? Tiene is a form of the verb "to have" Mesa means "table." Para means "for." And the word fumadores is translated as "smokers." Now let's go over the possible answers to this question. If it's a positive answer, you might hear Sí, tenemos. And if the answer is negative No, no tenemos. In these expressions, Sí means "yes", No means "no" and Tenemos is a conjugated form of the verb meaning "to have." When the answer is negative, you may also hear perdón which means "we are sorry" attached to No tenemos. The phrase will sound like this: Perdón, no tenemos. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico, there are some cities like Mexico City, with strict smoking regulations, in which smoking is forbidden in public locals and places, like restaurants, coffee shops, museums, parks, hospitals, and so on. But there are some exceptions, like clubs and bars, so it's better to make sure and ask using the phrases you just learned in this lesson. Quick tip 2 If you don't smoke and you don't like to eat surrounded by smoke, another option is to look for S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #15 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 3: S MOKI NG OR NON-S MOKI NG? 5

82 the signs on the wall that reads "smoking section" (sección de fumadores) or "non smoking section" (sección de no fumadores). S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #15 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 3: S MOKI NG OR NON-S MOKI NG? 6

83 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #16 Mexican Restaurant, Part 4: Placing an Order CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 16 COPYRIGHT 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

84 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Puedo ver el menú, por favor? 2. El menú, por favor. 3. Qué le gustaría beber? 4. Cerveza y enchiladas, por favor. ENGLISH 1. May I see the menu, please? 2. The menu, please. 3. What would you like to drink? 4. Beer and enchiladas, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r puedo may I verb le To you preposition cerveza beer noun feminine menú menu noun masculine gustaría would like verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #16 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 4 : PLACI NG AN ORDER 2

85 ver watch, see verb qué what adverb beber drink verb refresco soda noun masculine agua water noun feminine por favor please phrase SAMPLE SENTENCES Puedo ayudarle? "May I help you?" Le daré las gracias. "I will thank you." No me gusta la cerveza. "I don't like beer." Hay un menú nuevo. "There is a new menu." Le gustaría ver el menú? "Would you like to see the menu?" Dejame ver. "Let me see." Los fans están viendo un juego. "The fans are watching a game." De qué estás hablando? "What are you talking about?" Qué quieres? "What do you want?" Qué le gusta beber? "What would you like to drink?" No tomes más refresco. "Do not drink more soda." Puedo tener un poco de agua, por favor? "Can I have some water, please?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #16 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 4 : PLACI NG AN ORDER 3

86 Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." GRAMMAR Finally, you've got a seat at a table. Now it's time to order! In this lesson, we'll cover how to ask for a menu and then order your food and drinks. Normally you have to catch the waiter's attention, perhaps by raising your right hand a bit. Then you'll ask for a menu by saying: Puedo ver el menú, por favor? Puedo means "may I" or "can I" Ver is the verb "to see" El means "the." And Menú means "menu." And por favor means "please." If you want to say a simpler sentence, you can say: El menú, por favor. In most of the cases, the waiter or waitress will begin by asking what you'd like to drink: Qué le gustaría beber? Qué is how you say "what" in Spanish. Le gustaría is a form of the Spanish verb "to like" which means "would you like to" Beber means "to drink." Now let's take a look at some typical drinks that Mexican restaurants might have: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #16 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 4 : PLACI NG AN ORDER 4

87 Agua ("water") Refresco ("soda") Cerveza ("beer") Vino ("wine") Once you have looked at the menu, you can finally call the waiter for the order. Now let's take a look at some typical dishes you might find on a Mexican menu. They are very common and you should not miss out on them if you come to Mexico. Tacos (soft tortilla filled commonly with meat) Enchiladas (filled fried tortilla cooked in chilli sauce) Quesadillas (grilled tortilla with cheese) When you order in Mexico, you can just say the name of the dish you want and add por favor, which means "please." Let's say you want to order a beer and "enchiladas." You should say to the waiter: Cerveza y enchiladas, por favor. In this sentence the word y means "and." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 As you may know Mexican cuisine is rich in carbs and fat. But you can also find really healthy dishes, for example: grilled fish and meat are really common. And you can also find delicious and healthy salads. So you should go ahead and explore Mexican restaurants, making use of the new phrases you have learned. Quick tip 2 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #16 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 4 : PLACI NG AN ORDER 5

88 If you want to try something that looks good on the menu, but you don't know how to pronounce it, you can just point it and say: esto, por favor. That means "this please." And since most of the menus have pictures on them, you will have many more choices. Quick tip 3 Mexican cuisine is known to be spicy, and that is not just a myth. If you can not tolerate spicy food, you should avoid adding any salsa (spicy sauce). You will find spicy sauces in every single restaurant you visit in Mexico. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #16 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 4 : PLACI NG AN ORDER 6

89 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #17 Mexican Restaurant, Part 5: Asking for the Check CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 17 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

90 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Le gustaría ordenar algo más? 2. No, gracias. 3. La cuenta, por favor. ENGLISH 1. Would you like anything else? 2. No, thank you. 3. Check, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r le To you preposition la the article feminine más more adjective algo Some/something pronoun gustaría would like verb cuenta Account, check noun feminine ordenar to order verb refresco soda noun masculine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #17 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 5: AS KI NG FOR THE CHECK 2

91 cerveza beer noun feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES Le daré las gracias. "I will thank you." La cerveza estaba fría. "The beer was cold." Quiero más helado. "I want more ice cream." Quiero algo de beber. "I want something to drink." Le gustaría ver el menú? "Would you like to see the menu?" La cuenta es muy cara. "The check is very expensive." Voy a ordenar las bebidas. "I will order the beverages." No tomes más refresco. "Do not drink more soda." No me gusta la cerveza. "I don't like beer." GRAMMAR In the last lesson, we learned how to get a waiter's attention and order food and drinks at a restaurant. Once you have the drinks and meals you ordered, you can enjoy the mouthwatering meal. Normally, when the waiter sees that you have finished, they will come to your table and ask in a nice manner, "Would you like anything else?" In Spanish this is Le gustaría ordenar algo más? In this sentence, le gustaría is a form of the verb which in English is translated as "to like," and it means "would you like." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #17 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 5: AS KI NG FOR THE CHECK 3

92 Ordenar means "to order" And algo means "some" or"something" The last word, más, means "more." If you don't want to order anything else, say No, gracias. You may recall that no means "no" and gracias means "thank you." When you're ready to leave, you'll want to ask for the check. In Spanish, "Check, please!" is La cuenta, por favor. La cuenta literally means "the account," but is translated in English as "the check." And after that we have por favor, an expression that you already know. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico people usually leave the restaurant after paying. Sitting longer means you want to order something else. Quick tip 2 Tipping in Mexico is just as normal and important as it is in most other countries. All waiters, staff, attendants, secretaries, and clerks earn a wage but it's usually very low and tips supplement their income. The tip in Mexico is about 5 to 10% of the total bill. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #17 - MEXI CAN RES TAURANT, PART 5: AS KI NG FOR THE CHECK 4

93 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #18 Counting 0-10 in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 6 Cultural Insight # 18 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

94 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Una mujer. 2. Un hombre. 3. Dos mujeres. 4. Dos hombres. 5. Una botella de tequila, por favor. 6. Un paquete de dulces de leche, por favor. ENGLISH 1. One woman. 2. One man. 3. Two women. 4. Two men. 5. One bottle of tequila, please. 6. One packet of milk candies, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #18 - COUNTI NG 0-10 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

95 dulce sweet adjective leche milk noun feminine tequila tequila noun masculine una a, one article feminine hombre man noun masculine un a, one article masculine dos two numeral mujer woman noun feminine tres three numeral de of, from preposition botella bottle noun feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES Me gustan los sabores dulces. "I like sweet flavors." La leche está caliente. "The milk is hot." Me gusta el tequila. "I like tequila." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." El hombre y la mujer están cargando una alfombra. "The man and woman are carrying a carpet." Tengo un amigo. "I have a friend." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #18 - COUNTI NG 0-10 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

96 Hay dos gatos en el árbol. "There are two cats on the tree." La mujer está dibujando un diagrama en la pizarra. "The woman is drawing a diagram on the whiteboard." Son tres niños. "There are three kids." De nada, Alex! "You're welcome, Alex!" Ellos se terminaron cincuenta botellas de cerveza en una noche. "They finished fifty bottles of beer in one night." Quiero una botella de vino tinto, por favor. "I want a bottle of red wine, please." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we're going to cover counting zero through ten. When it comes to numbers, the Spanish language has some unique characteristics, but there is nothing difficult about them. Let's see what is all about. 0 Cero. 1 Un. If the thing you're counting is feminine, you say: 1 Una. 2 Dos. 3 Tres. 4 Cuatro. 5 Cinco. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #18 - COUNTI NG 0-10 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

97 6 Seis. 7 Siete. 8 Ocho. 9 Nueve. 10 Diez. As I already said, only the number 1 changes depending on the gender of what you're counting. The words for number one are Un for counting masculine objects and Una for feminine objects. Let's hear them again: Un Una For example, "one woman" in Spanish will be: una mujer And "one man" will be: un hombre. The translation for "two women" is: Dos mujeres. Two men would be Dos hombres. Let's hear the counting for feminine words again. Una mujer. Dos mujeres. Now for masculine: Un hombre. Dos hombres. Numbers are extremely useful, especially when you're shopping. Now let's imagine you buy one bottle of tequila. You would say: "One bottle of tequila, please." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #18 - COUNTI NG 0-10 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

98 Una botella de tequila, por favor. Una, as you already know is the feminine form of the number "one." Botella means "bottle." De means "of." And tequila is a Mexican alcoholic beverage. At the end, we have por favor, which is translated as "please." Now let's imagine you want to buy some delicious dulces de leche, a traditional Mexican sweet, which is a caramelized milk candy. The phrase will sound like this: Un paquete de dulces de leche, por favor. The English translation will be: "One packet of milk candies, please." Un means "one." Paquete means "package." De means "of" Dulces de leche literally means "milk sweets" or "milk candies." At the end there is Por favor which means "please." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 When you come to Mexico you definitely must taste the dulce de leche, it is a sweet traditionally Mexican candy which mainly is made of: milk, sugar, butter and vanilla. There are many variations, some of them including peanuts, pine nuts or cinnamon. We recommend you try as many as you can. You can find this typical sweet in any tourist area, they even sell traditional Mexican sweets in the airport. So go ahead and use the phrases you just learned, and have fun exploring Mexican traditions! S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #18 - COUNTI NG 0-10 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 6

99 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #19 Counting to 100 in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 6 Cultural Insight # 19 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

100 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Yo tengo veintiún años. 2. Tengo cincuenta y tres pesos. ENGLISH 1. I am twenty-one years old. 2. I have fifty-three pesos. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r tengo (I) have verb veintiún twenty-one number años Years noun masculine cincuenta y tres Fifty three number masculine pesos pesos noun masculine Yo I pronoun SAMPLE SENTENCES Tengo un gato. "I have a cat." Compré veintiún libros. "I purchased twenty-one books." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #19 - COUNTI NG TO 100 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

101 He trabajado dos años. "I have worked two years." Mi papá tiene cincuenta y tres años. "My father is fifty three years old." Son diez pesos. "It is ten pesos." Yo me llamo Iván. "I am called Ivan." GRAMMAR In this lesson we're going to continue with counting from 11 to 100. Let's just quickly review cero 1 un una if the thing you're counting is feminine 2 dos 3 tres 4 cuatro 5 cinco 6 seis 7 siete 8 ocho 9 nueve 10 diez Now let's continue with 11 to 20. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #19 - COUNTI NG TO 100 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

102 11 once 12 doce 13 trece 14 catorce 15 quince 16 dieciseis 17 diecisiete 18 dieciocho 19 diecinueve 20 veinte You probably noticed that from the number 16 to 19 the beginning of the words sound similar. Dieci implies "ten" (diez) and the word "and" (y). The spelling changes in both words, to get the word dieciseis, diecisiete, and so on. That would literally means "ten and six," "ten and seven," and so on. This will help you remember those numbers. After that, we have the numbers for 20, 30, 40, and so on. Let's look at 20 first. 20 veinte 30 treinta 40 cuarenta 50 cincuenta 60 sesenta 70 setenta 80 ochenta 90 noventa S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #19 - COUNTI NG TO 100 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

103 Finally, we have cien, which is "one hundred." 100 cien Now that we've learned the tens, let's learn counting the numbers that are in between. 21 is veintiuno, and is composed of the words: veinte - "twenty" y - "and" and uno - "one." The whole number veintiuno is literally translated as "twenty and one," and is the number 21. Let's make a sentence using this number now. "I am 21 years old." Yo tengo veintiún años. First we have yo which means "I." Next we have tengo meaning "have" The next word, veintiún, as we learned before, means "twenty-one." This word is spelled a little bit differently, fit into the context of the sentence. This happens often in Spanish, but don't worry, you will get used to it little by little. In this case, we know that uno means "one" and since we are "counting" the years a person has lived, we use un, just like we learned in the last lesson, un hombre, "one man." Another change you might notice if you see this written down is the accent over the letter u (ú). In Spanish, there are specific rules that indicate when to write an accent and when to omit it. Again, you don't need to worry about that now. The last word, años, means "years." Let's try saying another number in Spanish, "fifty-three." "Fifty" is cincuenta and "three" is tres. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #19 - COUNTI NG TO 100 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

104 Putting them together, we have cincuenta y tres: "fifty-three. As you can see, in this case we have three separate words, instead of combining them into one. After the number thirty (treinta), you will write them separatly. Let's use cincuenta y tres to say "I have fifty-three pesos": Tengo cincuenta y tres pesos. Tengo is translated as "I have." Here, the "I" was omitted. We just learned that cincuenta y tres means "fifty-three." The next word is pesos, the Mexican currency. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip Shopping in Mexico can be a pleasant experience, since you may find that the prices are cheaper compared to other countries. The Spanish way to count will be very useful, especially when shopping in local markets. In other places, like tourist areas or big malls, it's more likely that you'll be able to use English. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #19 - COUNTI NG TO 100 I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 6

105 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #20 How Much? in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 20 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

106 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cuánto cuesta? 2. Cuánto es? 3. Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta esta camisa? 4. Cuál es el precio de estos zapatos? ENGLISH 1. How much does it cost? 2. How much is it? 3. Excuse me, how much is this shirt? 4. What is the price of these shoes? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r es is verb el the article camisa shirt noun feminine disculpe excuse me (formal) expression zapatos shoes noun S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #20 - HOW MUCH? I N MEXI CO 2

107 esta this pronoun feminine estos these pronoun masculine cuál what interrogative pronoun precio price noun masculine cuesta to cost (3rd person singular) verb cuánto how much interrogative pronoun masculine de of, from preposition SAMPLE SENTENCES El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." El niño tiene dos años. "The kid is two years old." Tengo una camisa nueva. "I have a new shirt." Disculpe joven, nos toma la orden? "Excuse me sir, will you take our order?" Los zapatos están viejos. "The shoes are old." Esta tarde iré al doctor. "This afternoon I am going to the doctor." Estos libros son pesados. "These books are heavy." Cuál es tu dirección? "What is your address?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #20 - HOW MUCH? I N MEXI CO 3

108 El precio es 10 pesos. "The price is 10 pesos." Eso cuesta muy caro. "That cost too much" Cuánto trabajo tienes? "How much work do you have?" De nada, Alex! "You're welcome, Alex!" GRAMMAR Now it's time for some useful Survival Phrases for when you decide to go shopping in Mexico. The first thing you say to a shop clerk is disculpe ("excuse me") is the apology phrase that we learned in our earlier lessons. After that you will want to ask "How much is it?" In Spanish, we say Cuánto cuesta? In this question cuánto means "how much." Cuesta is translated literally as "cost," and in this case means "does it cost." If you want to know the total of what you are buying, not the cost of a single article, you would say Cuánto es?, which means "how much is it?" Cuanto, means "how much." Es is a present form of the verb that means "to be" Imagine that you find a clothing stand in a local market and want to buy a shirt. To attract the attention of the clerk, say disculpe, then ask how much the shirt costs. The question will sound like this: Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta esta camisa? And again at natural speed: Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta esta camisa? After disculpe we have cuánto which means "how much." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #20 - HOW MUCH? I N MEXI CO 4

109 Next comes the word cuesta, a present form of the verb "to cost." After that we have esta, the word for "this" in the feminine form. The last word is camisa which is "shirt" in English. "Camisa" is a feminine noun, and that's why we need to use the feminine form of the word "this": esta. If the thing you want to buy is masculine, replace the word esta with este. There's another sentence that's useful when asking for prices. Let's imagine you want to know the price of a pair of shoes. You'll ask Cuál es el precio de estos zapatos? meaning "What is the price of these shoes?" Cuál means "what" The next word, es, as we learned before, means "is" El precio is translated as "the price" De estos means "of these" And zapatos means "shoes." Notice that zapatos is a masculine and plural noun, that's why we used estos, instead of esta. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Let's have a look at some possible purchases that might interest you and how to say them in Spanish: blusa - "blouse" camisa - "shirt" playera - "T-shirt" bolsa - "bag" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #20 - HOW MUCH? I N MEXI CO 5

110 abrigo - "coat" sueter - "sweater" toalla - "towel" traje de baño - "bathing suit" Now get out there and enjoy your shopping! Quick tip 2 The major credit cards American Express, MasterCard and Visa are accepted in the main cities, large hotels, car rental companies and big stores. If you find yourself in a small town or far away from a tourist area, the best option is to have cash. It is always good to have cash with you. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #20 - HOW MUCH? I N MEXI CO 6

111 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #21 Mexican Traditional Market CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 21 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

112 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Un kilo de queso panela, por favor. 2. Dos kilos de aguacate, por favor. 3. Este producto es mexicano? ENGLISH 1. A kilogram of Panela cheese, please. 2. Two kilograms of avocado, please. 3. Is it a Mexican product? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r Kilo Kilo noun masculine producto product noun masculine aguacate avocado noun masculine queso cheese noun masculine mexicano Mexican noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #21 - MEXI CAN TRADI TI ONAL MARKET 2

113 Quiero un kilo de tomates. "I want a kilogram of tomatoes." El producto está bajo la mesa. "The product is under the table." El aguacate es muy grasoso. "The avocado is very fatty." Me gusta el queso. "I like cheese." El chocolate mexicano es famoso. "The Mexican chocolate is famous." GRAMMAR The traditional Mexican market, called mercado, is a place where you can find almost everything. Mexican people like these markets, and they go there especially to buy groceries, like fruits, vegetables, dairy, meat, eggs and many others. That's because in these markets, the produce is local and fresh, and most of the time you can find better prices than in the supermarket. So if you would like to know more about traditions and traditional taste, the mercado is a place you must visit during your stay in Mexico. Normally, when you are interested in buying something, first you should greet the seller. Then you can ask the questions we've learned in the previous lessons. Cuánto cuesta? or Cuánto es? After finding out the price, let's say you want to buy a kilogram of traditional Mexican cheese, which is called queso panela. You will have to say: Un kilo de queso panela, por favor. The first two words, un kilo, mean "one kilo." This is shortened from un kilogramo meaning "one kilogram." Next we have de, which means "of" After that, we have queso panela, or "panela cheese," a famous Mexican cheese. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #21 - MEXI CAN TRADI TI ONAL MARKET 3

114 Last we have por favor, which you remember means "please." The whole sentence altogether is: Un kilo de queso panela, por favor. Let's say that you'd like to buy two kilograms of avocadoes, to make a delicious guacamole. In this case, you can say: Dos kilos de aguacate, por favor. You already know the meaning of the word dos. And kilos is the plural form of kilo. Next we have de aguacate which is translated literally as "of avocado." And of course, por favor, which you already know. The whole phrase is: Dos kilos de aguacate, por favor. Some sellers import the merchandise from other countries, but you might want to make sure that what you're buying is a Mexican product. All you have to ask is: Este producto es mexicano? This means "Is it a Mexican product?" Producto means "product." Es means "is" And at the end we have mexicano which means "Mexican." Let's hear the whole question one more time: Este producto es mexicano? The answer can be sí meaning "yes," or no meaning "no." CULTURAL INSIGHT S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #21 - MEXI CAN TRADI TI ONAL MARKET 4

115 Quick tip 1 A traditional mercado in Mexico is focused mainly on food, but you can find all kind of products, like: clothes, bags, jewelry, toys, CDs, movies, games, and even pets in some of them. If you are looking only for food, there are areas for fruits and vegetables, grains, meat, seafood, herbs, spices, poultry, and sweets. Quick tip 2 In Mexico, you can find different kinds of souvenirs, depending on the city you are visiting. So we recommend that you check around the local markets, because you will find something interesting for sure, and you can practice the phrases that you just learned. If you don't really know what to get, just grab a box of traditional Mexican sweets or chocolates, which are pretty famous, and would make anybody happy. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #21 - MEXI CAN TRADI TI ONAL MARKET 5

116 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #22 Mexican Currency CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 22 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

117 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Un centavo. 2. Quince centavos. 3. Doscientos treinta pesos. 4. Cinco mil cuatrocientos veinte pesos. ENGLISH 1. 1 cent cents pesos pesos. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r centavo cent noun masculine pesos pesos noun masculine doscientos two hundred numeral cinco mil five thousand numeral quince fifteen numeral S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #22 - MEXI CAN CURRENCY 2

118 treinta thirty numeral cuatrocientos four hundred numeral veinte twenty numeral SAMPLE SENTENCES Tengo una moneda de cinco centavos. "I have a 5 cent coin." Son diez pesos. "It is ten pesos." Hay doscientos niños en la escuela. "There are two hundred kids in the school." La aldea tiene cinco mil habitantes. "The town has five thousand residents." Ella tiene quince años. "She is 15 years old." Tengo treinta años. "I am thirty years old." Esa camisa cuesta cuatrocientos pesos. "That shirt costs four hundred pesos." Tengo veinte cosas que hacer. "I have twenty things to do." GRAMMAR Mexico's monetary unit is the peso ($). Denominations include coins for 5 cents, 10 cents, 20 cents, 50 cents, 1 peso, 2 pesos, 5 pesos, 10 pesos, and 20 pesos and bills for 20 pesos, 50 pesos, 100 pesos, 200 pesos, 500 pesos and 1000 pesos. Let's say some prices in Spanish. It won't be too difficult. Let's start with 1 cent: Un centavo. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #22 - MEXI CAN CURRENCY 3

119 Centavo is the word for "cent" 15 cents will sound like this: Quince centavos. The word centavo becomes centavos in the plural form. If you go up to hundreds or thousands, remember that each level of hundred has its own name. To say "200" in Spanish, you say doscientos. To say "300" in Spanish, you say: trescientos. To say "400" in Spanish, you say: Cuatrocientos. For "500," you say: Quinientos. For "600," you say: Seiscientos. For "700," you say: Setecientos. For "800" in Spanish, you say: Ochocientos. For "900," you say: Novecientos. Let's try to say a price using the hundreds. "230 pesos" is: Doscientos treinta pesos. A "thousand" in Spanish is mil. For 2000 or more, we use the first number plus the word mil. So "2000" would be dos mil. Now let's try a slightly more complicated number, "5420 pesos." That is: Cinco mil cuatrocientos veinte pesos. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 You don't need any word to connect the numbers from different levels; in Spanish 2360 would S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #22 - MEXI CAN CURRENCY 4

120 be: dos mil trescientos sesenta. You just need to say the numbers separated, so it's 2000 dos mil, 300: trescientos, 60: sesenta. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #22 - MEXI CAN CURRENCY 5

121 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #23 Using the Internet in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 23 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

122 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Disculpe, Cuál es la clave para entrar a Internet? 2. Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta una hora de Internet? 3. Diez pesos por una hora. ENGLISH 1. Excuse me, what is the password to use the Internet? 2. Excuse me, how much does it cost to use Internet for one hour? 3. Ten pesos for one hour. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r disculpe excuse me (formal) expression entrar to enter (connect) verb hora hour noun masculine es is verb Internet internet noun masculine cuál what interrogative pronoun clave password noun masculine cuánto how much interrogative pronoun masculine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #23 - US I NG THE I NTERNET I N MEXI CO 2

123 una a, one article feminine cuesta to cost verb pesos pesos noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Disculpe joven, nos toma la orden? "Excuse me sir, will you take our order?" Necesito entrar a internet. "I need to connect to the internet." Estudias muchas horas. "You study many hours." El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." Necesito entrar a internet. "I need to connect to the internet." Cuál es tu dirección? "What is your address?" No recuerdo la clave. "I do not remember the password." Cuánto trabajo tienes? "How much work do you have?" Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Eso cuesta muy caro. "That cost too much." El precio es 10 pesos. "The price is 10 pesos." GRAMMAR S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #23 - US I NG THE I NTERNET I N MEXI CO 3

124 In this lesson you'll learn about a place crucial to your travels in this modern age: the Internet café! Normally, you find Internet cafés in the big main cities. In hotels and cafés, Wi-Fi is usually part of the service. And in that case, you may need a password so you can connect. You could ask "Excuse me, what is the password to use the Internet?" Disculpe, Cuál es la clave para entrar a Internet? is the question that will help you out. Disculpe is "Excuse me." Cuál means "which" or "what." The word es, just like we mentioned in previous lessons, is a present form of the verb "to be." La clave means "the password." The words para entrar mean literally "to enter," but in this case mean "to connect." The last words, a Internet, mean "to the Internet." If you don't carry your laptop around, you will probably use an Internet café. In Mexico, it's called Café Internet or Cibercafé. You will need to ask at the reception counter how much the connection costs per hour. "Excuse me, how much does it cost to use Internet for one hour?" Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta una hora de Internet? Cuánto means "how much." Cuesta is a present form of the verb that means "to cost." Una hora is translated as "one hour." And at the end, we have the two words De Internet which are translated as "of Internet." "Excuse me, how much does it cost to use Internet for one hour?" Disculpe, Cuánto cuesta una hora de Internet? The answer will probably sound something like this: Diez pesos por una hora. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #23 - US I NG THE I NTERNET I N MEXI CO 4

125 "Ten pesos for one hour." Diez pesos means "ten pesos." Por means "for," and una hora means "one hour." Again, that's: Diez pesos por una hora. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico, many places have wireless Internet that is free for everybody, especially in tourist areas. So keep your eyes open for the "free Wi-Fi" sign. Another option is to go to a coffee shop chain, or a fast food chain; they will have Internet for sure. And all hotels have Internet cafés, so you just need to ask the staff: En dónde está el café Internet? ("where is the Internet café?"). S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #23 - US I NG THE I NTERNET I N MEXI CO 5

126 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #24 Traveling by Bus in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 24 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

127 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cuánto cuesta el boleto? 2. Cuánto cuesta el boleto de autobús? 3. Un boleto, por favor. ENGLISH 1. How much does the ticket cost? 2. How much does the bus ticket cost? 3. "One ticket, please." VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r cuánto how much interrogative pronoun masculine un one, a numeral masculine boleto ticket noun masculine por favor please phrase cuesta to cost verb autobús bus noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #24 - TRAVELI NG BY BUS I N MEXI CO 2

128 Cuánto trabajo tienes? "How much work do you have?" Compré un carro nuevo. "I bought a new car." Necesito un boleto de avión. "I need a plane ticket." Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." Eso cuesta muy caro. "That cost too much." Los viajes en autobús son una experiencia muy interesante. "Travelling by bus is a very interesting experience." GRAMMAR The bus is an important means of transportation. In many Mexican cities, even big ones, we use buses almost as often as the subway, to cover both long and short distances. You can also travel by bus to different cities in Mexico. However, before starting your trip, you probably need to buy a ticket. Before you buy a ticket, you'll want to know how much it costs. In Spanish, "How much does the ticket cost?" is Cuánto cuesta el boleto? Cuánto cuesta, as you learned before, means "how much does it cost" And el boleto means "the ticket" Once again, altogether it is: Cuánto cuesta el boleto? In case you need to be more specific, ask: Cuánto cuesta el boleto de autobús? "How much does the bus ticket cost?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #24 - TRAVELI NG BY BUS I N MEXI CO 3

129 All we did was add de autobús at the end. De means "of" and autobús means "bus" When you're ready to buy a ticket, you can say: Un boleto, por favor. This means "one ticket, please." First we have un, which means "one." Next comes boleto, translated as "ticket." Don't forget to add por favor for "please" at the end! So the whole request ("One ticket, please") is: Un boleto, por favor. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico you can travel by bus or by subway in any main city, but if you do not have any local guide you better avoid communal transportation. Since, it could be dangerous and complicated. Quick tip 2 In Mexico, there are different buses you can use to travel from one city to another; those are safer and you can easily get a ticket using the phrases you just learned. You can ask the hotel staff about it, or you can find out more about it on the Internet. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #24 - TRAVELI NG BY BUS I N MEXI CO 4

130 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #25 Long-distance Bus Trips in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 7 Cultural Insight # 25 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

131 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cuándo sale el próximo autobús para Puebla? 2. En dónde compro el boleto? 3. Este autobús va para Puebla? 4. Un boleto para Cancún, por favor. 5. Cuántas horas tarda para llegar a Cancún? ENGLISH 1. When is the next bus to Puebla departing? 2. Where can I buy a ticket? 3. Is this bus going to Puebla? 4. A ticket to Cancun, please. 5. How long does it take to get to Cancún? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r cuándo when adverb autobús bus noun masculine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 2

132 este this este el the article para for, to preposition sale depart verb próximo next adverb dónde where interrogative pronoun boleto ticket noun masculine compro buy verb va go verb Un one, a numeral masculine por favor please phrase cuántas how many adverb feminine horas hours noun feminine tarda take verb llegar arrive verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Cuándo es la fiesta? "When is the party?" Iré en autobus. "I will go by bus." Este libro pesa mucho. "This book is very heavy." El niño tiene dos años. "The kid is two years old." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 3

133 Voy para París. "I am going to Paris." El avión sale a las 2pm. "The plane departs at 2 pm." El próximo día festivo es mañana. "The next holiday is tomorrow." Hola, papito! De dónde vienes? "Hey there, pops! Where are you coming from?" Necesito un boleto de avión. "I need a plane ticket." Yo compro los refrescos. "I buy the sodas." Él va al parque. "He goes to the park." Compré un carro nuevo. "I bought a new car." Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." Cuántas niñas hay en el parque? "How many girls are there in the park?" Estudias muchas horas. "You study many hours." Ella tarda mucho en llegar. "She takes too long to arrive." Conduce con cuidado y dejame saber cuando llegues a casa. "Drive safe, and let me know when you arrive home." GRAMMAR In the previous lesson, we covered how to get a bus ticket in general. In this lesson we will continue teaching you how to say other phrases that will be helpful for your trips during your visit to Mexico. Let's imagine a situation that happens all the time in Mexican bus stations. Let's say you S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 4

134 chose to travel by bus from Mexico City to Puebla. First of all, you would go to the information desk and make sure the bus timetable hasn't changed. You can ask "When is the next bus to Puebla departing?" In Spanish, that is: Cuándo sale el próximo autobús para Puebla? The first word, cuándo, means "when." Next we have sale, which means "depart." It's followed by el próximo, which is translated to "the next." Then we have the word autobús, which means "bus." After that comes para, which is the word for "to." Last, you place your destination, in this case Puebla. The whole question is: Cuándo sale el próximo autobús para Puebla? In English that is: "When is the next bus to Puebla departing?" The next question you will need to ask is En dónde compro el boleto? In English, that is translated as "Where can I buy a ticket?" En dónde means "where" Compro is a present form of the verb that means "to buy." And last we have el boleto, which means "the ticket." Let's hear the whole phrase one more time. En dónde compro el boleto? When you get on the bus, make sure that the bus is the one you need to take. For this, you will need to ask, "Is this bus going to Puebla?," which in Spanish is- S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 5

135 Este autobús va para Puebla? Este is the masculine form of "this." Autobús means "bus." Va is the present tense form of the verb "to go." And the last words, para Puebla, are translated as "to Puebla." The whole question once again is: Este autobús va para Puebla? Now let's learn how to buy a ticket for a far destination. Un boleto para Cancún, por favor. In English: "A ticket to Cancun, please." You already know that un boleto means "one ticket." Next we have para Cancún, which means "to Cancún." And at the end come the words por favor which, as usual, mean "please." The whole sentence is: Un boleto para Cancún, por favor. When you get ready for a long trip, it is normal to be interested in how many hours it will take to reach the destination. All you have to do is to ask the driver the following question. "How long does it take to get to Cancún?" in Spanish, that is: Cuántas horas tarda para llegar a Cancún? Cuántas is the Spanish word for "how much" or "how many," in a feminine form. Horas means "hours." Tarda means "to take." We've already learned that para means "to." Llegar means literally "to arrive." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 6

136 And then you just say a, or "to," and insert your destination! In our case, a Cancún, "to Cancun." The whole phrase is: Cuántas horas tarda para llegar a Cancún? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Taking the bus in Mexico is almost always a good idea. Especially if you are not going far. For example, from Mexico City to Puebla you can travel comfortably by bus; and in just two to three hours you would reach your destination. Also, you can visit beautiful archeological attractions by bus. It is affordable and safe. Quick tip 2 You could travel longer distances by bus, for example: from Mexico City to Cancún. But, in that case it is better to take a plane. The price is not that different and the time you would save is significant. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #25 - LONG-DI S TANCE BUS TRI PS I N MEXI CO 7

137 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #26 Riding the Subway in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 26 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

138 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Un boleto, por favor. 2. Disculpe, Qué línea del metro va al Zócalo? 3. La línea azul va al Zócalo. ENGLISH 1. A ticket, please. 2. Excuse me, which line goes to Zócalo? 3. The blue line goes to Zócalo. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r una a, one article feminine del of preposition que that demonstrative metro subway noun masculine boleto ticket noun masculine línea line noun masculine va go verb azul blue adjective S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #26 - RI DI NG THE S UBWAY I N MEXI CO 2

139 al to preposition SAMPLE SENTENCES Canta una canción. "Sing a song." La línea azul del metro está cerca. "The blue line of the subway is close." Dicen que él que persevera alcanza. "They say he who perseveres succeeds." Claro que traigo el pan "Of course I brought the bread." La línea azul del metro está cerca. "The blue line of the subway is close." Necesito un boleto de avión. "I need a plane ticket." La línea azul del metro es rápida. "The blue line of the subway is fast." Él va al parque. "He goes to the park." Compré un vestido azul. "I bought a blue dress." Ella va al mercado. "She goes to the market." GRAMMAR Only three cities in Mexico have subway systems: Mexico City, Monterrey, and Guadalajara. The subway is called metro in Mexico, and it is one of the best ways to reach the most important parts of the capital. In this lesson, we will cover how to get on the subway. As we have learned in previous lessons, in Mexico you can buy tickets at kiosks and stations. This is S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #26 - RI DI NG THE S UBWAY I N MEXI CO 3

140 true of the subway as well, but usually there are more conveniently located vending machines and ticket stands, right at the entrance of a subway station. But just in case you get too confused and have to ask the station attendant, we have prepared this lesson for you! Now let's get a subway ticket. You may remember from our previous lessons that the way to ask for a ticket is: Un boleto, por favor. This is the same sentence we learned in lesson 22. Our location in this lesson is Mexico City. Imagine you're going from your hotel in Viaducto to the Zócalo, which is a famous tourist spot in midtown Mexico City, near several large commercial centers and archeological buildings. You want to know what line will get you there. You can find out by asking, "Excuse me, which subway line goes to Zócalo?" Disculpe, Qué línea del metro va al Zócalo? First, we say "excuse me," as usual: Disculpe. Next is Qué, which is translated as "what." Then we have linea, which means "line" as in "subway line." After that we have del metro which literally means "of the subway." Then comes va al, which translates as "goes to." After that comes our destination, in this case Zócalo. Altogether, that's: Disculpe, Qué línea del metro va al Zócalo? Here is a possible answer. "The blue line goes to Zócalo," in Spanish: La línea azul va al Zócalo. The first words are La línea, which mean "the line." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #26 - RI DI NG THE S UBWAY I N MEXI CO 4

141 Next we have azul, which is the name of the line, "blue." Literally, línea azul means "blue line." Then we have va al, which translates as "goes to." After that is our destination, Zócalo. The whole sentence again is: La línea azul va al Zócalo. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico City, there are more than ten subway lines, identified by colors and numbers. For example, the blue line is also known as line 2. You can easily find a subway map on the Internet, or in any subway station. Quick tip 2 One thing you should consider is that in Mexico City, the subway system can be a little bit dangerous. So just like in any big city, you shouldn't carry your camera or cellphone outside of your bag. And keep your passport and big amounts of money in your hotel room. It is better to prevent, so you can enjoy your trip hassle-free. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #26 - RI DI NG THE S UBWAY I N MEXI CO 5

142 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #27 Other Transport Options in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 27 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

143 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Un boleto para Tasqueña, por favor. 2. Dos boletos para Tasqueña, por favor. 3. Un boleto para el trolebús de Portales Sur a Centro. 4. Tres boletos para el trolebús de Portales Sur a Centro. ENGLISH 1. One ticket to Tasqueña, please. 2. Two tickets to Tasqueña, please. 3. One ticket for the trolebus from Portales Sur to Centro. 4. Three tickets for the trolebus from Portales Sur to Centro. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r trolebús electric bus noun masculine dos two numeral boleto ticket noun masculine tres three numeral SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #27 - OTHER TRANS PORT OPTI ONS I N MEXI CO 2

144 El trolebús es lento. "The electric bus is slow." Hay dos gatos en el árbol. "There are two cats on the tree." Necesito un boleto de avión. "I need a plane ticket." Son tres niños. "There are three kids." GRAMMAR In the previous lesson, we covered how to get on the subway. In Mexico City, there are other ways to travel comfortably for long distances inside of the city. The "train," which is called tren ligero, and the "electric bus," which is called trolebús, are the most common. The tren ligero only has eighteen stations, but it allows people to cross the south part of the city effectively, and you can transfer easily to the main subway lines. You'll ask for tren ligero tickets at a ticket office, or you can use the vending machines available in the stations. Let's say you want to go to Tasqueña, which is the main station of the tren ligero, since it is connected to the subway system, and to many bus lines. You can say "One ticket to Tasqueña, please." In Spanish, that is: Un boleto para Tasqueña, por favor. If you're not traveling on your own, you'll need to ask for two tickets or more. "Two tickets to Tasqueña, please," is: Dos boletos para Tasqueña, por favor. As you can see, instead of boleto I said the plural boletos. In this case, you just need to add an s to the end of the word. Another public transportation method available in Mexico City is the "electric bus," called trolebús. Using the trolebús, you can go to any part of Mexico City. You can get tickets in the S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #27 - OTHER TRANS PORT OPTI ONS I N MEXI CO 3

145 ticket offices or in the vending machines. In case you want to buy the ticket in the office, you can say "One ticket for the trolebús from (location) to (destination)." Let's say Un boleto para el trolebús de Portales Sur a Centro. That means, "One ticket for the trolebus from Portales Sur to Centro." Lets say that you are traveling with two more family members this time. You would need three tickets, so you would say "Three tickets for the trolebus from Portales Sur to Centro." In Spanish, this is: Tres boletos para el trolebús de Portales Sur a Centro. As you can see, we replace un meaning "one" with tres meaning "three." And instead of boleto, we say the plural, boletos. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick Tip 1 There are many more collective transportation systems in Mexico City: metrobús, microbús, and tren subterráneo, just to mention a few. If you need to buy a ticket, you just need to substitute the word trolebús in the phrase you just learned. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #27 - OTHER TRANS PORT OPTI ONS I N MEXI CO 4

146 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #28 Taking a Taxi in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 7 Cultural Insight # 28 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

147 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cómo lo puedo ayudar? 2. Un taxi a la Torre Latinoamericana, por favor. 3. A dónde va? 4. Al Palacio de Bellas Artes. 5. En cinco minutos. 6. Cuánto es? ENGLISH 1. How may I help you? 2. A taxi to the Torre Latinoamericana, please. 3. Where are you going? 4. To the Palacio de Bellas Artes. 5. In five minutes. 6. How much is it? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 2

148 cómo how interrogative pronoun un one, a numeral masculine taxi taxi noun masculine puedo may I verb dónde where adverb lo that preposition ayudar help verb va go verb es is verb cuánto how much interrogative pronoun masculine en in preposition cinco five numeral masculine minutos minutes noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Compré un carro nuevo. "I bought a new car." En Perú no se toman taxis desconocidos de noche. "In Peru, don t take unknown taxis at night." Debemos tomar el siguiente taxi. "We should take the next taxi." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 3

149 Puedo ayudarle? "May I help you?" Hola, papito! De dónde vienes? "Hey there, pops! Where are you coming from?" Lo tengo claro. "I have that clear." Ayúdenme! "Help me!" Él va al parque. "He goes to the park." El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." Cuánto trabajo tienes? "How much work do you have?" Las fotos están escondidas en el escritorio. "The pictures are hidden in the desk." Vamos a salir en cinco minutos. "We are going to leave in five minutes." Te veo en cinco minutos. "I will see you in five minutes." GRAMMAR In this lesson you'll learn how to get to places by taxi. There are two options for taking a taxi in Mexico: to call the taxi-dispatch by phone so they can pick you up from your location; or you can take a taxi on the street. If you are in Mexico for the first time, you might not know how to stop a taxi on the street, so it's better if you call the taxi by phone. Let's get it started. Imagine you are in Mexico City. You want to go to Palacio de Bellas Artes, a historic building S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 4

150 recommended by a friend. You are at your hotel in front of the Torre Latinoamericana. You call the taxi company, and the person who answers says "How may I help you?" In Spanish, this is: Cómo lo puedo ayudar? The first word, Cómo, means "how." This is followed by the words lo puedo, which would be translated in English as "can I" or "may I." Then we have ayudar, which literally means "help." Answer back by saying that you want a taxi, and giving your location. Say Un taxi a then say your location, and add por favor at the end. In our case, the phrase will sound like this: 1. Un taxi a la Torre Latinoamericana, por favor. "A taxi to the Torre Latinoamericana, please." Un taxi means "a taxi." A la means "to the." Torre Latinoamericana is a famous building in midtown Mexico City, and in this example is where you would wait for the taxi to come to pick you up. Then to sound polite, we just add por favor, "please." In English, the whole sentence will be literally translated as "A taxi to the Torre Latinoamericana, please." The person on the phone will then ask you where you want to go. That will sound like this: A dónde va? This means "Where are you going?" You would answer by simply stating the name of the place you're going, or some nearby landmark. In our case, it would be - Al Palacio de Bellas Artes. Al means "to the" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 5

151 Palacio de Bellas Artes is another famous tourist destination in Mexico City. And in this example, it is our desired destination. So altogether, that's: Al Palacio de Bellas Artes. Next, the person will ask you in whose name to request the taxi. That will sound like this: A nombre de quién? A nombre means literally "to name" de means "of." And quién means "who" or "whom." As you can see the literal translation of this phrase in English, doesn't really make sense. But it means "Under whose name?" Let's hear that all together: A nombre de quién? Next, the person will tell you an estimate of when the taxi will arrive. It will be something similar to this: En cinco minutos. This means "In five minutes." En means "in." Cinco means "five." Minutos means "minutes." Let's hear the whole phrase one more time: En cinco minutos. After waiting, you will go out, see your taxi, greet the driver of course, and say the address agan. At the end of the drive, you will need to ask how much you have to pay. In Spanish that sounds like this: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 6

152 Cuánto es? Let's break it down: The first word, cuánto, means "how much" Next we have es, which means "is" The entire question is: Cuánto es? And it would be translated as "How much is it?" CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Taxis in Mexico are different in every city, for example: in Mexico City most of the taxis are green compact sedan cars, and in Puebla taxis are black. But no matter the color, they always have the word TAXI written on the doors and roof. Quick tip 2 The way you stop a taxi in Mexico is the same than in any other big city like New York, you just stand on the sidewalk and wave your hand to any unoccupied taxi that passes by. Just keep in mind that it is safer to call a taxi or to get it from a taxi base. Quick tip 3 Here is a phrase that you probably will need: "To the airport please," Al aeropuerto, por favor. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #28 - TAKI NG A TAXI I N MEXI CO 7

153 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #29 Where Can I Find This? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 29 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

154 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. En dónde está (blank)? 2. En dónde está el baño? 3. En dónde está el agua? 4. En dónde está la estación del metro? 5. En dónde está el cine? ENGLISH 1. Where is (blank)? 2. Where is the restroom? 3. Where is the water? 4. Where is the subway station? 5. Where is the movie theater? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r está is, to be located (3rd person singular) verb estación del metro subway station phrase feminine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #29 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

155 baño restroom/bathroom noun masculine agua water noun feminine cine movie theater noun feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES Eduardo está en España ahora. "Eduardo is in Spain now." La estación del metro está cerca. "The subway station is close." El baño es grande. "The restroom is big." Puedo tener un poco de agua, por favor? "Can I have some water, please?" Cada quincena, debo llevar a mi novio al cine. "Every two weeks, I must take my boyfriend to the movies." GRAMMAR Have you ever been in a city you didn't know at all, desperately searching for something you couldn't find? I certainly have! I wandered around without knowing where to find a bus ticket, a phone, or even a restroom! But don't worry with our Survival Phrases, you'll always be able to get the information or the help you need in Mexico. In this lesson we'll introduce you to phrases that will help you track down whatever you need. "Where do I find (blank)?" or "Where is (blank)" in Spanish is: En dónde está (blank)? The first word, en dónde, means "where." Next we have está which means "to be." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #29 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

156 Then you add the item or place you are looking for. Altogether, that's: En dónde está (blank)? Let's look for some things you might need to find when traveling abroad. Imagine you're walking around in Cancún, and you need to use the restroom. In this case, all you have to do is to add the item you are searching for after En dónde está. In this case it's "the restroom," which in Spanish is el baño. "Where is the restroom?" in Spanish is: En dónde está el baño? What if you are in a supermarket and you cannot find water? In that case, you can ask: En dónde está el agua? means "Where is the water?" With this structure, you can find anything you are looking for. Now imagine you're looking for a place, for example: the subway station. "Where is the subway station?" would be En dónde está la estación del metro? En dónde está, as you now know, means "where is." Next we have la estación del metro, which is translated as "the subway station" Altogether it's: En dónde está la estación del metro? To ask about another place, just replace la estación del metro with the location you are looking for, and people will understand you perfectly. For example, let's ask "Where is the movie theater?" En dónde está el cine? El cine means "the movie theater." This little question will definitely help you to find what you want. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #29 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

157 Finally, remember that it's always better to add the phrase for "excuse me," disculpe, before the question to make it more polite: "Excuse me, where is the cinema?" - Disculpe, En dónde está el cine? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Here are some other things you might be looking for. Just substitute these words in the sentence pattern from this lesson. "the supermarket" el supermercado "the post office" la oficina de correos "the hospital" el hospital "the pharmacy" la farmacia S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #29 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

158 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #30 Where Can I Find This Place? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 30 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

159 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Hay un hospital por aquí? 2. Hay un cajero automático por aquí? 3. Hay una farmacia por aquí? ENGLISH 1. Is there a hospital near here? 2. Is there an ATM near here? 3. Is there a pharmacy around here? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r hay There is/are, exist verb una a, one article feminine aquí here preposition hospital hospital noun masculine por at, by, for, from preposition farmacia pharmacy noun feminine cajero automático ATM noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #30 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S PLACE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

160 Hay un gato en la casa. "There is a cat in the house." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Aquí está. "Here it is." Me dan asco los hospitales. "Hospitals disgust me." Compré este libro por diez pesos. "I bought this book for ten pesos." La farmacia está lejos. "The pharmacy is far." Necesito un cajero automático. "I need an ATM." GRAMMAR In the previous lesson, we covered how to ask where things and places are. In this lesson, we'll introduce you to another useful phrase for finding the place you need. This lesson's phrase is "Is there a (place) near here?" First, we need a place. Let's use the word hospital, which means "hospital" In Spanish, "Is there a hospital near here?" is Hay un hospital por aquí? The first word, hay, can be translated in English as "there is" or "is there" Next comes un hospital which means "a hospital" After that comes por aquí. These two words together mean "around here" or "near here" All together, it's Hay un hospital por aquí? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #30 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S PLACE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

161 Don't forget to add at the beginning the polite expression disculpe, which means "excuse me." Replace the words un hospital with any other place, and your question will be really useful. Imagine that you need to withdraw some money from your bank account. In Spanish, "Is there an ATM near here?" is Hay un cajero automático por aquí? The only words that changed are the thing you are looking for, in this case, un cajero automático. Another place you'll probably need to find during your trip to Mexico is "a pharmacy." In Spanish, that is una farmacia. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 This phrase is useful to find a service around your location. Using this phrase, you can ask for any place you need. Let's say that you need to find a hotel. In Spanish "Hotel" is: Hotel. In this case you can ask: Hay un hotel por aquí? Now let's say that you are in the hotel already, and you need to find the closest restroom available. In that case, you can use the same phrase, "Is there a restroom around here?" in Spanish: Hay un baño por aquí? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #30 - WHERE CAN I FI ND THI S PLACE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

162 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #31 Asking Directions in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 3 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 6 Cultural Insight # 31 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

163 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Va derecho. 2. Va todo derecho. 3. A la derecha. 4. A la izquierda. 5. Gire a la derecha. 6. Gira a la izquierda. 7. Gire a la derecha en el semáforo. 8. En la primera intersección a la izquierda. ENGLISH 1. Go straight. 2. Go all straight. 3. On the right or to the right. 4. On the left or to the left. 5. Take a right. 6. Take a left. CONT'D OVER S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #31 - AS KI NG DI RECTI ONS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

164 7. Turn right at the traffic light. 8. At the first intersection on the right. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r intersección intersection noun masculine primera first numeral masculine semáforo traffic light noun masculine gire turn verb izquierda left noun feminine va go verb derecha right noun feminine derecho straight adjective todo all, everything adverb a la to the preposition SAMPLE SENTENCES Hay tráfico en la intersección. "There is traffic in the intersection." Soy la primera en la lista. "I am the first on the list." El semáforo es nuevo. "The traffic light is new." Gire a la derecha, por favor. "Turn to the right, please." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #31 - AS KI NG DI RECTI ONS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

165 Yo escribo con la mano izquierda. "I write with my left hand." Él va al parque. "He goes to the park." La escuela está a la derecha. "The school is on the right." El banco está derecho. "The bank is straight." Todo bien? "Is everything well?" Voy a la alberca. "I am going to the pool." GRAMMAR In this lesson we'll introduce the directions that will help you find the place you are looking for. Previously, we introduced "Is there a (place) near here?" and "Where is...(something)?" But while we can now ask, we haven't talked about how to decipher the answer. In this lesson, we're going to work on understanding what someone tells us. And we'll go over basic directions. First, we have "Go straight." That in Spanish is Va derecho. The first word, va, is a form of the verb that means "to go." And derecho can be translated as "straight." Together, they make Va derecho. This is translated as "Go straight." A variation of this sentence that is widely used is: Va todo derecho. Here we just added the word todo, which means "all" Once again, it is: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #31 - AS KI NG DI RECTI ONS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

166 Va todo derecho. This is literally "go all straight." Here's how to say "on the right" or "to the right": A la derecha. And "on the left" or "to the left" is: A la izquierda. Here's how to tell someone "to take a left." Gira a la izquierda. The first word, gira, is translated as "turn" Together, they make Gira a la izquierda. The opposite, "take a right," in Spanish is Gire a la derecha. In real life, of course, you'll need to know where to turn left or right. Here's "Turn right at the traffic light": Gire a la derecha en el semáforo. Semáforo means "traffic light." In our sentence, we have en el semáforo, which is translated as "at the traffic light." Another common phrase can be "at the first intersection on the left." In Spanish that is: En la primera intersección a la izquierda. En la means "in the." Then we have primera, which means "first." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #31 - AS KI NG DI RECTI ONS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

167 Next we have intersección, which means "intersection." Once again, altogether it is: En la primera intersección a la izquierda. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 It is always useful to know how to ask for directions, but you should consider buying a map, just to be on the safe side. And nowadays, you can easily use your smartphone or your GPS to find any place you need. Quick tip 2 We learned how to say "right" and "left" in Spanish, but knowing the cardinal points is also very useful. "north" - norte "south" - sur "east" - este "west" - oeste S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #31 - AS KI NG DI RECTI ONS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 6

168 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #32 Could You Take a Picture? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 32 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

169 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Nos podría tomar una foto, por favor? 2. Me podría tomar una foto, por favor? ENGLISH 1. Could you take a picture of us, please? 2. Could you take a picture of me, please? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r nos we preposition foto picture noun feminine una a, one article feminine por favor please phrase podría could you verb tomar take verb me I, to me pronoun SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #32 - COULD YOU TAKE A PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

170 Nos gusta leer. "We like to read." La foto es buena. "The picture is good." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" Manejo mi carro al trabajo los lunes, pero tomo el tren el resto de la semana. "I drive my car to work on Mondays, but take the train the rest of the week." Me duele el estómago. "My stomach hurts." GRAMMAR In this lesson we will introduce a phrase that will surely come in handy for capturing your memories on camera. Mexico has many beautiful places, so you'll want to take lots of pictures of landscapes and monuments. And sometimes you will want to be part of the picture, or include someone else too. For those times, the question "Can you take a picture of me/us?" will be invaluable! Let's imagine first that you want to get a picture with your friends. The question you will definitely need to ask is "Could you take a picture of us, please?" In Spanish that is: Nos podría tomar una foto, por favor? The first word, nos, is translated as "to us." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #32 - COULD YOU TAKE A PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

171 Then podría is a present form of the verb that means "to be able to." And in this case is translated as "could you." The next word tomar, in this sentence means "to take" as in "to take a picture." Una foto means "a picture." And as usual at the end we have por favor. Altogether, it is: Nos podría tomar una foto, por favor? If you are on your own and you want to ask someone to take a picture of you, you'll ask: Me podría tomar una foto, por favor? In this sentence, we only changed nos for me, which means "to me." By using me, you've specified that the picture will be of you. Me podría tomar una foto, por favor? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 If someone took a picture of you, but you are not convinced yet, and you really want another taken, you can say: Me podría tomar otra foto, por favor? Just by adding the word otra ("another") you can get, hopefully, a better picture this time. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #32 - COULD YOU TAKE A PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

172 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #33 May I Take Your Picture? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 33 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

173 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Disculpe, Le podría tomar una foto, por favor? 2. Está permitido tomar fotos aquí? ENGLISH 1. Excuse me, may I take your picture, please? 2. Is it allowed to take pictures here? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r disculpe excuse me (formal) expression una a, one article feminine aquí here preposition podría could you verb foto picture noun feminine le To you preposition tomar take verb por favor please phrase permitido allowed adverb está is, to be located (3rd person singular) verb SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #33 - MAY I TAKE YOUR PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

174 Disculpe joven, nos toma la orden? "Excuse me sir, will you take our order?" Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Aquí está. "Here it is." Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" La foto es buena. "The picture is good." Le daré las gracias. "I will thank you." Manejo mi carro al trabajo los lunes, pero tomo el tren el resto de la semana. "I drive my car to work on Mondays, but take the train the rest of the week." Por favor, no alimente a los animales. "Please, don't feed the animals." No está permitido correr. "It is not allowed to run." Eduardo está en España ahora. "Eduardo is in Spain now." GRAMMAR How many times have you been on a trip with your camera, trying to immortalize an epic moment? In Mexico there are many amazing landscapes and people to tempt your camera, and you won't put it away! I know you don't want to jeopardize your marvelous album of Mexico. That's why we'll be devoting this lesson to more photography phrases. In the last lesson, we learned how to ask someone to take a picture of you: Nos podría tomar una foto, por favor? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #33 - MAY I TAKE YOUR PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

175 But what do you do if you see a woman in traditional Mexican clothing and you want to take a picture of her? Sometimes with people that you don't know, this request can be bothersome. That's why you must be as nice as you can. "Excuse me, may I take your picture, please?" in Spanish is Disculpe, Le podría tomar una foto, por favor? You know the meaning of disculpe and por favor, so let's explain the rest of our phrase. Le is translated as "to you." Then we have, podría, a form of the verb that means "to be able to." Next comes tomar, which means "to take." After that comes una foto, meaning "a picture." The whole request is Disculpe, Le podría tomar una foto, por favor? Other situations where you'll need permission to snap photos include museums, art galleries, churches and shops. "Is it allowed to take pictures here?" in Spanish is Está permitido tomar fotos aquí? The first words está permitido mean "is it allowed" The second word, tomar, is the verb "to take" as in "take a picture." fotos means "photos" - you just added an "s" to the word foto to make it plural. And aquí means "here." So the whole question is Está permitido tomar fotos aquí? CULTURAL INSIGHT S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #33 - MAY I TAKE YOUR PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

176 Quick tip 1 Traditional Mexican clothing varies by region and purpose. But in general, women wear colorful, full length dresses. Men wear white linen pants and shirts with patterns embroidered on them. You'll probably see some people dressed up this way at traditional festivals. Another famous traditional Mexican costume is the "mariachi suit," usually black with golden embroidered patterns, and the big hat that is so characteristic of Mexico. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #33 - MAY I TAKE YOUR PI CTURE? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

177 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #34 How Do You Say This and That? in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 34 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

178 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cómo se dice "beer" en español? 2. Cómo se dice esto en español? 3. Cómo se dice eso en español? 4. Cómo se dice "Happy birthday" en español? ENGLISH 1. How do you say 'beer' in Spanish? 2. How do you say this in Spanish? 3. How do you say that in Spanish? 4. How do you say 'happy birthday' in Spanish? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r cómo how adverb español Spanish noun masculine dice say verb esto this demonstrative se do verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #34 - HOW DO YOU S AY THI S AND THAT? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

179 en in preposition eso That demonstrative SAMPLE SENTENCES Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Español es una lengua interesante. "Spanish is an interesting language." El libro dice eso. "The book says that." Quiero esto, por favor. "I want this, please." Cómo se llega a tu casa? "How do you arrive to your home?" Está en la oficina. "He is in the office." Él quiere eso, por favor. "He wants that, please." GRAMMAR In this lesson, you'll learn a question that will help you improve your Spanish vocabulary without carrying a dictionary with you."how do you say [something] in Spanish?" This sentence will allow you to not depend on your pocket dictionary. Mexico is famous for its beer, so let's assume that you want to buy some, but have no idea what to call it in Spanish! "How do you say 'beer' in Spanish?" is Cómo se dice "beer" en español? The first word, cómo means, "how." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #34 - HOW DO YOU S AY THI S AND THAT? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

180 This is followed by se dice, a form of the verb translated in English as "to say." Then we have the word in English, "beer" in this case. And at the end of the question there is en español translated as "in Spanish." All together, we have Cómo se dice "beer" en español? Remember that we've already covered the word "beer" in one of our previous lessons, in Spanish "beer" is cerveza. You can also use this expression without using any English. To accomplish this, you can use the expression "How do you say this in Spanish?" In Spanish, "this" is esto. So in Spanish "How do you say this in Spanish?" is Cómo se dice esto en español? The structure is exactly the same as the previous sentence, except that instead of "beer" we have the word esto, which is the neutral form of "this" in Spanish. One more time, it is: Cómo se dice esto en español? While asking this question, you can point at the specific something that you are curious about. To ask, "How do you say that in Spanish?" simply substitute the word esto with eso which means "that." The phrase will sound like this: Cómo se dice eso en español? Eso is the neutral form for "that" in Spanish. Let's say that you are invited to a birthday party. You'll need to know how to say "Happy birthday" in Spanish! The question sounds like this: Cómo se dice "Happy birthday" en español? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #34 - HOW DO YOU S AY THI S AND THAT? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

181 "How do you say 'happy birthday' in Spanish?" By the way, "happy birthday" in Spanish is "Feliz Cumpleaños." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 If you are invited to a Mexican family reunion and you want to take a little gift, you can pick up one or two from the following list: coffee, chocolate, flowers, wine, or a dessert. These gifts are perfect for home visits. If you visit a person in the hospital, buy some fruits or flowers. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #34 - HOW DO YOU S AY THI S AND THAT? I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 5

182 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #35 Learn to Write in Mexican Spanish Without Lifting a Pen CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 35 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

183 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Podría escribirlo, por favor? 2. Podría escribir esta frase? 3. Tiene lápiz y papel, con usted? ENGLISH 1. Can you write it down, please? 2. Can you write this phrase? 3. Do you have a pencil and paper with you? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r podría could you verb frase phrase noun feminine con with preposition escribir write verb tiene (he, she, it, you *formal) have verb escribirlo write it phrase masculine esta this pronoun feminine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #35 - LEARN TO WRI TE I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H WI THOUT LI FTI NG A PEN 2

184 lápiz pencil noun masculine papel paper noun masculine y and conjuction usted you pronoun SAMPLE SENTENCES Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" Esa frase es bien conocida. "That phrase is well known." Él caminaba con miedo. "He was walking with fear." El hombre está escribiendo en el cuaderno. "The man is writing in the notebook." Tiene un perro. "He has a dog." Ella me ayudó a escribirlo. "She helped me to write it." Esta tarde iré al doctor. "This afternoon I am going to the doctor." Mi lápiz es nuevo. "My pencil is new." Compraré papel de baño. "I will buy toilet paper." Él y yo somos amigos. "He and I are friends." Es usted Doña María Lopez? "Are you Mrs. María Lopez?" GRAMMAR S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #35 - LEARN TO WRI TE I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H WI THOUT LI FTI NG A PEN 3

185 In the previous lesson, we covered how to ask, "How do you say this in Spanish?" Cómo se dice esto en español? Do you remember? In this lesson, because we don't want you to be caught off guard in any kind of situation in Mexico, we are going to introduce a new phrase that is very important to help you focus your skills, not on the sounds, but on the writing. So let's start this new lesson. In Spanish, "Can you write it down, please?" is Podría escribirlo, por favor? The first word Podría is translated in this case as "could you." Podría also makes the phrase formal. Next we have escribirlo, which is translated as "write it" Por favor is "please," as you can remember from previous lessons. All together: Podría escribirlo, por favor? This means, "Can you write it down, please?" But this phrase is not very specific. To make yourself more clear, you can say: "Can you write down this phrase?" Podría escribir esta frase? There are three new words in this question. They are escribir, esta, and frase. Escribir is the dictionary form of the verb "to write." Next we have esta, which is the feminine form for "this." Last is frase, which means "phrase" Let's hear the whole phrase one more time: Podría escribir esta frase? It might happen that you are not carrying a piece of paper or a pen. So before asking Podría escribirlo?, try asking Tiene lápiz y papel, con usted? That means "Do you have a pencil S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #35 - LEARN TO WRI TE I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H WI THOUT LI FTI NG A PEN 4

186 and paper with you?" The first word, tiene, means literally "have." In this sentence, it implies the question "do you have?" Then we have lápiz, which means literally "pencil." Then you have y which means "and." Next you have papel, which means "paper." Con means "with." Finally you have usted, which is the formal way to say "you." Here's the whole sentence: Tiene lápiz y papel, con usted? As usual, before asking about someone else's stationery supplies, it's a good idea to say "excuse me," disculpe, at the beginning of the sentence. Disculpe, Tiene lápiz y papel, con usted? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Spanish writing is not complicated because most letters only have one sound. Therefore you pronounce what you see. Of course there are some exceptions, and some letter combinations make a different sound, for example: gue sounds like "ge"; and the u does not have a sound in this case (like in the name Miguel). S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #35 - LEARN TO WRI TE I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H WI THOUT LI FTI NG A PEN 5

187 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #36 Read Mexican Spanish Instantly! No Knowledge of Spanish Required! CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 36 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

188 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cómo se lee esta palabra? 2. Cómo se pronuncia esta palabra? 3. Qué significa esto? ENGLISH 1. How do you read this word? 2. How do you pronounce this word? 3. What does it mean? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r cómo how adverb palabra word noun feminine esta this adjective feminine pronuncia to pronounce verb se him, her, you, each other pronoun leer read verb significa to mean verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #36 - READ MEXI CAN S PANI S H I NS TANTLY! NO KNOWLEDGE OF S PANI S H REQUI RED! 2

189 esto this demonstrative SAMPLE SENTENCES Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Voy a decir una palabra y tu la repites en Inglés. "I will say a word, and you will repeat it in English." Esta chaqueta es verde. "This jacket is green." Se pronuncia así. "Pronounce it like this." Cómo se llama? "What is your name?" A ella le gusta leer libros. "She likes reading books." Esto significa gracias. "This means thank you." Quiero esto, por favor. "I want this, please." GRAMMAR In the previous lessons, we introduced you to some phrases you can use during your trip to Mexico. This is the last lesson of the series dedicated to learning from the people around you. In this lesson, we are going to cover "How do you read this?" In Spanish, "How do you read this word?" is Cómo se lee esta palabra? The first word, cómo, means "how." Next we have se lee translated in English as "to read." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #36 - READ MEXI CAN S PANI S H I NS TANTLY! NO KNOWLEDGE OF S PANI S H REQUI RED! 3

190 Then we have esta, the feminine form of "this." At the end we have palabra, which means "word." The entire sentence again is: Cómo se lee esta palabra? You might also like to ask, "How do you pronounce this word?" In Spanish, that's Cómo se pronuncia esta palabra? The new word in this question is pronuncia, which is a form of the verb translated as "to pronounce." Again, it is: Cómo se pronuncia esta palabra? The literal translation is: "How do you pronounce this word?" When you want to find out the meaning of the word or phrase, ask: Qué significa esto? "What does it mean?" The first word, qué, means "what." Next we have significa, or "means" in English. At the end we have esto, which means "this." Altogether, we have Qué significa esto? Or, "What does it mean?" CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #36 - READ MEXI CAN S PANI S H I NS TANTLY! NO KNOWLEDGE OF S PANI S H REQUI RED! 4

191 Spanish is a Romance Language. There are about 500 million Spanish speakers around the globe, as a first or second language. Spanish is the official language in 21 countries, including Spain, Mexico, Argentina, and Colombia. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #36 - READ MEXI CAN S PANI S H I NS TANTLY! NO KNOWLEDGE OF S PANI S H REQUI RED! 5

192 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #37 Mexican Hotel, Part 1: Checking In CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 37 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

193 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Tengo una reservación. 2. A nombre de quién? 3. Podría deletrearlo, por favor? 4. Quiero un cuarto, por favor. ENGLISH 1. I have a reservation. 2. In whose name? 3. Could you spell it, please? 4. I would like a room, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r tengo (I) have verb quién who/whom adverb cuarto room noun masculine reservación reservation noun feminine quiero (I) want verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #37 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 1: CHECKI NG I N 2

194 una a, one article feminine podría could you verb nombre name noun masculine deletrearlo to spell verb una a indefinite article SAMPLE SENTENCES Tengo un gato. "I have a cat." Quién irá al parque? "Who will go to the park?" Cuál es tu cuarto? "Which one is your room?" Ella hizo la reservación la semana pasada. "She made the reservation last week." Quiero un café. "I want a coffee." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" Mi nombre es Norma. "My name is Norma." Deletrealo, por favor. "Spell it, please." Perdí mi libro. Tienes una copia? "I lost my book. Do you have a copy?" GRAMMAR S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #37 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 1: CHECKI NG I N 3

195 In this lesson, we'll help you check in! In Mexico, there are many kinds of hotels. Let's jump right into the lesson! In Mexico, when you get to a hotel and you want to check in, you can use two possible phrases. If you have already booked the room and you want to say "I have a reservation," that is Tengo una reservación. The first word, tengo, means "I have." Next we have una reservación. It is easy to guess that these words means "a reservation." Altogether, that's Tengo una reservación. After that, the person will ask you whose name the reservation is under. If you try to say your name first, you might be seen as rude, so we recommend waiting for them to ask you. That question will probably sound like this: A nombre de quién? which translates to "In whose name?" or "Under what name?" The first word is a, which means literally "to," but in this case means "in" Next we have nombre, which means "name." de means "of." Last we have quién which means "who" or "whom." Altogether, it's: A nombre de quién? Then you tell them the name the reservation is under. Let's try it once. Let's say your name is David Smith. You'd say Tengo una reservación. And then the receptionist would ask you: A nombre de quién? Then you would respond with your name, S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #37 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 1: CHECKI NG I N 4

196 "David Smith." Your name may be complicated to spell for a Mexican person, so they may ask you: Podría deletrearlo, por favor? This is the Spanish version of "Could you spell it, please?" The first word, podría means "could you." Next we have deletrearlo, which means "to spell it" At the end we have por favor, the words that mean "please." All together: Podría deletrearlo, por favor? If you don't have a reservation, you'll have to book a room. In order to book a room, say Quiero un cuarto, por favor meaning "I would like a room, please." The first word quiero, as you may remember means "I would like." Then we have un cuarto which means "a room." And of course, don't forget to add por favor, "please." All together: Quiero un cuarto, por favor. "I would like a room, please." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 If you are staying in a hotel in any of the main cities or tourist areas of Mexico, it is almost certain that someone will be able to speak English, in case you need to ask something more complicated. But still you should try to practice the phrases that you just learned, because people in the hotel will appreciate your effort and you will be a distinguished guest. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #37 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 1: CHECKI NG I N 5

197 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #38 Mexican Hotel, Part 2: I Would Like More of This, Please CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 38 COPYRIGHT 2015 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

198 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cuándo pago la factura? 2. Podría darme otro jabón? 3. Podría darme una toalla? ENGLISH 1. When do I pay the invoice? 2. Could you give me another soap? 3. Could you give me a towel? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r podría (Mexican) could you verb cuándo (Mexican) when adverb pago (Mexican) to pay verb otro (Mexican) another adverb factura (Mexican) bill noun feminine darme (Mexican) give me phrase jabón (Mexican) soap noun masculine toalla (Mexican) towel noun feminine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #38 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 2: I WOULD LI KE MORE OF THI S, PLEAS E 2

199 una (Mexican) a, one article feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES Podría venir hoy? "Could you come today?" Cuándo es la fiesta? "When is the party?" Yo pago la factura. "I pay the invoice." Mañana es mi otro examen. "Tomorrow is my other exam." Tengo otro teléfono. "I have another phone." factura del teléfono celular "cellular phone bill" Podría darme la llave? "Could you give me the key?" El jabón huele mal. "The soap has a bad smell." Necesito una toalla. "I need a towel." Canta una canción. "Sing a song." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll introduce you to some more useful phrases for hotels and the like. The first phrase is "When do I pay the accommodation fee?" In Mexico, this is: Cuándo pago la factura? and in English would be translated literally like "When do I pay the invoice?" The first word, Cuándo, means "when" in English. Then you have pago, which means "I pay". After that you have la factura, which is "the invoice" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #38 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 2: I WOULD LI KE MORE OF THI S, PLEAS E 3

200 All together: Cuándo pago la factura? You may also need to ask for toiletries or other items from the hotel staff. Let's try to ask, "Could you give me another soap?" In Spanish this is: " Podría darme otro jabón?". The first word, podría, is translated as "could you" Next we have darme which means "give me". Then we have the word otro that means "another" (in a masculine form). Finally we have jabón that means "soap". All together it is Podría darme otro jabón? Here are some additional things you may ask for when you are staying in a hotel in Mexico. toalla which means "Towel" (feminine). champú "Shampoo" (masculine). pasta de dientes "toothpaste" (feminine). In order to ask for something else all you have to do is to replace the word jabón with any other word. Do not forget to add por favor at the end of the phrase, so your request will sound more polite. In case you want to say "Could you give me a towel?", instead of another towel, you just need to change the word otra, or "another" for una, that means "a". Podría darme una toalla? All together it is Podría darme una toalla? CULTURAL INSIGHT S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #38 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 2: I WOULD LI KE MORE OF THI S, PLEAS E 4

201 Quick tip 1 Tipping is a normal part of the Mexican culture. You can feel free to tip any time you like. Your gesture will definitely be accepted and appreciated. You should also leave a tip for the housekeeping in the room when you leave the hotel. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #38 - MEXI CAN HOTEL, PART 2: I WOULD LI KE MORE OF THI S, PLEAS E 5

202 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #39 Mexican Post Office, Part 1: Sending Letters, Postcards, and Packages Home CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 39 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

203 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Quiero enviar esto a Estados Unidos. 2. Quiero enviar esta postal a Estados Unidos. 3. Quiero enviar esta carta a Estados Unidos. 4. Quiero enviar este paquete a Estados Unidos. ENGLISH 1. I want to send this to the United States. 2. I want to send this postcard to the United States. 3. I want to send this letter to the United States. 4. I want to send this package to the United States. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r quiero (I) want verb esta this adjective feminine esto this demonstrative carta letter noun feminine oficina de correos post office noun feminine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #39 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 1: S ENDI NG LETTERS, POS TCARDS, AND PACKAGES HOME 2

204 a at, to preposition paquete package noun masculine postal postcard noun feminine enviar to send verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Quiero un café. "I want a coffee." Esta chaqueta es verde. "This jacket is green." Quiero esto, por favor. "I want this, please." La persona está enviando una carta. "The person is mailing a letter." La oficina de correos está lejos. "The Post Office is far." A la una de la tarde. "At one p.m." El paquete es pesado. "The package is heavy." Me llegó una postal de mi amiga secreta. "I got a postcard from my secret pal." Carolina envía un paquete a su abuela. "Carolina sends a package to her grandmother." GRAMMAR In this lesson we're going to take a trip to the post office. The post office is called Oficina de Correos. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #39 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 1: S ENDI NG LETTERS, POS TCARDS, AND PACKAGES HOME 3

205 In this lesson, we're going to work on getting your postcards, letters, and packages home. The expression we need to learn is this: "I want to send this to..." and then the desired destination. For this lesson, we'll use the United States. In Spanish "I want to send this to the United States" is: Quiero enviar esto a Estados Unidos. The first word, quiero, is translated as "I want" Next we have enviar, which in English will be "to send". Then we have esto, which means "this". Next we have a, which literally means "to" And at the end, we have the name of the country, in our case Estados Unidos. All together, we have Quiero enviar esto a Estados Unidos. Literally, this means "I want to send this to the United States" Let's look at the other words. We were talking about "packages", "letters", and "postcards", so let's try to send a postcard! "Postcard" in Mexico is called Postal. "I want to send this postcard to the United States" in Spanish is Quiero enviar esta postal a Estados Unidos. We just replace esto, or "this", with esta postal, which means "this postcard" Now let's try with "letter", which in Spanish is carta "This letter" is: By substituting this into the first sentence, we can get: "I want to send this letter to the United States" or Quiero enviar esta carta a Estados Unidos. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #39 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 1: S ENDI NG LETTERS, POS TCARDS, AND PACKAGES HOME 4

206 Now let's try to send a package. In Spanish, "I want to send this package to the United States" is: Quiero enviar este paquete a Estados Unidos. "Package" in Spanish is paquete Since it is a masculine noun, we use este with paquete. Este paquete. Altogether, we have: Quiero enviar este paquete a Estados Unidos. Now the package requires a closer look, which we'll address in the next lesson. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico the Post Office is officially called Correos de México. In order to send your postcard, letter or package, you have to go to a Post Office. There are many Correos de México offices in every city. If you want to ask where the Post Office is, just use the Spanish skills you've learned already with us. "Where is the Post Office?" in Spanish: En dónde está la Oficina de Correos? Quick tip 2 In Mexico you can find DHL, FedEx and USPS. The prices are higher, but if you feel more comfortable using familiar postal services, you should ask instead: En dónde está (store name)? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #39 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 1: S ENDI NG LETTERS, POS TCARDS, AND PACKAGES HOME 5

207 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #40 Mexican Post Office, Part 2: What s in This Package? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 40 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

208 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Qué contiene el paquete? 2. Quiere enviarlo express o normal? 3. Es un envío nacional o internacional? ENGLISH 1. What's in the package? 2. Do you want to send it express or normal? 3. Is it a national or international service? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r internacional international adjective masculine/feminine nacional national adjective envío service/shipment noun masculine qué what adverb enviarlo send it verb Un one, a numeral masculine paquete package noun masculine express priority adjective S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 0 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 2: WHAT S I N THI S PACKAGE? 2

209 contiene have / contain verb quiero (I) want verb o or conjunction es is verb normal normal/regular adjective SAMPLE SENTENCES El proyecto es internacional. "The project is international." El himno nacional es hermoso. "The national song is beautiful." Envié el envío ayer. "I sent the shipment yesterday." Qué es esto? "What is this?" Voy a enviarlo mañana. "I will send it tomorrow." Compré un carro nuevo. "I bought a new car." El paquete es pesado. "The package is heavy." Necesito un servicio express. "I need a priority service." La caja contiene libros. "The box has books." Quiero un café. "I want a coffee." Quieres helado o café? "Do you want ice cream or coffee?" El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 0 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 2: WHAT S I N THI S PACKAGE? 3

210 Es un departamento normal. "It is a regular apartment." GRAMMAR In this lesson we're going to work on getting your package one step closer to its intended destination. In the previous lesson, we discussed the phrase Quiero enviar este paquete a Estados Unidos, meaning "I want to send this package to the United States". Of course we can change "United States" with the name of any other country. When sending a package, you will be asked what is inside the package. In Spanish, "What's in the package?" is Qué contiene el paquete? The first word qué means "what". After this comes the word contiene, which is a form of the verb "to contain". At the end, we have el paquete, meaning "the package". All together, it's Qué contiene el paquete? If you are in a tourist area in Mexico, English is perfectly acceptable for naming all the things you want to send. Another question that you will be asked is "Do you want to send it express or normal?" In Mexico, "express" is also called express. Quiere enviarlo express o normal? The first word, Quiere, is a form of the verb translated as "to want." Then you have enviarlo, which is the verb "to send" and it includes the subject "it". Literally it would be translated as "to send it". Next you have the first option: express, "express". S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 0 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 2: WHAT S I N THI S PACKAGE? 4

211 After that we have o which means "or" At the end we have the second option normal, which means "normal". Altogether, we have: Quiere enviarlo express o normal? Another useful question that you should know how to answer is "Is it a national or international service?". That in Spanish is: Es un envío nacional o internacional? The first word Es is a form of the verb "to be" Then you have un envío which is translated as "a service" Next you have the first option: nacional, or "national" After that we have o which means "or" At the end we have the second option, internacional, which means "international". Once more: Es un envío nacional o internacional? For the rules regarding which things you cannot send abroad, check the website, or ask the post office directly. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Buying stamps in Mexico is very simple. You just have to go to the post office and ask for sellos postales. You will also have to specify the country where your letter will be sent. You can also find sellos postales in most of the office supplies stores. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 0 - MEXI CAN POS T OFFI CE, PART 2: WHAT S I N THI S PACKAGE? 5

212 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #41 A Guide to Foreign Exchange in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 41 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

213 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Hay un cajero automático por aquí? 2. Hay un banco por aquí? 3. Hay una casa de cambio por aquí? 4. En dónde puedo cambiar dinero? 5. Todo? 6. Me podría cambiar este billete, por favor? ENGLISH 1. Is there an ATM near here? 2. Is there a bank near here? 3. Is there an exchange office near here? 4. All of it? 5. Could you exchange this bill for smaller bills, please? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r cajero automático ATM noun masculine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 1 - A GUI DE TO FOREI GN EXCHANGE I N MEXI CO 2

214 todo all, everything adverb casa de cambio exchange office noun feminine dinero money noun masculine banco bank noun masculine cambiar to exchange verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Necesito un cajero automático. "I need an ATM." Todo bien? "Is everything well?" La casa de cambio del aeropuerto es segura. "The exchange office in the airport is safe." Donaré dinero a esa asociación. "I will donate money to that association." Ese banco es nuevo. "That bank is new." Voy a cambiar todo el dinero. "I will exchange all the money." GRAMMAR Exchanging money in Mexico is quite convenient. You can exchange money at airports, special money exchange kiosks and banks, or withdraw money from an ATM. As a general rule, try to find one of the exchange offices in the airport or casas de cambio. They are easy to find because the English term "exchange" is often on the front of the store. First, let's review some previous phrases and patterns we've already covered. In Spanish, "Is there an ATM near here?" is S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 1 - A GUI DE TO FOREI GN EXCHANGE I N MEXI CO 3

215 Hay un cajero automático por aquí? Pay attention to the intonation. You want to make it sound like a question, not like a statement. Now, to ask for a bank. We can just replace the word for "ATM" with the word for "bank" and the phrase works just fine. "Is there a bank near here?" is Hay un banco por aquí? It is simple, as you may have noticed, we just replaced un cajero automático with un banco. Let's ask for "an exchange office" now. It is very similar. You just need to insert the expression una casa de cambio. As you might have noticed, we changed un for una, because the noun casa de cambio is feminine. Let's ask the question, "Is there an exchange office near here?". Hay una casa de cambio por aquí? For times when there is neither a bank nor an ATM, you can ask, "Where can I exchange currency?" In Spanish, this is En dónde puedo cambiar dinero? The first word, En dónde, means "where". Then we have puedo, which means "I can". And cambiar is translated as "to exchange". And at the end we have dinero, the Spanish word for "money". Altogether, we have En dónde puedo cambiar dinero? Literally, this means "Where can (I) exchange money?" When you are exchanging money in Mexico, usually you will be asked todo? A very short question that means "All of it?" Use the numbers we learned in our previous lessons to say how many of them you want to exchange. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 1 - A GUI DE TO FOREI GN EXCHANGE I N MEXI CO 4

216 Todo literally means "everything" but in this situation, it implies the question: "do you want to exchange all the money?" If you want to exchange all the money just say "yes" in Spanish, which is: sí. In case you need smaller units you can go to any shop, supermarket, exchange office, oil station, present the bill to them and ask Me podría cambiar este billete, por favor? In English this means "Could you change this bill for me, please?" The first word, Me, means "to me". Then we have podría, which is translated as "could (you)". Then we have cambiar, which is "to change". Next we have este which means "this". After that we have billete, which means "bill". And at the end, as usual, we have por favor, "please". Here's the question again: Me podría cambiar este billete, por favor? Ask this when you have a big bill that you want to break. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 It is easier and safer to exchange money inside of the airport. If it is possible, just exchange the amount you think you are going to use during your trip. Then, if there is any surplus you can exchange it back to the original currency, right before you leave. Quick tip 2 In Mexico, it could be difficult to find someone willing to break your bill. It's a better idea to buy something small and get your bill broken that way. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 1 - A GUI DE TO FOREI GN EXCHANGE I N MEXI CO 5

217 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #42 Buying Prepaid Cell Phone Cards in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 4 Grammar 6 Cultural Insight # 42 COPYRIGHT 2016 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

218 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. tarjeta de prepago. 2. Vende tarjetas de prepago? 3. Una tarjeta de prepago, por favor. 4. Quiero comprar tiempo aire. 5. Quiero hacer una recarga de cien pesos, por favor. ENGLISH 1. Pre-paid card. 2. Do you sell prepaid cell phone cards? 3. One prepaid cell phone card, please. 4. I want to recharge my prepaid cell phone card. 5. I want to make a hundred pesos recharge, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r prepago (Mexican) pre-paid adjective quiero (Mexican) (I) want verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 2 - BUYI NG PREPAI D CELL PHONE CARDS I N MEXI CO 2

219 hacer (Mexican) make verb comprar (Mexican) buy verb vende (Mexican) sell verb tarjeta (Mexican) card noun feminine aire (Mexican) air noun masculine recarga (Mexican) recharge noun feminine tiempo (Mexican) time noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES La tarjeta de prepago es más barata. "The prepaid card is cheaper." Quiero un café. "I want a coffee." El hombre y la mujer hacen la cena todas las noches. "The man and woman make dinner every night." Voy a comprar todos mis productos alimenticios en el supermercado. "I buy all my groceries at the supermarket." Ella vende dulces. "She sells candies." Compré una tarjeta en el supermercado. "I bought a card in the supermarket." El aire de la ciudad está contaminado. "The city s air is contaminated." Haré una recarga de 100 pesos. "I will make a recharge of 100 pesos." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 2 - BUYI NG PREPAI D CELL PHONE CARDS I N MEXI CO 3

220 El tiempo pasa rápido. "The time goes fast." GRAMMAR Most people wouldn't or couldn't step outside without their cell phones, and some countries might not be covered by your local cell phone carrier. Even if your carrier covers Mexican territory, the fees could be too expensive, so you should consider buying a prepaid phone card for your cell phone. These prepaid cell phone cards are sold in kiosks and phone operator offices. You can find different phone operator offices in any mall or supermarket. These packages include a SIM card with PIN and PUK codes, and of course a Mexican phone number. You can insert the SIM card into your mobile phone, and use it with your new Mexican cell phone number. How easy is that! That is what we will focus on in this lesson. The Spanish expression for "prepaid cell phone card" is tarjeta de prepago. The first word, tarjeta, means "card". Then we have the word de, which means "of " At the end there is the word prepago, which is translated as "prepaid". The whole expression is: tarjeta de prepago Remember it refers to a SIM card, that offers you access to a prepaid service. Therefore, in order to ask "Do you sell prepaid cell phone cards?" say: Vende tarjetas de prepago? The first word, Vende, is translated as "do you sell" Next we have the phrase tarjetas de prepago. As we learned before, it means "prepaid cards" in English. In this case, the word tarjeta is in plural: tarjetas, to fit in the context of the sentence. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 2 - BUYI NG PREPAI D CELL PHONE CARDS I N MEXI CO 4

221 Altogether, we have "Do you sell prepaid cell phone cards?" In Spanish: Vende tarjetas de prepago? The answer to this will be sí which is "yes" or no which is "no". If they do have the cards, you'll want to ask for one. Let's try to ask for "one prepaid cell phone card". Una tarjeta de prepago, por favor. Una means "one" in a feminine form. Usually, the new prepaid cell phone cards have 100 pesos. If you plan on using the phone a lot, that probably won't be enough for you. In that case you'll have to recharge it. In order to do that, say: Quiero comprar tiempo aire. This literally means, "I want to buy air-time", and does not make any sense in English. But that is the common way to ask to recharge your prepaid cell phone card in Mexico. The first word, quiero, means "I want" Next we have the verb comprar, which literally means "to buy". It's followed by the word tiempo, which means "time" At the end we have the word aire, which literally means "air". We know that we can not translate this sentence literally, but in English the meaning would be: "I want to recharge my prepaid cell phone card". Then, he or she will ask you the number. You can just write it down, or you can practice saying the numbers in Spanish, one by one. Let's imagine you want to recharge your account with "100 pesos", or cien pesos. In that case, you say: Quiero hacer una recarga de cien pesos, por favor. Let's break it down: S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 2 - BUYI NG PREPAI D CELL PHONE CARDS I N MEXI CO 5

222 Qui-e-ro hacer una re-car-ga de ci-en pe-sos, por fa-vor. Quiero, as we learned before, means "I want" Hacer is the verb "to do" Next we have una recarga, that means "a recharge" De cien pesos is literally translated as "of hundred pesos". And finally por favor, which means "please". Here's the entire sentence: Quiero hacer una recarga de cien pesos, por favor. This literally means, "I want to make a hundred pesos recharge, please." For a "200 pesos" recharge, you just have to change the value in the sentence. Instead of cien, say doscientos. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 The big mobile phone companies in Mexico are Telcel and Movistar. There is another company called Iusacell, but they do not sell SIM cards. Quick tip 2 As you may know, there are different cellular phone frequencies in the world, in Mexico the 850mhz and 1900mhz are the most common. If your phone doesn't support that frequencies, you don't need to worry, you can just buy a cheap cell phone (there are some that cost as little as US$ 5). S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 2 - BUYI NG PREPAI D CELL PHONE CARDS I N MEXI CO 6

223 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #43 Renting a Vehicle in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 43 COPYRIGHT 2014 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

224 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Quiero rentar un carro. 2. Quiero rentar una motocicleta. 3. Quiero rentar una bicicleta. 4. Cuándo tengo que devolverlo? 5. Podría devolverlo en otro lugar? ENGLISH 1. I want to rent a car. 2. I want to rent a motorcycle. 3. I want to rent a bike. 4. When do I have to return it? 5. Can I return it somewhere else? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r lugar place noun masculine rentar to rent verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 3 - RENTI NG A VEHI CLE I N MEXI CO 2

225 cuándo when adverb motocicleta motorcycle noun feminine tengo (I) have verb carro car noun masculine bicicleta bike noun feminine devolverlo return it verb otro another adverb SAMPLE SENTENCES En este lugar nací. "I was born in this place." Voy a rentar un carro. "I will rent a car." Cuándo es la fiesta? "When is the party?" No sé cómo manejar una motocicleta. "I do not know how to ride a motorcycle." Tengo un gato. "I have a cat." Mi carro es muy viejo. "My car is very old." Me gusta andar en bicicleta. "I like to ride a bike." Tengo que devolverlo en el mismo lugar. "I have to return to the same place." Mañana es mi otro examen. "Tomorrow is my other exam." Tengo otro teléfono. "I have another phone." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 3 - RENTI NG A VEHI CLE I N MEXI CO 3

226 GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll introduce you to a phrase that will help you get to any place you'd like to go! In some cities, like Mexico City, Monterrey and Guadalajara, trains and subways are the best way to travel. But if you are going to any other part of Mexico, and you don't feel like exercising too much, we recommend that you rent a car. In Spanish, "I want to rent a car" is Quiero rentar un carro. The first word, quiero, is a form of the verb "to want". Next comes rentar, which is translated as "to rent" Then we have un carro, which means "a car". The whole sentence again is: Quiero rentar un carro. If you feel more intrepid and you would like to ride a motorcycle, you can just substitute un carro, or "a car", for una motocicleta, "a motorcycle." It's a feminine noun, so we need to change un for una. Let's use it in our sentence now, "I want to rent a motorcycle": Quiero rentar una motocicleta. Now, if what you want is to stay in shape during your trip to Mexico, you should rent a bike. The word for "bike" in Spanish is bicicleta. It's also a feminine noun, so we use una. The sentence "I want to rent a bike" in Spanish is: Quiero rentar una bicicleta. If you're renting something, it's also important to know when you have to return it! This is the phrase you can use to make sure you return it on time. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 3 - RENTI NG A VEHI CLE I N MEXI CO 4

227 In Spanish, "When do I have to return it?" is: Cuándo tengo que devolverlo? The first word, cuándo, means "when." Next we have tengo, which means "I have". Then we have que which literally means "that". At the end, we have the word devolverlo, which means "return it". Let's hear the whole sentence one more time... Cuándo tengo que devolverlo? You may want to return it at a different location. In Spanish, "Can I return it somewhere else?" is Podría devolverlo en otro lugar? The first word, podría, means "could I". Next we have devolverlo, translated as "to return it" And then we have en, which means "in" Next we have otro, which means "other" And at the end of the question, we have the word lugar which means "place". The entire sentence again: Podría devolverlo en otro lugar? The answer could be sí meaning "yes", or no meaning "no". If the answer is yes, they will let you know the name of the location where you can return it. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 3 - RENTI NG A VEHI CLE I N MEXI CO 5

228 Make sure your drivers license is valid in Mexican territory, because the police could ask you to show them the license at anytime. "Could I see your drivers license?" would sound in Spanish like: Podría ver su licencia de manejo? S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 3 - RENTI NG A VEHI CLE I N MEXI CO 6

229 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #44 Do You Have an English Guide in Mexico? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 44 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

230 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Tiene una guía en inglés? 2. Tiene una guía en francés? 3. Tiene una guía en alemán? ENGLISH 1. Do you have an English guide? 2. Do you have a French guide? 3. Do you have a German guide? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r tiene (he, she, it, you *formal) have verb Alemán German noun masculine Inglés English noun masculine guía guide noun feminine Francés French noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 4 - DO YOU HAVE AN ENGLI S H GUI DE I N MEXI CO? 2

231 Tiene un perro. "He has a dog." El idioma alemán es fácil. "The German language is easy." El idioma inglés es dificíl. "The English language is difficult." La guía está muy larga. "The guide is too long." Él habla francés. "He speaks French." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll introduce you to a crucial phrase for travelers who are interested in learning more about the tourist attractions in Mexico. Because learning about the history and the cultural significance of places you visit, can be just as rewarding as seeing them. And you might want to read something written in your own language. So let's learn how to ask "Do you have an English guide?" In Spanish, "Do you have an English guide?" is: Tiene una guía en inglés? The first word, Tiene, is a form of the verb "to have". Next we have una guía which means "a guide". Then we have en inglés which means "in English". Altogether, we have: Tiene una guía en inglés? This sentence refers to a pamphlet about the exhibitions displayed in the museum, or archeological area. To ask for a guide in a different language, we can just replace the word for "English" with the S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 4 - DO YOU HAVE AN ENGLI S H GUI DE I N MEXI CO? 3

232 word for any other language and it works just fine. Let's try with "French". "Do you have a French guide?" is Tiene una guía en francés? The only thing that changes is the language. In this case, it's francés, "French". Now let's try with German! In Spanish, "German" is alemán. "Do you have a German guide?" is Tiene una guía en alemán? See, it's a piece of cake! CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In any tourist spot in Mexico, you will find information in English. In the most famous and popular parts of Mexico (like Mexico City and Cancún), you will find information in many other languages, like: French, German, Italian, Japanese, and Chinese. Quick tip 2 Here are some other languages you might need to ask about: "Portuguese" portugués "Italian" italiano S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 4 - DO YOU HAVE AN ENGLI S H GUI DE I N MEXI CO? 4

233 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #45 How Do You Eat This Mexican Food? CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 45 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

234 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Cómo se come esto? 2. Esta comida es pesada? 3. Esta comida es picante? ENGLISH 1. How do you eat this? 2. Is this food heavy? 3. Is this food spicy? VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r picante spicy adjective Cómo how adverb comida food noun feminine esto this demonstrative es is verb come eat verb Esta this adverb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 5 - HOW DO YOU EAT THI S MEXI CAN FOOD? 2

235 pesada heavy adjective SAMPLE SENTENCES La comida mexicana es picante. "Mexican food is spicy." Buenas. Cómo le va? "Hi, how's it going?" Estoy preparando la comida. "I am making food." Quiero esto, por favor. "I want this, please." El plato favorito de mi hermano es la cecina. "My brother's favorite plate is the cured meat." El come mucho. "He eats a lot." Esta tarde iré al doctor. "This afternoon I am going to the doctor." La maleta está pesada. "This suitcase is heavy." GRAMMAR In Mexico, there are many delicious dishes. We've already covered how to order them, but now it's time to learn how to eat them! That's not always so obvious. In this lesson, you'll learn how to ask, "How do you eat this?" In Spanish, "How do you eat this?" is Cómo se come esto? The first word, Cómo, means "how." S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 5 - HOW DO YOU EAT THI S MEXI CAN FOOD? 3

236 Then we have se come, which is translated as "is eaten" Next comes esto, which means "this" The whole question once again is: Cómo se come esto? Literally translated, it's "How is this eaten?" Usually it is easy to guess how a certain Mexican dish has to be eaten, but if you're dealing with traditional meals, things might get a little bit complicated. So it's good to know this phrase. Now that you know how to eat the dish, you might be worried about whether it's healthy or not. Mexican food is famous because of its richness. If you are concerned about calories, you can ask "Is this food heavy?" which in Spanish is: Esta comida es pesada? The first word, esta, means "this" and comida means "food". The two words together make esta comida, "this food". Next we have es, which means "is" And at the end comes the word pesada, which means "heavy". Altogether, it becomes Esta comida es pesada? If you don't mind about calories, and what worries you is your stomach, you might like to ask how spicy the dish is. Mexican people can tolerate spicy food easily, but before you eat, you should ask "Is this food spicy?". In Spanish, that's... Esta comida es picante? In this sentence, we just changed the word pesada meaning "heavy" for picante meaning "spicy". Altogether, it becomes S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 5 - HOW DO YOU EAT THI S MEXI CAN FOOD? 4

237 Esta comida es picante? CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 There are all kinds of restaurants in Mexico. If you want to take a break from the Mexican food during your trip, you can find any kind of food you would like to eat. Even in the hotel's restaurant, you can order a sandwich or a salad. Quick tip 2 Traditional Mexican cuisine is a fusion between indigenous cooking and Spanish cooking. The main ingredients are corn, beans, rice, and many kinds of chilli, as well as local vegetables and fruits. During your trip to Mexico, some of the dishes you can not miss are: Mexican tacos: Mexican people eat soft tortillas, not the crunchy tacos that you can find in United States. You would be surprised to taste how different the real Mexican tacos are. There are many kinds, from pork skin to vegetarian. So go ahead and taste as many as you want! Quesadillas: It is possible to find quesadillas in almost every restaurant in Mexico, even in big restaurant chains. But if you want to try the traditional, hand-made quesadilla, you should stop by the indigenous food stands that you can find around the tourist spots. Tamales: This dish is one of the most popular among Mexican people; it is made of corn and stuffed with different ingredients: cheese and red pepper, chicken and green chilli or raisins and sugar are the three most common flavors. You will be able to find tamales on every corner. There are many more dishes you can try in Mexico, and we could write a whole book about Mexican food. Keep in mind that Mexican cuisine was added to the world's "intangible cultural heritage" by UNESCO, so don't miss the chance to try it! S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 5 - HOW DO YOU EAT THI S MEXI CAN FOOD? 5

238 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #46 Being Vegetarian in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 5 Cultural Insight # 46 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

239 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Soy vegetariano. 2. No como carne. 3. No como queso. 4. Esta comida contiene carne? 5. No como carne de puerco. ENGLISH 1. I am a vegetarian. 2. I don't eat meat. 3. I don't eat cheese. 4. Does this food contain meat? 5. I don t eat pork. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r contiene content verb puerco pork noun masculine S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 6 - BEI NG VEGETARI AN I N MEXI CO 2

240 vegetariano vegetarian adjective comida food noun feminine carne meat noun feminine como eat verb queso cheese noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Esta galleta contiene mantequilla. "This cookie contains butter." Quiero comer carne de puerco. "I want to eat pork." Mi hermano es vegetariano. "My brother is a vegetarian." Estoy preparando la comida. "I am making food." A mi hermano le gusta comer carne. "My brother likes to eat meat." Yo como ensalada todos los días. "I eat salad every day." Me gusta el queso. "I like cheese." GRAMMAR This lesson is not just for all of the vegetarians out there, but it's also for anyone with an aversion, or even an allergy to a particular food! There are many reasons a person won't eat a particular food, and there may be times when communicating this is necessary. In this lesson, we'll go over some phrases to make sure you don't get any unwanted surprises on your plate. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 6 - BEI NG VEGETARI AN I N MEXI CO 3

241 In Spanish, "I am a vegetarian" is Soy vegetariano. The first word Soy means "I am". Then we have vegetariano. It's easy to guess the meaning. It's "vegetarian" in English, with a slight pronunciation change and an "o" at the end. Let's hear the whole sentence one more time - Soy vegetariano. This means, "I am a vegetarian". Another way you can communicate that you don't eat a particular food is by saying just that! In Spanish, "I don't eat meat" is No como carne. The first word no means "no", as we have learned in our previous lessons. Next, we have como, which is a form of the verb that means "to eat". Last we have carne, which means "meat". Altogether, we have No como carne. Let's now imagine that you don't eat cheese. All you have to do is to replace carne with the Spanish word for "cheese". That is queso. Now let's try the phrase with this word. "I don't eat cheese" in Spanish: No como queso. If you want to make sure some food doesn't have an ingredient you can't or you don't want to eat, you should simply ask about it. For example, if you want to make sure a meal doesn't have meat, you should ask, Esta comida contiene carne?, which means "Does this food contain meat?" S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 6 - BEI NG VEGETARI AN I N MEXI CO 4

242 The first word esta means "this", in a feminine form. Then you have comida, which means "food". Next we have contiene which is a verb that means "to contain". As you can remember the next word, carne, from the sentence above means "meat". Let's imagine that you don't eat pork, and you have to be more specific. It's very simple. "I don't eat pork" is: No como carne de puerco. The only new words are de puerco. In this case de puerco is translated as "of pork". The whole sentence is literally: No como carne de puerco. "I don't eat pork meat." CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In general, meat dishes are very common in Mexico. However, there are many options for vegetarian people too, since the base of the Mexican diet is corn, beans and local vegetables, like peppers, zucchini, and tomatoes. Quick tip 2 In the biggest cities of Mexico, there are all kind of communities, such as Jewish and Muslim. Therefore, you can find any kind of food in the big supermarkets and malls. If you go to Mexico City, and you want to eat traditional Jewish food, you should visit Polanco; there you will find a big Orthodox Jewish community. If you are interested in any other kind of food, you can just look for options on the Internet or ask the hotel staff. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 6 - BEI NG VEGETARI AN I N MEXI CO 5

243 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #47 Asking for Help in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 3 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 47 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

244 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Ayuda! 2. Llame al cero sesenta y seis! 3. Llame a la policía! 4. Llame a los bomberos! 5. Llame una ambulancia. ENGLISH 1. Help! 2. Call the 066! 3. Call the police! 4. Call the firemen! 5. Call an ambulance. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r ayuda help noun feminine llame call verb S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 7 - AS KI NG FOR HELP I N MEXI CO 2

245 policía police noun feminine bomberos firemen noun masculine SAMPLE SENTENCES Necesito ayuda. "I need help." Llame a la policía! "Call the police!" Mi amigo trabaja para la policía. "My friend works for the police." Los bomberos son muy valientes. "The firemen are very brave." GRAMMAR In this lesson, we'll introduce you to some phrases that we hope you won't have to use during your trip to Mexico. As long as you do not venture farther than the tourist areas of Mexico, you will be safe for sure. But if you want to explore a little bit more, you should always be careful. This phrase is not limited to threatening situations, and you can also use it if you, or someone around you, is in need of immediate assistance. In this lesson, we'll learn how to call for help. As you know, bad things can happen all over the world, even if you are having a good vacation in Mexico. So, it's better if you know some useful phrases to use in case of emergency. In Mexico, "Help!" is Ayuda! The emergency phone numbers in Mexico are 066 to call the police, or 065 if it is a medical emergency. You can call from a public phone, or from a cell phone. It is free of charge. "Call the 066!" in Spanish is Llame al cero sesenta y seis! The first word, llame, is a form of the verb "to call". It refers to a phone call. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 7 - AS KI NG FOR HELP I N MEXI CO 3

246 The second word, al means "the". At the end we have cero sesenta y seis, which means "066". The whole expression is Llame al cero sesenta y seis! If you don't remember the number, you can also say: "Call the police!" In Spanish that is: Llame a la policía! After the verb "to call", llame, we have a la policía, that means "the police". If you need to call the fire department, say: Llame a los bomberos! The words los bomberos are literally translated as "the firemen". The whole expression one more time is: Llame a los bomberos! Literally translated it's "Call the firemen!" Another useful expression is "Call an ambulance". Llame una ambulancia. The words una ambulancia mean "an ambulance". The whole sentence is: Llame una ambulancia. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico, there are many wonderful tourist and safe areas. But you also might have heard of some dangerous areas in Mexico. By avoiding such places, you should be as safe as in your home country. Some general recommendations, are to stay around the tourist areas, don't go out by yourself at night, and don't expose your belongings while walking around or taking S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 7 - AS KI NG FOR HELP I N MEXI CO 4

247 public transportation. Quick tip 2 Ask your country's embassy about the dangerous zones of Mexico; they will let you know which places are better to avoid. Other than those places, Mexico is a safe and fun country where you can have lots of fun with your family and friends. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 7 - AS KI NG FOR HELP I N MEXI CO 5

248 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #48 Getting Medical Assistance in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 2 Grammar 3 Cultural Insight # 48 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

249 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Me siento muy enfermo. 2. Llame una ambulancia, por favor. ENGLISH 1. I feel very sick. 2. Call an ambulance, please. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r muy very pronoun enfermo sick noun masculine me I, to me pronoun siento feel verb SAMPLE SENTENCES Ese perro es muy pequeño. "That dog is very small." Ella está enferma. "She's sick." Me duele el estómago. "My stomach hurts." Me siento muy cansado. "I feel very tired." GRAMMAR S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 8 - GETTI NG MEDI CAL AS S I S TANCE I N MEXI CO 2

250 In this lesson, we'll introduce you to some phrases you can use in case you need medical assistance. Sometimes the body takes a little time to adjust to traveling, and your immune system is often exposed to completely new things. In this lesson, we'll go over some phrases that will help you get medical assistance. When a person feels sick, usually he or she will want to communicate that to others, either to get medical help, or just to get some empathy and general care. We'll start with the phrase "I feel very sick". In Spanish, this is: Me siento muy enfermo. First, we have me siento, which means "I feel (myself)". Next we have muy, which means "very". At the end we have the word enfermo, and this in English means "sick". Altogether, we have "I feel very sick". Me siento muy enfermo. Let's say you think that your health condition is serious, and you need an ambulance. The way to say "Call an ambulance, please", in Spanish is: Llame una ambulancia, por favor. The first word, llame, is a form of the verb "to call". After that we have una ambulancia, which means "an ambulance" in English. And at the end comes por favor. The whole phrase once again is: Llame una ambulancia, por favor. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 8 - GETTI NG MEDI CAL AS S I S TANCE I N MEXI CO 3

251 In Mexico, the health system is a bit complicated. In general, there are governmental hospitals and clinics, and private hospitals and clinics. If your condition is serious and you have to get medical treatment in Mexico, you can have access to the private services. In case you need general medical treatment, you should ask the hotel staff, as some hotels have medical personnel working for them. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 8 - GETTI NG MEDI CAL AS S I S TANCE I N MEXI CO 4

252 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #49 Explaining Symptoms in Mexican Spanish CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 49 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

253 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Un antigripal, por favor. 2. Tengo dolor de cabeza. 3. Tengo dolor de estómago. ENGLISH 1. A cold medicine, please. 2. I have a headache. 3. I have a stomachache. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r antigripal cold medicine noun masculine estómago stomach noun masculine dolor pain noun masculine Tengo have verb cabeza head noun feminine SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 9 - EXPLAI NI NG S YMPTOMS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 2

254 Ella no quiere tomar el antigripal. "She doesn't want to take cold medicine." Mi estómago está vacio. "My stomach is empty." Ella siente mucho dolor. "She feels a lot of pain." Tengo un gato. "I have a cat." La cabeza de mi gato es grande. "My cat s head is big." GRAMMAR Let's say that you are feeling a bit sick, but it is not that serious, so you just need to get some over-the-counter medication in the pharmacy. In this case, you might need to explain what's bothering you to the pharmacist. In this lesson, you'll learn how to explain the most common symptoms in order to get the right treatment. Let's say you just have a regular cold, and you know that some cold medicine would be enough. In Spanish, "cold medicine" is antigripal. Literally, you'd ask "A cold medicine, please" which in Spanish is: Un antigripal, por favor. The first word, un, means "a" or "an" Then you have antigripal, which means "cold medicine". And at the end, we have por favor. Altogether, that is: Un antigripal, por favor. Now, it's time to learn how to explain your symptoms in Spanish. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 9 - EXPLAI NI NG S YMPTOMS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 3

255 "I have a headache" is Tengo dolor de cabeza. The first word is tengo, which means "(I) have". Next we have dolor de, which in English means literally "pain of". Then we have cabeza, which in English means "head". Tengo dolor de cabeza is the way to say "I have a headache" If it's your stomach that's hurting, you can say "I have a stomachache". In Spanish, that's... Tengo dolor de estómago. We just replaced cabeza from the previous sentence with estómago, the word for "stomach". Let's hear the entire sentence again. Tengo dolor de estómago. This sentence is easy to use for other aches too - just change the word estómago with any other body part that is causing you pain. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 In Mexico, you don't need a medical prescription for most of the medications. If you happened to forget or if you lost your blood pressure pills, for example, you could just give the name of the medication to the pharmacist and you would be able to buy it without a problem. Quick tip 2 The name of over-the-counter medications in Mexico is practically the same as in the United States. So you can find any famous cold medication or cough drops in any pharmacy. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #4 9 - EXPLAI NI NG S YMPTOMS I N MEXI CAN S PANI S H 4

256 LESSON NOTES Survival Phrases S2 #50 Explaining Allergies in Mexico CONTENTS 2 Mexican Spanish 2 English 2 Vocabulary 2 Sample Sentences 3 Grammar 4 Cultural Insight # 50 COPYRIGHT 2013 INNOVATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNING. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

257 MEXICAN SPANISH 1. Soy alérgico a este producto. 2. Soy alérgico al gluten. 3. Soy alérgico a los mariscos ENGLISH 1. I m allergic to this product. 2. I m allergic to gluten. 3. I m allergic to seafood. VOCABULARY S panish English C lass Ge nde r glúten gluten noun masculine mariscos seafood noun masculine Soy I am verb este this este Producto Product noun masculine alérgico allergic adjective a at, to preposition SAMPLE SENTENCES S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #50 - EXPLAI NI NG ALLERGI ES I N MEXI CO 2

258 El glúten es un aminoácido. "Gluten is an aminoacid." Los mariscos son comunes en mi país. "Seafood is common in my country." Soy maestro. "I am a teacher." Este libro pesa mucho. "This book is very heavy." El producto está bajo la mesa. "The product is under the table." No soy alérgico a nada. "I'm not allergic to anything." A la una de la tarde. "At one p.m." GRAMMAR An allergy is a condition that will be with you even during your vacations, and there's always the risk of encountering the cause of your allergy. In this lesson, you'll learn how to explain your allergy or allergies to others, in Spanish. In Spanish, "I'm allergic to this product" is: Soy alérgico a este producto. The first word Soy is a form of the verb "to be". The second word alérgico means "allergic". Next we have a which means "to". It's followed by the words este producto, which are translated as "this product". If you're a woman, you should say alérgica instead of alérgico. While you are saying this phrase, you should point at the product that causes your allergy. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #50 - EXPLAI NI NG ALLERGI ES I N MEXI CO 3

259 If you have a gluten allergy, the phrase will sound like this - Soy alérgico al gluten. This means "I am allergic to gluten". In this sentence, first we have Soy alérgico, which means "I am allergic". Then we have the word al, that in English means "to the". The last word, gluten, as you may have guessed, means "gluten". If during your trip to Mexico, you visit some city close to the ocean, one of the main ingredients in any restaurant would be seafood. So if you're allergic to it, remember the next sentence. First is the Spanish word for "seafood", which is: mariscos. "I'm allergic to seafood" is: Soy alérgico a los mariscos. CULTURAL INSIGHT Quick tip 1 Many Mexican products and dishes contains nuts, especially peanuts. So if you are allergic to them, you should always ask in the restaurant to make sure your food is free of this ingredients. The way to specify in Mexico that you are allergic to peanuts is: Soy alérgico a los cacahuates. If you want to say in general "I am allergic to nuts", you would use the phrase: Soy alérgico a las nueces. Quick tip 2 The word alérgico, that we have been using frequently in this lesson, is the Spanish masculine form of the word "allergic". In case the person that has the allergy is a woman, the word alérgica, which is the feminine form of the word "allergic", would fit better. As you can see, we just need to change the letter "o" for the letter "a", at the end of the word. For example: Soy alérgica a las nueces. S PANI S HPOD101.COM S URVI VAL PHRAS ES S 2 #50 - EXPLAI NI NG ALLERGI ES I N MEXI CO 4

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