dog(s) vs. female dog(s) perro(s) vs. perra(s) gender and number of nouns

Transcription

1 Español para Conversacion Diaria > Nivel Blanco Capítulo 5: Describing Items dog(s) vs. female dog(s) perro(s) vs. perra(s) gender and number of nouns i.e. Las sillas son negras y el escritorio es blanco. Explicación - Tarea - Actividades Explicación: (leer en casa, antes de la clase) In English, words that represent things do not have gender. In Spanish, in contrast, words that represent things are always either masculine or feminine. The word "jardin" (garden), for example, is always masculine and the word "pelota" (ball) is always feminine. In Spanish, in most cases, it's very easy to know which word is masculine or feminine. Most words that represent things including concepts that end in o are masculine: car bank cars banks carro banco carros bancos it ends in -o it ends in -os Most words that represent things including concepts that end in a, in contrast, are feminine: office table offices tables oficina mesa oficinas mesas it ends in -a it ends in -as Words that represent people match the natural gender of the person. If it ends in o refers to a male individual or animal. If it ends in a refers to a female individual or animal. girl = niña boy = niño female dog = perra dog = perro

2 Words that represent male people sometimes end in consonant. In this case you may add -a for the feminine equivalent. professor = profesor (female) professor = profesora judge = juez (female) judge = jueza Especial cases masculine words that end in -a the day the map the planet el día el mapa el planeta the language the problem the weather the program the system el idioma el problema el clima el programa el sistema feminine words that end in -o the hand the radio la mano la radio feminine words that start with stressed a and end with -a, but use "El" the pure water el agua pura

3 the white eagle the good soul el aguila blanca el alma buena feminine words that have endings in cia, -eza/-nza, -ción, -dad, -sis, -umbre, -tad/ tud the difference the presence la diferencia la presencia the laziness the hope la pereza la esperanza the room the conversation the nation la habitación la conversación la nación the city the truth the happiness la ciudad la verdad la felicidad the thesis the crisis la tesis la crisis the crowd the uncertainty la muchedumbre la incertidumbre the freedom the attitude la libertad la actitud

4 Remember, when you want to modify a masculine or feminine word, the modifier word should also be masculine or femenine. Some words never change: the district attorney = el/la fiscal the student = el/la estudiante the singer = el/la cantante the dentist = el/la dentista the tourist = el/la turista More than one Words in Spanish change to their plural forms by adding the letters -s or -es. If the singular word ends in a, e, o we make the plural by adding s and using los, las, unos o unas instead of el, la, un, or una. Examples books phones tables chairs libros teléfonos mesas sillas If the singular word ends in a consonant or in i or u we make the plural by adding es and using the plural article Examples papers flowers countries months menus rubies papeles flores paises meses menúes rubíes Exceptions 1. When the noun ends in a z we change z to c and add -es:

5 one thing more than one pencil fish voice lápiz pez voz lápices peces voces 2. Nouns of more than one syllable ending in an unstressed vowel plus s do not add a plural ending: thursday crisis one thing jueves crisis more than one jueves crisis 3. When referring to a group of people with males and females, we use the masculine plural noun: more than one male girls and boys brothers and sisters amigos hermanos 4. If the noun ends in ión we drop the accent and add es: one thing more than one talk la conversación las conversaciones tv set la televisión las televisiones truck el camión los camiones opinion la opinión las opiniones Tarea de preparación: (hacer en casa, antes de clase) 1. Complete the following activity: Make these phrases plural.

6 Actividades: (en clase) 1. Present your written homework and discuss accordingly. 2. Complete the name of each picture following the hints in Practicamos. Classify the words using the symbols next to them. 3. Describe some products that you have in stock. Use as a reference the following vocabulary: Materiales y diseño. Capítulo 4 <- Cinturón Blanco -> Capítulo 6 Everyday Conversation - White Belt Copyright SpanishBlackbelt.com - All rights reserved.

7 Capítulo 5 <- Cuál es el plural de estas palabras? Escribes en el espacio en blanco el plural de las palabras listadas. carro carros oficina día hijo gata papel problema flor estudiante mes dentista lápiz habitación profesor profesora camión juez país pez jueves

8 Cinturón Blanco <- Capítulo 5 <- Copyright SpanishBlackbelt.com - All rights reserved.

9 Masculino? Femenino? 1. Complete the name of each picture. 2. Follow the hints that are between parentheses. 3. Classify the words using the appropriate symbol for each case. Remember, words that represent things are always either masculine or feminine. The word "jardín" (garden), for example, is always masculine and the word "pelota" (ball) is always feminine. D! ( de San Patricio) _ O E (Es romántica) C R_ (Es rápido híbrido) _A _ O (Son limpias y bonitas) _ A O (Donna Summer) _ D M _ S (Para todos es importante hablar muchos ) P_ O E (Todos los hombres locos son...) Copyright Spanishblackbelt.com A A (Después de estar en el bar con mis amigos )

10 T _ L_ V_ S _ (Es moderna) P _ A_ E (Bruce Willis y Hollywood) F_O _ (Es romántica) M A (Robinson Crusoe) P _ O_ R_ M_ (Mi esposo/novio/padre y el control remoto) P _ L U _ A (Mi esposa/novia/madre y el control remoto) B _ LL _T _ (Jorge Washington) P _ S _ A _O (Siempre en el plato) Copyright Spanishblackbelt.com

11 Por materiales fold line Copyright Spanishblackbelt.com Metal Wood Cloth Please cut, fold and glue as needed Tela fold line Papel Vidrio Plástico Metal Madera Plastic Glass Paper

12 Diseño fold line Copyright Spanishblackbelt.com Flowery Spotted Plaid Please cut, fold and glue as needed De lunares fold line De rayas Liso De flores De cuadros Plain Striped