UNIT 4 1. (turn over) Reading a Magazine

Transcription

1 UNIT 4 1 P. 2 3 Reading a Magazine (Margaret knocks at Tom s door.) (Margaret bussa alla porta di Tom.) Marg. - TOM! TOM! It is time for lunch! Tom - COME IN, dear! Marg. W hat are you doing, dear? Are you writing that letter to your brother James? Tom - No, dear. I am reading The New American, my favourite magazine. Marg. - W hy are you always reading that boring magazine? Tom - Because there are a lot of beautiful pictures in it. And there are always many interesting articles too. Listen to this, for example. It says, There are many pretty women in the world. But there are very few beautiful women. Beautiful women are rare." Marg. - W ho is a beautiful woman, according to you? Tom - Hm well La Gioconda, for example... and... and... Demi Moore... and Julia Roberts... er... Marg. - Yes, Tom dear, and...? Tom - W ell, dear, you are not beautiful, but you are very, very pretty. Marg. - Oh! - Tom!? Tom - Yes, dear? Marg. - According to you, is your cousin Mary pretty? Tom - W ell... er... no. (turn over)

2 UNIT 4 2 (continuation) Reading a Magazine Marg. - No, she is not pretty. She is ugly! Tom - You always exaggerate, Margaret. Poor Mary is not ugly, she is only plain. W hy are you so unkind? Marg. - I am sorry, Tom. Tom - Very well. - Now listen! This article also says that a lot of women are vain and silly. But, on the contrary, there are only very few vain men. Marg. - W hat nonsense! Tom - Ha ha ha PRONUNCIATION say = sei says = sez = pronuncia Le parole sottolineate vanno pronunciate con più enfasi.

3 UNIT 4 3 GERUND = gerundio Il gerundio si forma aggiungendo -ing all infinito senza to. INFINITIVE GERUND to read leggere reading leggendo to write scrivere writing scrivendo to do fare doing facendo to exaggerate esagerare exaggerating esagerando to think pensare thinking pensando to learn imparare learning imparando to work lavorare working lavorando to swim nuotare swimming nuotando to stop fermare stopping fermando to run correre running correndo NOTE 1. Se il verbo termina con e muta, prima di aggiungere -ing si toglie la e. to write writing etc. 2. Se il verbo è monosillabico e termina con una sola consonante preceduta da una sola vocale, prima di aggiungere -ing raddoppia la consonante finale. to swim to stop to run swimming stopping running etc. NOTA In un altra Unit studieremo le altre variazioni ortografiche che alcuni verbi subiscono prima di aggiungere -ing.

4 UNIT 4 4 to read = leggere PRESENT SIMPLE = presente semplice I read = io leggo you read = tu leggi he reads = egli legge we read = noi leggiamo you read = voi leggete they read = essi leggono PRESENT CONTINUOUS = presente continuo FORMA POSITIVA FORMA INTERROGATIVA I am reading = io sto leggendo am I reading? you are reading = tu stai leggendo are you reading? he is reading = egli sta leggendo is he reading? we are reading = noi stiamo leggendo are we reading? you are reading = voi state leggendo are you reading? they are reading = essi stanno leggendo are they reading? FORMA NEGATIVA FORMA INTERROGATIVA NEGATIVA I am not reading am I not reading? you are not reading are you not reading? he is not reading is he not reading? we are not reading are we not reading? you are not reading are you not reading? they are not reading are they not reading?

5 UNIT 4 5 PRESENT SIMPLE = presente semplice Il presente semplice si usa per esprimere azioni che si compiono abitualmente. I read Time Magazine. (Io leggo la rivista TIME.) (di solito, abitualmente) PRESENT CONTINUOUS = presente continuo Il presente continuo si usa per esprimere azioni che stanno avvenendo nel momento in cui si parla. I am reading Time Magazine. (Io sto leggendo la rivista TIME.) W hat are you doing? (in questo momento) (Cosa stai facendo?) Are you writing that letter to your brother James? (Stai scrivendo quella lettera a tuo fratello James?) I am reading The New American. (Io sto leggendo The New American.) W hy are you reading that boring magazine? (Perché stai leggendo quella noiosa rivista?) W ARNING to be = essere; stare Quando il verbo to be è seguito dal gerundio, prende il significato di: stare. I am reading. = Io sto leggendo. He is writing. They are swimming. = Egli sta scrivendo. = Essi stanno nuotando.

6 UNIT What? = Quale? - W hat is your name? Qual è il tuo nome? - W hat is your address? Qual è il tuo indirizzo? - W hat is your telephone number? Qual è il tuo numero di telefono? 2. What? = Che cosa? Cosa? Che? - W hat are you doing? Che cosa stai facendo? - W hat are you reading? Cosa stai leggendo? 3. What! = Che! W hat nonsense! Che sciocchezza! W hat good coffee! Che buon caffè! <<<<< >>>>> There is = c è - vi è Forma Positiva Singolare > There is an interesting article in the magazine. There are = ci sono - vi sono Forma Positiva Plurale > There are many beautiful pictures in it. Is there? Forma Interrogativa Singolare > Is there an interesting article in the magazine? Are there? Forma Interrogativa Plurale > Are there many beautiful pictures in it? There is not There are not There isn t There aren t Forma Negativa Singolare Forma Negativa Plurale Forme Contratte

7 UNIT 4 7 Traduzione di molto molti In frasi interrogative e negative much = molto -a > I haven t much time. many = molti -e > Are there many pictures in the magazine? There are not many beautiful women in the world. In frasi positive (al singolare) *** a lot of = molto -a > I have a lot of time. I have much time. Errore! plenty of = molto -a > They have plenty of money. In frasi positive (al plurale) *** a lot of = molti -e > Tom reads a lot of magazines about sports. plenty of = molti -e > Margaret has plenty of books about art. lots of = molti -e > Tom has lots of friends. many = molti -e > There are many pretty women in the world.

8 UNIT 4 8 PREPOSITIONS = preposizioni Osserva come le preposizioni modificano il significato dei verbi. to come to come in Come in! = venire = entrare (lett. venire dentro) = Entra! to put to put on Put on your hat!! = mettere = mettersi (abiti) = Mettiti il cappello! to take to take off Take off your hat! = prendere = togliersi (abiti) = Togliti il cappello! <<<<< >>>>> many = molti -e There are many pretty women in the world. few = pochi -e There are few beautiful women in the world. > Tom likes to read many magazines. He likes to read The New American because there are many interesting articles in it. Margaret, on the contrary, reads few magazines. She prefers books.

9 UNIT 4 9 USO DEGLI AGGETTIVI Parlando di una donna: a beautiful woman = una donna bella a pretty woman = una donna carina a plain woman = una donna comune an ugly woman = una donna brutta Parlando di un uomo: a handsome man = un uomo bello a good-looking man = un uomo di bell aspetto a plain man = un uomo comune an ugly man = un uomo brutto <<<<< >>>>> Why...? = Perché? (Quando si domanda.) Because = Perché... (Quando si risponde.) > - Tom has a red car. - W hy a red car? - Because he likes red things. > - W hy is Tom reading The New American? - Because there are many interesting articles in it. > - Margaret has a big hat on her head. - W hy? - Because the sun is very hot.

10 UNIT 4 10 to = a to go to to write to to speak to to say to = andare a = scrivere a = parlare a = dire a > Tom and Margaret are going to the beach. Tom is not writing a letter to his brother James. He is speaking to Margaret about Julia Roberts. He is saying to Margaret, Julia Roberts is beautiful. <<<<< >>>>> always = sempre > W hen they go to the beach (Quando vanno al mare ) Tom is always swimming in the blue sea. Margaret is always reading a book. W hen the sun is very hot, she always puts on a big hat. === when = quando <<<<< >>>>> to ask to answer = chiedere = rispondere > Margaret asks Tom, W ho is a beautiful woman according to you? And he answers, In my opinion Julia Roberts is beautiful. W ARNING Margaret asks to Tom Errore!

11 UNIT 4 11 boring = noioso The magazine is boring. bored = annoiato Margaret is bored. = La rivista è noiosa. = Margaret è annoiata. This morning Margaret is very bored. Tom is swimming in the blue sea, and she is sitting on the beach reading a magazine. The magazine is very boring. There are only articles about sports and politics in it. She thinks that sports and politics are boring. === sitting = seduto about = circa; di she thinks that = ella pensa che politics = politica <<<<< >>>>> so = così The sun is so hot today! = Il sole è così caldo oggi! - English pronunciation is so difficult! - Yes, but English grammar is so easy! Tom and Margaret - Margaret, this issue of The New American is so interesting! - On the contrary, I think that it is so boring. - There are a lot of pictures of Julia Roberts. She is so beautiful. And so charming! - Tom, you are so silly! === issue = numero (di un giornale) difficult = difficile on the contrary = al contrario easy = facile I think that = Io penso che charming = affascinante

12 UNIT 4 12 about = circa; di There are about six billion people in the world. Tom likes to read magazines about sports and politics. Margaret prefers to read books about art and music. === billion = miliardo people = persone <<<<< >>>>> according to = secondo 1. in my opinion = secondo me 2. according to you = secondo te 3. according to him = secondo lui according to her = secondo lei 1. in our opinion = secondo noi 2. according to you = secondo voi 3. according to them = secondo loro W ARNING! = avvertimento according to me according to us Errore! Errore! <<<<< >>>>> 1. that = quello -a This car is red. That car is black. 2. that = che (congiunzione) Tom thinks that The New American is a fantastic magazine. Margaret says that it is very boring.

13 UNIT 4 13 also too = anche; pure = anche; pure In The New American there are many pictures and many interesting articles too. Tom likes sports, and he also likes politics. Margaret likes apples, and she also likes oranges. Margaret is a pretty girl, and she is clever too. OSSERVA also too Si usa in mezzo alla frase, e talvolta all inizio. Si usa generalmente alla fine della frase. <<<<< >>>>> SUPERLATIVO ASSOLUTO REGOLA GENERALE Il superlativo assoluto si forma premettendo agli aggettivi e avverbi very. very good very well = buonissimo; molto buono = benissimo; molto bene very big very hot very beautiful very ugly very interesting very kind very much etc. - grandissimo, - caldissimo - bellissimo - bruttissimo - interessantissimo - gentilissimo - moltissimo

14 UNIT 4 14 Quando si pronuncia la R : 1. La r si pronuncia solamente quando è seguita da una vocale. > Rome France romantic red strong 2. Quando la r è seguita da una consonante non si pronuncia. > art sport Germany morning work your girl etc. 3. Quando la r è seguita da e muta non si pronuncia. > are rare there picture OSSERVA Se una parola finisce in r o -re, e la parola che segue comincia per vocale, la r si pronuncia debolmente. Her eyes are blue. Your ideas are original. W e are Italian. You are English. They are American. etc. PRONUNCIATION ts S ou : child conversation both work children English no world French patient old word (parola) much politician only rich Russian photo teacher she Rome which Spanish to smoke ts S = ci = sci

15 UNIT 4 15 opposites = contrari beautiful = bello ugly = brutto clever = bravo; intelligente stupid = stupido good = buono bad = cattivo handsome = bello ugly = brutto kind = gentile unkind = non gentile many = molti few = pochi much = molto little = poco old = vecchio new = nuovo old = vecchio young = giovane old = antico modern = moderno patient = paziente impatient = impaziente pretty = carino plain = comune, bruttino rare = raro common = comune rich = ricco poor = povero

16 UNIT 4 16 READING = lettura An Interesting Magazine - W hat is Tom doing? - Is he writing a letter to his brother James? - No, he isn t. He is reading an American magazine. - Is the magazine interesting or boring? - According to Margaret it is boring, and very stupid too. But Tom thinks that it is very interesting. He also says that it is his favourite magazine. - W hy is it his favourite magazine? - Because there are lots of articles about sports and politics in it. And there are also many pictures of beautiful women. On the cover of the magazine there is a photo of Julia Roberts. Tom thinks that she is a beautiful and interesting woman. *** Tom is now reading an article to Margaret. The article says, There are a lot of pretty women in the world, but there are not many beautiful women. Beautiful women are rare. Margaret asks, W ho is a beautiful woman according to you? And Tom answers, W ell, in my opinion, Julia Roberts is a very beautiful woman. - Am I pretty or beautiful? asks Margaret. - And Tom answers, W ell, er - you are not beautiful, but you are pretty, very pretty. *** Tom has a cousin. Her name is Mary. Margaret says that she is ugly. But she always exaggerates. Poor Mary! She is not ugly, she is only plain. Tom asks Margaret, W hy are you so unkind? And Margaret answers, I m sorry, Tom. === cover = copertina (di una revista) asks = chiede answers = risponde

17 UNIT 4 17 TRANSLATION = traduzione 1. Fai la traduzione orale. 3. Copia tutta la pagina. 1. This woman is beautiful. That woman is ugly. 2. The opposite of beautiful is ugly. 3. The opposite of pretty is plain. 4. The plural of much is many. 5. The opposite of clever is stupid. 6. The opposite of rich is poor. 7. The opposite of rare is common. 8. This girl is unkind. That girl is kind. 9. There are a lot of blonde girls in England. 10. There are few blonde girls in Spain. 11. There is a man in the sea. There is also a child. 12. There is a woman on the beach W hy is Tom reading the article? Because it is interesting. 15. Tom has a cousin. Her name is Mary. Poor girl! She is not pretty, she is plain. 16. But Margaret exaggerates, and says that Mary is ugly Have you a cousin? I have two cousins, and they are both pretty W hy are you always so bored? Because my work is very boring.

18 UNIT 4 18 TRANSLATION = traduzione 1. Fai la traduzione scritta dall italiano in inglese. 2. Correggi gli eventuali errori guardando la pagina precedente. 3. Fai la traduzione orale. 1. Questa donna è bella. Quella donna è brutta. 2. Il contrario di bello è brutto. 3. Il contrario di carino è comune. 4. Il plurale di molto è molti. 5. Il contrario di intelligente è stupido. 6. Il contrario di ricco è povero. 7. Il contrario di raro è comune. 8. Questa ragazza è non gentile. Quella ragazza è gentile. 9. Ci sono molte ragazze bionde in Inghilterra. 10. Ci sono poche ragazze bionde in Italia. 11. C è un uomo nel mare. C è pure un bambino. 12. C è una donna sulla spiaggia Perché sta Tom leggendo l articolo? Perché è interessante. 15. Tom ha una cugina. Il suo nome è Mary. Povera ragazza! Ella non è carina, ella è comune. 16. Ma Margaret esagera, e dice che Mary è brutta Hai tu una cugina? Io ho due cugine, e esse sono entrambe carine Perché sei sempre così annoiato? Perché il mio lavoro è molto noioso. Le parole fra parentesi non si traducono. NOTA L italiano di questa traduzione è stato inglesizzato per facilitarne la traduzione.

19 UNIT 4 19 EXERCISES = esercizi Non scrivere sul libro! Scrivi la domanda e la risposta sul quaderno. Rispondi sempre con una frase. 1. Rispondi alle seguenti domande W hat is Tom reading in the dialogue of Unit 4? 2. - Is the magazine interesting or boring? 3. - Are there many or few pictures in it? 4. - Are there many or few beautiful women in the world? 5. - W ho is a beautiful woman according to Tom? 6. - W ho is a beautiful woman according to you? 7. - Tom has a cousin, what is her name? 8. - Is she pretty or plain? 9. - Have you a cousin? Is your cousin pretty, plain or ugly? Is Tom handsome or ugly? 2. Scrivi i contrari delle seguenti parole 1. clever 6. poor 2. kind 7. bad 3. ugly 8. old 4. patient 9. rich 5. young 10. pretty 3. Volgi le seguenti frasi al plurale. Esempio That old man is very poor. Those old men are very poor. 1. There is a photo in the magazine. 2. It is a beautiful photo. 3. This article is interesting. 4. This is my favourite magazine. 5. That man in the car is my friend. 6. This girl is his fiancée. 7. That pretty woman is American. She lives in Boston. 8. This child is Indian. He lives in Bombay.

20 UNIT 4 20 EXERCISES = esercizi 4. Volgi le seguenti frasi in forma interrogativa. Esempio It is time for lunch. Is it time for lunch? 1. Tom is writing a letter to his brother James. 2. He is reading an American magazine. 3. The magazine is interesting. 4. There are many beautiful pictures in it. 5. There are articles about politics. 6. There are many pretty women in the world. 7. Beautiful women are rare. 8. Margaret has a brother and a sister. 9. She has a pretty green dress. 10. She has big blue eyes. 5. Riscrivi le frasi dell esercizio n. 4 in forma negativa. Esempio It is time for lunch. It isn t time for lunch? 6. Scrivi la 3 persona singolare del Present Simple e del Present Continuous dei seguenti verbi. Esempio to read He reads. He is reading. 1. to write 6. to repeat 2. to speak 7. to smoke 3. to say 8. to work 4. to listen 9. to ask 5. to exaggerate 10. to answer

21 UNIT 4 21 VOCABULARY about Ebaut circa, di according to EkØ:ding tu secondo address Edres indirizzo a lot of E løt Ev molto also Ø:lsou anche always Ø:lweiz sempre article a:tikl articolo to ask tu a:sk chiedere to answer tu a:nse rispondere because bikøz perché billion bilien miliardo book buk libro bored bø:d annoiato boring bø:rin noioso charming tsa:min affascinante to come tu kúm venire to come in tu kúm in entrare common kømen comune on the contrary Øn TE køntreri al contrario cousin kúzn cugino, -a cover kúve copertina dialogue daieløg dialogo difficult difikelt difficile to do tu du: fare door dø: porta easy i:si facile to exaggerate tu igzadzereit esagerare example igza:mpl esempio few fju: pochi four fø: quattro (turn over)

22 UNIT 4 22 VOCABULARY good-looking gud-lukin di bell aspetto grammar grame grammatica idea aidie idea impatient impeisent impaziente important impø:tent importante Indian indjen indiano interesting intristin interessante to knock tu nøk bussare to know tu nou sapere; conoscere letter lete lettera to listen tu lisn ascoltare lots of løts Ev molti lunch lúnts pranzo magazine magezin rivista many meni molti mother múte madre nonsense nønsens sciocchezza, -e now nau ora, adesso number númbe numero on the contrary Øn TE køntreri al contrario opinion EpiniEn opinione opposite ØpEzit contrario original EridZinEl originale page peidz pagina people pi:pl persone photo foutou fotografia picture piktse fotografia; illustrazione plain plein comune; bruttino plural pluerel plurale (turn over)

23 UNIT 4 23 politics pølitiks politica poor pue povero rare ree raro to read tu ri:d leggere rich rits ricco to say tu sei dire silly sili sciocco six siks sei sitting sitin seduto to smoke tu smouk fumare so sou così strange streindz strano stupid stjupid stupido telephone telifoun telefono that TAt quello a / che there are TeEr a: ci sono there is TeEr iz c è to think tu ink pensare to tu a today tudei oggi too tu: anche; pure ugly úgli brutto vain vein vanitoso why wai perché world w :ld mondo to write tu rait scrivere VOCABULARY