Fragmenta Theriologica

Transcription

1 ACTA T H E R I L G I C A Vl. 18, 18: 4 50 BIAŁWIEŻA August, 197 Frgment Therilgi Andrzej ZANIAWKI PRPRTIN F THE ALIMENTARY TRACT IN DEER PRPRCJE PRZEWDU PKARMWEG JELENIWATYCH The length, weights nd prprtins f different prts f the limentry trt were defined in re-deer (n= 8 TT) nd red deer (n= 6 ft nd 5 $ $) frm ne sht in the nrth f Plnd. The weight f the limentry trt, tgether with ntents, vried frm 5.5 t 8.8% f the weight f the rss. Mesurements nd indies f the intestines exhibit nsiderble individul vritins, mking splnhnmetri hrters unsuitble fr desriptins f ppultins. Reltively little ttentin hs been given t the internl rgns in the very bundnt literture n Cervine. This gp is filled by the exhustive study by blin (197 n the mr- nd mirstruture f the limentry trt in lrge number f speies f this fmily. The bimetri dt given by the bve uthr fr the re-deer f Eurpe nd red deer frm the Eurpen prt f the viet Unin frmed n induement t publish the dt referring t the sme speies lleted t ne time in nnetin with mre extensive subjet. The erlier bimetri dt n the limentry trt in red deer frm Plnd (Gill 1958) were btined frm three mles kept in ptivity. Mesurements were mde f length nd weight f the vrius prts f the limentry trt in 8 mle re-deer, Cprelus prelus (L i n- neus, 1758) frm t 6 yers ld, nd 7 mles nd 5 femles f the red deer Cervus elphus Linneus, 1758, frm t 9 yers ld. All the nimls hd been sht in the sme shting re, but 5000 h in extent, situted in the nrth f Plnd (5 40'N, 19 0'E). The re-deer were sht between June 2nd nd 18th 196, nd the red deer between eptember 18th nd 2rd f tht sme yer. When mesuring the limentry trt we differentited between the prts whih n esily be seprted under field nditins. The fllwing divisin ws mde: rumen + retiulum, msus + bmsus, intestinum ienue frm the reltively distint nrrwing where the bmsus psses [4]

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4 46 A. zniwski int the dudenum up t the very distint pssge int the rssum (the mesurement thus inluding the dudenum, jejunum nd ileum); the next prt ws frmed by the rssum, inluding the ln nd retum mesured frm the ple where the smll intestine enters the lrge intestine t n ute ngle (mrking the ple f divisin f the lrge intestine int the eum nd ln), up t the untthed end f the retum. Althugh the eum frms prt f the lrge intestine, it is usully nsidered seprted in mking splnhnlgil mesurements n unt f ertin degree f mrphlgil r physilgil differene; it ws mesured frm the ple where the smll intestine enters the lrge up t its lsed end. Mesurements were mde n the dy the given niml ws sht, r, when this urred in the evening, the fllwing mrning. In ll ses the limentry trt nd the ther internl rgns were remved immeditely fter the niml hd been sht. Preprtins fr mesurement nsisted in remving the mesenterium tgether with the ftty tissue dhering t the intestines, nd then strightening ut the whle f the intestines n ement flr. The jejunum prved t be mst diffiult t prepre n unt f the gret degree f flding. When strightening ut the intestines re ws tken t vid strething them rtifiilly. It must be emphsised here tht intestines quikly lse their nturl elstiity due t the hemil presses tking ple inside them, nd they ter nd split esily, beming prtilly impssible t mesure fter lps f 24 hurs. After mesuring the intestines with tpe mesure the vrius prts were tied with thred nd ut ff. Eh f the prts ws weighed tgether with its ntents, then slit, the ntents remved (srping the wlls with speilly shped wden sptul) nd weighed gin. In dditin t the limentry trt the length f the niml's bdy ws mesured frm muzzle t bse f til. The nimls were weighed fter being dressed. REULT The results btined re given in tbles 1 nd 2. In view f the smll number f individuls it ws impssible t mke sttistil lultins r t drw fr-rehing nlusins, but ertin bservtins pper justified. The weight f the limentry trt (with ntents) vries in the deer exmined frm 5.5 t 8.8 / f the weight f the niml's rss. This wuld seem remrkble, s there is generl nvitin tht the weight f the rss inresed by 25% gives the ttl bdy weight nd is used s suh fr mprisns with dt in literture. The gret vribility f weight f the limentry trt with ntents suggests tht it is primrily the weight f therss whih shuld be used fr mprisns between different ppultins f ungultes. In the mteril desribed here differenes between the weight f the rumen (with ntents) in mles nd femles f the red deer re prtiulrly striking. This is unted fr by the ft tht mteril ws lleted during the rutting sesn, when stgs et nly negligible quntities f fd. The weight f the wlls f the limentry trt vries within smller intervls, but even s individul differenes were nsiderble.

5 At Therilgi 18, 18: 47-50, The reltive weight f the wlls f the limentry trt is gretest in rebuks, smller in hinds nd smllest in stgs, nd therefre wuld pper nneted with bdy size, nd nt systemti ppurtenne. Ttl length f the intestines is hrterized by strikingly gret individul vritin (Tble 2). Individuls differing by but 6 bdy lengths in respet f intestinl length were fund in reltively smll grup f mle re-deer, nd suh differenes, less striking but very distint, ur in red deer. Differenes, in prprtins between the vrius prts f the limentry trt re nt s gret, but even here individul vritin is lerly mrked fr instne the eum in mle re-deer my frm frm 1.8 t.4% f the whle intestinl length (Tble 2). Generlly speking it my be sid tht the methd f splnhnlgil mesurements wuld pper insuffiiently urte fr mprisns f different reginl ppultins f the sme speies, lthugh it my be f use fr desribing distnt systemti grups upying lerly different bitpes. REFERENCE Gill J. & Jzewski Z., 1958: Kpzität der vershiedenen Teile des Verduungspprtes des Rthirshes (Cervus elphus L.). Z. Jgdwiss. 4, 4: blin T. B., 1970; Evljuij piäevritelnj sistemy lenej.»nuk«: Mskv. Frestry Reserh Institute, Wery Kstrzewy, Wrszw, Plnd. ed, Mrh 20, 197. Aept- Henryk KBRYN & Frniszek KBRYNCZUK BINIANA LIV PEUDARTHRI IN THE EURPEAN BIN TAW RZEKMY (PEUDARTHRI) U 2UBRA An unusul speimen ws enuntered in the stelgil lletin f the Eurpen Bisn Antmil Reserh Centre f the Veterinry Deprtment f the Agriulturl Ademy in Wrsw, whih hs reently inresed t inlude the bnes f 120 individuls f different ge f bth sexes. Pst mrtem exmintin f the merted skeletn f 10-yer ld mle Eurpen bisn»psusz«(bisn Pedigree bk N. 984, brn , died ) reveled bnrmlity in the struture f the seventh rvil vertebr, exhibiting hrters f pseudrthrsis. The seventh ervil vertebr hd undergne divisin int tw prts the upper nd lwer (Fig. 1). Pressus trnsversi nd pressus rtiulres rniles hd remined with the lwer prt, while pr. rtiulris ud-